“自学·议论·引导”教学法的基本原理与操作要义

自学·议论·引导包括以学定教、情智相生、活动致知、最近发展四个基本原理,以及以下四个操作要义:紧扣核心知识,促成知识生产;根据变化情境,融通多种策略;激活思维能量,优化学习品质;瞄准学力发展,奠基和谐人格。这些原理和要义在较大程度上与新课程基本理念相吻合,是对新课程精神的实践。     

情感基础上的中西融合——李长之传记批评法研究

在中国现代文学批评中,李长之的传记批评法独具特色,其中既有远承古典传统的象喻式批评法,又有西方理论影响下的文本细读、心理分析和社会历史批评法。在由作品分析而深入到作者及其时代考察的过程中,李长之始终强调情感体验的重要性,这也是其研究方法能够成功融合中西的关键所在。     

竞技武术套路运动员力量素质的训练措施分析

在现代竞技武术比赛中,超强的力量素质对创造优异的运动成绩起着重要作用。本文通过文献资料法、逻辑分析法等方法,针对竞技武术套路的运动特点指导和制定科学合理的力量素质训练方法,旨在使竞技武术套路训练走向更加科学化和规范化的道路,以期促进我国武术事业的发展。     

Employ Game Teaching Method in the Primary School English Classroom

on the basis of linguistics, psychology and other related theory, we should carry out game teaching method to make students learn easily and happily because of the lack of interest and other problems i...     

求解非线性互补问题的两步迭代-Filter方法

利用牛顿迭代法作为预测步,用不动点迭代法作为修正步,结合filter技术,提出了求解非线性互补问题的两步迭代-filter算法,并证明了算法的局部三阶收敛性,最后通过数值实验表明该算法的有效性.     

The Issue of Range Restriction in Bookmark Standard Setting

This article uses data from a large‐scale assessment program to illustrate the potential issue of range restriction with the Bookmark method in the context of trying to set cut scores to closely align with a set of college and career readiness benchmarks. Analyses indicated that range restriction issues existed across different response probability (RP) values and item response theory (IRT) models if one were to apply the Bookmark procedure using intact test forms. Results also suggested that range restriction may still be present if one had access to additional data from an item bank. This demonstration critically highlights challenges that may exist in some practical applications of the Bookmark method due items not being designed to cover the full range of examinee abilities.     

A Critical Look into the Beuk Standard-Setting Method

One commonly used compromise standard-setting method is the Beuk (1984) method. A key assumption of the Beuk method is that the emphasis given to the pass rate and the percent correct ratings should be proportional to the extent that the panelists agree on their ratings. However, whether the slope of Beuk line reflects the emphasis that panelists believe should be assigned to the pass rate and the percentage correct ratings has not be fully tested. In this article, I evaluate this critical assumption of the Beuk method by asking panelists to assign importance weights to their percentage correct and pass rate judgments. I show that in several cases that the emphasis suggested by the Beuk slope is noticeably different from what one would expect and is inconsistent with importance weight ratings. I also suggest two ways that the importance weights can be used to calculate alternate cut scores, and I show that one of the ways of calculating cut scores using the importance weights leads to larger potential differences in cut score estimates. I suggest that practitioners should consider collecting importance weights when the Beuk method is used for determining cut scores.     

档案记录方式和载体形式对档案管理工作的影响——实体档案与电子档案管理刍议

当今,现代信息技术对传统实体档案管理产生了深远影响,如何做好实体档案与电子档案管理,笔者认为:首先要厘清实体档案管理的历史发展及其特征;其次要弄清档案馆(室)在实体档案保护与信息化管理中的角色定位;三是档案馆(室)应在实体档案管理与信息化管理交互并存中赢得主动。任何一个时期的档案记录与管理方式,都与人类文明和技术进步相适应,电子档案同样是档案存在的一种形态,同实体档案还有一个长期并存的过程。因此,我们对实体档案不能轻易言弃,而要注重把信息技术运用到不同形态的档案管理中,确保实体档案安全和信息化条件下档案事业发展。     

Key somatic variables associated with,and differences between the 4 swimming strokes

ABSTRACT

This study identified key somatic and demographic characteristics that benefit all swimmers and, at the same time, identified further characteristics that benefit only specific swimming strokes. Three hundred sixty-three competitive-level swimmers (male [n = 202]; female [n = 161]) participated in the study. We adopted a multiplicative, allometric regression model to identify the key characteristics associated with 100 m swimming speeds (controlling for age). The model was refined using backward elimination. Characteristics that benefited some but not all strokes were identified by introducing stroke-by-predictor variable interactions. The regression analysis revealed 7 “common” characteristics that benefited all swimmers suggesting that all swimmers benefit from having less body fat, broad shoulders and hips, a greater arm span (but shorter lower arms) and greater forearm girths with smaller relaxed arm girths. The 4 stroke-specific characteristics reveal that backstroke swimmers benefit from longer backs, a finding that can be likened to boats with longer hulls also travel faster through the water. Other stroke-by-predictor variable interactions (taken together) identified that butterfly swimmers are characterized by greater muscularity in the lower legs. These results highlight the importance of considering somatic and demographic characteristics of young swimmers for talent identification purposes (i.e., to ensure that swimmers realize their most appropriate strokes).     

“我心目中的好课堂”——来自孩子心灵的呼声

对于什么样的＂课＂是＂好课＂,历来有多种说法,可谓仁者见仁,智者见智。然而,这些所谓＂好课标准＂都是成人所构建的。课堂生活是孩子们经历最多、体验最深的一种生活方式。教育现象学研究要求关注教育情境中师生的＂生活体验（世界）＂,关注教育的实际发生领域,关注生活的意义。由此,本研究旨在用教育现象学的方式倾听孩子们内心的声音,用描述性的语言勾勒出孩子们心目中的＂好课堂＂。