急性胰腺炎合并糖尿病14例临床分析

为了探讨急性胰腺炎合并糖尿病的治疗方法和对策，对14例急性胰腺炎合并糖尿病病例的非手术治疗和手术治疗就适应症、治疗效果、并发症，以及急性胰腺炎与糖尿病的联系进行了分析总结．认为无论哪种治疗方案均应强调急性胰腺炎与糖尿病之间的联系，辅以全胃肠外营养、丹参、少量多次输血等手段，能提高治愈率，降低并发症．     

MGMT和Survivin在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的:研究MGMT和Survivin在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法:福尔马林固定,石蜡包埋乳腺癌和腺瘤标本,采用SABC免疫组织化学方法检测MGMT和Survivin在这些组织中的表达。结果:MG-MT和Survivin在乳腺癌和乳腺腺瘤中的表达有显著性差异。MGMT在乳腺癌中的表达与患者的年龄、淋巴结转移有关,而Survivin仅与淋巴结转移有关。另外,MGMT和Survivin之间具有相关性(r=0.48,P<0.01)。结论:MGMT和Survivin的异常表达与乳腺癌的淋巴结转移有关;MGMT和Survivin可以作为判断乳腺癌发生和预后的重要指标;检测它们的表达可以指导临床上化疗方案的制定。     

Pancreatic cystic neoplasms: a review of preoperative diagnosis and management

Pancreatic cystic neoplasms(PCNs) are a diverse group of neoplasms in the pancreas,and are more increasingly encountered with widespread abdominal screening and improved imaging techniques.The most common types of PCNs are serous cystic neoplasms(SCNs),mucinous cystic neoplasms(MCNs),and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms(IPMNs).Clinicians frequently feel bewildered in the differential diagnosis and subsequent management among the various types of lesions in the pancreas,which may lead to overtreatment or delayed treatment.The current review provides recent developments in the understanding of the three most common types of PCNs,the latest modalities used in preoperative diagnosis and differential diagnosis,as well as the most up to date management.Suggestions for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of SCNs,MCNs,and IPMNs are also provided for young surgeons.Better understanding of these neoplasms is essential for clinicians to make accurate diagnosis and to provide the best management for patients.     

大肠癌中Ezrin蛋白的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系

目的:探讨Ezrin在大肠癌中的表达特点及其与临床病理参数的关系.方法:应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测100例大肠癌组织及11例癌旁正常黏膜中Ezrin的表达情况.结果:Ezrin阳性表达率在大肠正常粘膜、大肠癌组织中分别为36.4%、75%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);淋巴结转移组Ezrin阳性率(89.6%)显著高于无淋巴结转移组(61.5%)(P<0.05);在大肠癌中,Ezrin异常表达与大肠癌患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤的发生部位以及分化程度无关(P>0.05).结论:Ezrin表达水平提高提示癌组织具有更高的浸润、侵袭能力和淋巴结转移风险,检测 Ezrin有望成为判断大肠癌患者预后的新指标或治疗肿瘤转移的一个靶点.     

金属硫蛋白过表达对乳腺癌化疗方案选择的影响

目的：探讨金属硫蛋白（Metallothionein,MT）在乳腺癌中过表达的意义及其与乳腺癌化疗方案选择的相关性。方法：利用SP免疫组织化学技术,检测88例乳腺癌组织中MT表达率。结果：MT在乳腺癌中总阳性率为67.05%（59/88）。MT在髓样癌、小叶癌和导管癌中的阳性率分别为41.67%,85.71%和62.50%。在浸润型乳腺癌组阳性率明显高于非浸润型癌组（P〈0.05） 在小叶癌组阳性率高于髓样癌组和导管癌组（P〈0.05） 淋巴结转移组阳性率高于非转移组（P〈0.05）。结论：MT表达与乳腺癌的病理类型及有否淋巴结转移相关,检测MT对乳腺癌化疗方案的制定有指导意义。     

MMP-9和CD15s与胃癌血管生成的相关性研究及其临床意义

目的:探讨基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)和唾液酸化Lewis X(CD15s)抗原与胃癌侵袭转移的相关性。方法:采用CD105,MMP-9,CD15s进行免疫组化S-P法染色,对47例胃癌根治性切除手术标本病理组织切片进行标记,检测CD105的微血管密度(MVD),并对MVD与MMP-9、CD15s的关系进行统计分析。结果:MMP-9、CD15s表达都呈阳性的胃癌组织微血管密度高于MMP-9和CD15s单阳性及二者均阴性的胃癌组织。结论:MMP-9高表达有利于癌组织局部浸润,CD15s高表达有利于癌细胞血行转移,MMP-9及CD15s检测对临床诊治胃癌及判断预后具有一定意义。     

