关于彰显学术权力的若干问题

学术权力与行政权力的关系是近年来人们在讨论大学管理时涉及较多的一个话题。由于我国大学的学术权力是在严密的行政权力体系下开始生长的,且如何在大学管理中发挥学术权力的作用、如何协调学术权力与行政权力的关系还正在摸索过程中,因此有必要就大学学术权力的内涵、作用内容与范围、学术权力的构成形式以及彰显学术权力的制度保障等问题作进一步深入的分析研究。     

体育的主旨是强化体能而非保健养生--读张之沧先生《论身体教育的迫切性》一文有感

分析了健康、体育、教育等方面的惯常误解，认为轻视知识的风气是知识分子的健康大敌，强调体育虽有助于健身但主要是为强化体能。     

中国乒乓球男队主要对手的技战术分析

运用文献法、录像观察法、三段技术统计法,对当前中国乒乓球男队的主要竞争对手柳承敏、萨姆索诺夫、波尔进行了微观的技术剖析,并提出了相应的应对策略。研究还表明,如果继续沿用以前的三段技术评估标准,应做如下补充：一段不及格,两段优秀和一段不及格,一段及格,一段优秀,均可获胜;如果不沿用以前的评估标准,应做如下修敌：把相持段的得分率和使用率的数值下调,下调的幅度应做进一步的、大样本的研究。     

Device for on-the-water measurement of rowing output

All those who compete in the sport of rowing have used the land rowing machine, Ergometer (commonly called the ‘erg’), manufactured by Concept II (Morrisville, Vermont, USA). Ergon is the Greek word for work, hence the Ergometer measures work. Rowers are commonly ranked according to their ‘erg score.’ The fault in this ranking is that the land Ergometer cannot account for many of the important technical aspects associated with rowing on the water. The goals of this project were to (1) develop a system for on-the-water measurement of work during rowing and then (2) demonstrate the potential of such a system to quantify performance and improve rowing technique. To achieve these goals, force was measured using strain gauges glued to the shaft of the rowing oar and angular displacement was measured using a potentiometer. The force and displacement measurements were sent to a microcontroller, which calculated the total work done in a particular stroke, as well as other parameters, and displayed the values to the rower. The parameters were used to evaluate the performance of three collegiate rowers on the water. The data were also used to plot force profiles, which were reviewed with each rower and the coach to illustrate the rowers’ habits and facilitate improving technique. One rower was ‘tutored’ with the device through five on-the-water practices, after which his force profiles and parameter values demonstrated significant improvement. The device not only provided a standard to which all rowers were compared on the water, but also supplied the rowers with important information on technical aspects of their strokes and pacing themselves.     

Comparison of support leg kinetics between side-step and cross-step cutting techniques

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the support leg joint moment and moment power between side-step (SS) and cross-step (CS) cutting techniques with a prescribed 90° cutting angle. Ground reaction forces (1,000 Hz) and three-dimensional kinematics (250 Hz) of SS and CS cutting techniques were collected from 20 male college athletes. Normalised peak knee extension moment was larger in the SS technique than in the CS technique (0.40 ± 0.10 in SS; 0.26 ± 0.08 in CS). In the SS technique, the knee extensors ( ? 0.10 ± 0.06 in SS; ? 0.02 ± 0.04 in CS) and ankle plantarflexors ( ? 0.12 ± 0.05 in SS; ? 0.07 ± 0.03 in CS) did significantly more negative work (normalised). The direction change angle (40.5 ± 8.7° in SS; 33.0 ± 6.8° in CS) and the decrease in horizontal velocity of the centre of mass ( ? 0.63 ± 0.23 m/s in SS; ? 0.31 ± 0.23 m/s in CS) were significantly larger in the SS technique. These results suggest that the SS technique is an effective means of changing running direction at the expense of velocity of the centre of mass and that the CS technique is better for minimising the reduction in horizontal velocity of the centre of mass.     

划船运动一浆中多点速度、功率的测量及其应用

木文论述了划船运动一桨中多点速度、功率的测量原理和方法．用SF一2船速桨频测量仪给予实验验证．对皮、划、赛艇运动员进行实时监测和技术诊断,为桨手在水上实施定成、定（变）频、定（变）速训练、控制有氧无氧能力训练、技战术分析及改进效果的验证等,提供数字化、智能化的服务。     

虚实在太极拳中的运用

虚实是阴阳学说衍生出来的一个哲学范畴的概念,它时时刻刻存在于人们的生活之中,一切事物中无不含有虚实之变化。而富涵中国哲学思想的太极拳,始终贯穿着虚实变化之理。用虚实观考察太极拳拳理与拳法,进一步揭示虚实的辩证内涵及其在太极拳中的运用,对了解认识太极拳的本质特点     

奥运会与大众传媒关系的仪式性分析

电视(大众传媒的代表)在全球范围将奥运仪式分类有序地展现,促成了奥运的“去仪式化”;而奥运作为仪式性的媒介事件,从传播内容方面促成了大众传播的仪式性,从传播形式方面促成了大众传播仪式的再次仪式化(奥运在大众传播这种日常仪式中再次形成了阈限期,即仪式状态),从而促成受众的连续收视行为,特别是奥运期间的超常规收视行为,强化其仪式功能———使受众拥有共享信仰而获得的满足和安全感。奥运和电视形成了良性的互动和双赢关系。同时,奥运和媒体的这种共谋直接导致了第三种客观结果:奥运的“去仪式化”,即仪式和群众场面———民族国家组织场景之间的转化,歌颂、强化了民族国家的整体感以及分类权力的秩序。     

从国家文化软实力视角看中国武术的价值使命

在世界多元化发展的今天,我国以提升国家软实力来塑造国家的国际形象,从而能够在世界上获得更大的国际竞争力。在我国全面提升软实力的背景下,中国武术通过自己独有的文化特性,不仅对我国优秀传统文化的传播起到积极的推动作用,而且也为国外了解我国传统文化开辟了一个重要途径。同时,中国武术为国家软实力提供"民族理念、民族精神、民族自信"。     

游泳运动员技术和体能针对性训练初探

教练员们往往习惯于把训练分为水上训练和陆上训练,水上训练主要发展技术和专项训练水平,陆上训练的目的主要在于发展一般身体素质和大肌肉群的专项力量,而体能训练则常常被视为陆上训练的一个方面。近几年人们逐渐关注到体能训练在游泳训练中的地位和作用,通过对一些优秀运动员技术动作的测试分析发现,游进过程中推进力的增加和阻力的减小单靠发展大肌肉群的力量和核心力量是远远不够的,还必须注重发展与技术动作相关的小肌肉的力量,体能训练专项化已经成为现代游泳训练的一大特点。因为,高水平运动员存在着明显的个体差异,每一个人的情况千差万别,如何确定每一个运动员的技术现状,找出最需要发展的短板,将专项体能训练与技术训练结合起来进行针对性的练习是现代游泳训练的发展趋势,也是提高训练效果的重要环节。