我国体育产业发展的双重阻力

我国GDP水平偏低，导致大众体育消费的有效消费不足；体育产业基础薄弱，体育产业结构不合理；体育人口众多与设施场地总量不足的矛盾：是我国体育产业发展的客观阻力。政府在体育产业中的职能定位存在偏差，职能转变缓慢，体育消费市场的实物消费远远大于体育劳务消费，则是我国体育产业发展的主观阻力。提出了在双重阻力作用下我国体育产业发展的思路。     

The effect of towing a range of relative resistances on sprint performance

The aim of this study was to compare sprint performance over 10 and 20?m when participants ran while towing resistances, weighing between 0 and 30% of body mass. The sample of 33 participants consisted of male rugby and soccer players (age 21.1?±?1.8 years, body mass 83.6?±?13.1?kg, height 1.82?±?0.1?m; mean?±?s). Each participant performed two sets of seven sprints over 20?m using a Latin rectangular design. The times were recorded at 10 and 20?m using electronic speed gates. The sprints of 13 players were video-recorded to allow calculation of stride length and frequency. For both sprints, a quadratic relationship was observed between sprint time and resistance as sprint time increased from 2.94?s to 3.80?s from 0 to 30% resistance. This relationship was statistically significant but considered not to be meaningful for performance because, over the range of resistances used in this study, the quadratic model was never more than 1% (in terms of sprint time) from the linear model. As resistance increased, the stride length shortened, with mean values of 1.63?±?0.13?m at 0% body mass and 1.33?±?0.13?m at 30% of body mass. There was no significant change in stride frequency with increasing resistance. The results show that in general there is an increase in sprint time with an increase in resistance. No particular resistance in the range tested (0?–?30%) can be recommended for practice.     

Test–retest reliability of a battery of field-based health-related fitness measures for adolescents

Abstract

The main aim of this study was to determine the test–retest reliability of existing tests of health-related fitness. Participants (mean age 14.8 years, s = 0.4) were 42 boys and 26 girls who completed the study assessments on two occasions separated by one week. The following tests were conducted: bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to calculate percent body fat, leg dynamometer, 90° push-up, 7-stage sit-up, and wall squat tests. Intra-class correlation (ICC), paired samples t-tests, and typical error expressed as a coefficient of variation were calculated. The mean percent body fat intra-class correlation coefficient was similar for boys (ICC = 0.95) and girls (ICC = 0.93), but the mean coefficient of variation was considerably higher for boys than girls (22.2% vs. 12.2%). The boys' coefficients of variation for the tests of muscular fitness ranged from 9.0% for the leg dynamometer test to 26.5% for the timed wall squat test. The girls' coefficients of variation ranged from 17.1% for the sit-up test to 21.4% for the push-up test. Although the BIA machine produced reliable estimates of percent body fat, the tests of muscular fitness resulted in high systematic error, suggesting that these measures may require an extensive familiarization phase before the results can be considered reliable.     

美狄亚、费德尔与蘩漪形象比较

妇女对悲剧命运的抗争在文学史上的表现是多方面的.在各种压迫面前,女性表现出相似的反抗态势.美狄亚、费德尔与繁漪所处的时代不同,地域空间相异,但她们的遭遇与不幸、反抗与斗争却十分相似,在各自的婚姻爱情体验中都存在相似的精神压抑与极大的苦闷.     

与圈梁现浇在一起的天沟挑檐的抗倾覆设计

本通过理论分析和工程实例，对与圈梁现浇在一起的天沟桃檐的抗倾覆设计问题进行了探讨，阐明了天沟桃檐产生的抗倾覆力矩将由哪些因素来平衡，提出了抗扭支座的概念，形成了明确合理、概念清晰的设计理念。     

珙桐生理学研究进展

珙桐(Davidia involucrate Baill)是中国特有的单属单种植物,国家一级保护物种,具有重要的学术、经济价值.因其分布范围窄、适应性弱、种子萌发率较低,人为破坏严重,使其有濒临灭绝的危险.致其引种、异地保护困难,进一步的开发和利用不能深入进行.珙桐的抗性生理、种子休眠、萌发生理等的研究进展,为珙桐的引种驯化,提高其种子萌发、幼苗成活等提供一定的理论基础.     

肥胖与2型糖尿病的关系

目的:探讨肥胖与2型糖尿病的关系.方法:随机选取93例患者,根据体质指数(BMD=体重/身高2,分为正常组20例(BMI＜25),超重组33例(BMI≥25),肥胖组40例(BMI≥30).分别比较2型糖尿病的患病率.结果:肥胖组与超重组2型糖尿病患病率(40.0%、27.3%)均高于正常组(10.0%).肥胖组与超重组之间2型糖尿病患病率无显著性差别.结论:肥胖是导致2型糖尿病发生的重要因素.     

表面处理工艺在修复脱粉机分配盘的应用

引进德国进口二手设备KSΦ5．7M干式脱粉机，经修复后用于潘三矿原煤脱粉；介绍了修复脱粉机分配盘组件的表面处理工艺过程和如何做好氧化处理前表面的准备、氧化处理、涂油等工序流程；使用效果表明，分配盘的耐比性和耐磨性较好，为修复进口脱粉机和推广脱粉工艺作了有益的尝试。     

植物抗寒基因研究进展

低温是一种常见的非生物胁迫,是限制植物分布、降低作物产量及品质的重要原因之一,是农业生产中的一种严重的自然灾害。随着植物抗寒分子机理的不断深入研究,目前已经克隆了很多植物抗寒相关基因,可通过基因工程手段提高植物的抗寒性,对农业生产具有重要意义．本文综合概述了目前已克隆的重要植物抗寒基因的最新研究方向、进展及应用。     

早期宫颈癌耐药基因与临床预后关系回顾性研究

目的：探讨耐药基因p-糖蛋白（p-gp）、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST-Ⅱ）、拓扑异构酶Ⅱ（TOpoⅡ）、胸苷酸合成酶（TS）在宫颈癌中的表达及临床意义。方法：应用免疫组织化学方法检测65例宫颈癌中p-gp、TOpoⅡ、GST-π、TS的表达，并分析其与临床预后之间的关系。结果：p-gp的表达与肿瘤分化程度、淋巴结转移有关（P〈0．05），与UICC分期、局部复发无关（P〉0．05）；TOpoⅡ的表达与淋巴结转移、局部复发有关（P〈0．05），与肿瘤分化程度、UICC分期无关（P〉0．05）；GST-π的表达与各个指标之间均存在相关（P〈0．05）；TS与淋巴结转移、UICC分期有关（P〈0．05），与局部复发、肿瘤分化无关（P〉0．05）。经多因素COX比例风险模型分析显示：局部复发、淋巴结转移及TOPOⅡ、GST-π的表达与宫颈癌患者术后生存率有关（P〈0．05）。结论：宫颈癌中p-gp、TOpoⅡ、GST-π、TS的联合检测对判断宫颈癌的预后十分必要；局部复发、淋巴结转移及TOpoⅡ、GST-π的表达可作为宫颈癌患者独立的预后因素。