Antitumor effects of human interferon-alpha 2b secreted by recombinant bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine on bladder cancer cells

Objective:Our objective was to construct a recombinant bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine(rBCG) that secretes human interferon-alpha 2b(IFNα-2b) and to study its immunogenicity and in vitro antitumor activity against human bladder cancer cell lines T24 and T5637.Methods:The signal sequence BCG Ag85B and the gene IFNα-2b were amplified from the genome of BCG and human peripheral blood,respectively,by polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The two genes were cloned in Escherichia coli-BCG shuttle-vector pMV261 to obtain a new recombinant plasmid pMV261-Ag85B-IFNα-2b.BCG was transformed with the recombinant plasmid by electroporation and designated rBCG-IFNα-2b.Mononuclear cells were isolated from human peripheral blood(PBMCs) and stimulated with rBCG-IFNα-2b or wild type BCG for 3 d,and then cultured with human bladder cancer cell lines T24 and T5637.Their cytotoxicities were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay.Results:BCG was successfully transformed with the recombinant plasmid pMV261-Ag85B-IFNα-2b by electroporation and the recombinant BCG(rBCG-IFNα-2b) was capable of synthesizing and secreting cytokine IFNα-2b.PBMC proliferation was enhanced significantly by rBCG-IFNα-2b,and the cytotoxicity of PBMCs stimulated by rBCG-IFNα-2b to T24 and T5627 was significantly stronger in comparison to wild type BCG.Conclusions:A recombinant BCG,secreting human IFNα-2b(rBCG-IFNα-2b),was constructed successfully and was superior to control wild type BCG in inducing immune responses and enhancing cytotoxicity to human bladder cancer cell lines T24 and T5637.This suggests that rBCG-IFNα-2b could be a promising agent for bladder cancer patients in terms of possible reductions in both clinical dosage and side effects of BCG immunotherapy.     

大鼠胃经声学定位线的形态学研究

对6只雌性Wistar大鼠胃经循经高振动声（PAP）线肌层中结缔组织复合体（CTC）进行的形态学研究发现，CTC结构中有神经和血管的存在。CTC具有普遍性、连续性、网络联系的特点，并且与PAP的发声有密切关系。CTC结构还有一定的立体空间区域。     

食管癌组织中Survivin和Ki67的表达及临床意义

目的:观察Survivin和Ki67在食管鳞癌中的表达,并探讨Survivin与Ki67的表达关系及其临床意义.方法:应用免疫组织化学法检测70例食管鳞癌组织石蜡切片Survivin和Ki67的表达,分析Survivin表达与临床病理因素及Ki67的关系.结果:Survivin在食管鳞癌组织中的表达率为72.9%(51/70),Ki67在食管鳞癌组织中的表达率为67.1%(47/70).Survivin表达和Ki67表达与食管鳞癌分化程度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期明显相关(P＜0.05).Survivin表达和Ki67表达呈正相关(P＜0.05).结论:Survivin和Ki67可作为判断食管癌组织恶性程度和预后的指标之一.     

乳腺癌细胞粘附分子CD_(15)的表达及其与预后因素的关系

应用免疫组化SP法对94例乳腺癌、41例乳腺良性病变和10例正常乳腺组织进行了细胞粘附分子CD_(15)检测。结果发现,CD_(15)。在乳腺癌和乳腺良性病变的阳性率分别为79.8％和58.3％,两者有显著差异性(P<0 01),10例正常乳腺组织仅4例呈CD_(15)弱阳性反应。CD_(15)表达与患者年龄和肿瘤大小无显著关系。CD_(15)表达阳性率在浸润性导管癌中显著高于单纯癌(P<0.05),组织学Ⅱ～Ⅲ级显著高于Ⅰ级者(P<0.05),临床Ⅲ一Ⅳ期显著高于Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期者(P<0.05),淋巴结转移阳性组显著高于阴性组(P<0.01)。在一组原发部位和淋巴结转移性乳腺癌配对标本中,CD_(15)表达无明显差异性。CD_(15)阳性的乳腺癌Cath-D和c-erbB-2的表达阳性率均显著高于CD_(15)阴性者(P<0.001)。结果提示,CD_(15)的表达与乳腺癌的发生发展、浸润转移及预后有密切关系。