Effect of Dental Course Cycle on Anatomical Knowledge and Dental Carving Ability of Dental Students

This study assessed the effect of the course cycle on theoretical knowledge of dental morphology and the dental carving ability of dental students. Thirty-two dental students from the third semester (initial cycle) and 30 students from the eighth and tenth semesters of the dental course (end cycle) had their theoretical knowledge on dental morphology assessed using a questionnaire with ten closed questions. Their dental carving ability was also assessed using wax carvings in macro models of plaster (for the third [S3] and eight [S8] semesters) and natural-sized artificial teeth (for the tenth [S10] semester). The teeth chosen for the dental carving activity were #16 and #47. The scores were statistically analyzed using the t-test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Mann–Whitney test (α = 0.05). Students from the initial cycle presented better theoretical knowledge than the other groups did (P < 0.007). No significant differences in carving score were found between the initial and end cycles (P > 0.05), although S10 students obtained a higher score for teeth #16 and #47 (P < 0.05). Natural-sized artificial teeth received a higher evaluation score in dental carvings than the macro models (P < 0.001). Within the limits of this study, it was possible to conclude that students from the initial cycle (S3) presented higher theoretical knowledge, whereas no difference in carving ability was observed between the initial and end cycles. The tenth semester (S10) students performed dental carvings with better quality. Furthermore, carvings in natural-sized artificial teeth presented better quality compared with the macro models.     

科技助力智能健身:发展机遇、实践经验与案例启示——基于乐刻运动的分析

运用案例分析、文献资料等研究方法,分析了科技助力智能健身的发展机遇以及乐刻运动对科技助力智能健身的实践经验与相关启示。研究表明:O2O健身模式、IOT智能设备、SAAS管理系统、大数据等科技都助力了智能健身的发展。乐刻运动更是利用O2O平台、大数据、新零售模式、智能运动设备、连锁+融资模式成为我国业内科技助力智能健身的典范。基于乐刻运动的案例分析,借鉴其实践经验,提出如下启示:线上线下双轮驱动,突破智能健身发展瓶颈;硬软件迭代升级,夯实智能健身发展基础;调整服务产业结构,延伸智能健身服务价值链;精准定位消费人群,实现健身消费升级。     

佛教对我国传统艺术的影响及作用

宗教作为一种文化现象,它的历史几乎与人类文化史一样久远。自古以来,佛教因为具有深奥的经教的历史文化,不仅丰富了传统艺术的内涵,而且还深深地影响着我们华夏民族文化及各个方面。从魏晋、南北朝到隋唐至宋元,在敦煌、龙门、云冈等地的石窟中,先人们创造了辉煌的“佛教艺术”和经典的集建筑、雕塑、绘画为一体的石窟艺术杰作,人们在其中产生强烈的情感上共鸣和震撼。“宗教艺术”是游离于此岸性与彼岸性之间,介于宗教与艺术之间的精神产品,兼而具有宗教与艺术的两种因素。     

徽州建筑中的木雕艺术

在徽州,木雕以它优美的形式附着于建筑物,成为优美的装饰。它的存在既是为了美化,给人以艺术的熏陶,陶治人们的情操,又要考虑实用,有利于建筑物和家具的坚实耐用,故在选择材料、确定内容、进行构图时,都要立足于装饰角度来思考题材的表现手法。     

国内首台MK3岩巷掘进机的使用与改进

通过对国内首台岩巷掘进机MK3的概况介绍以及在实际运行中常见问题的分析,结合岩巷综掘的特点,对此掘进机部分系统的设计与运行提出了改进方案,根据实践总结出提高此岩巷掘进机稳定性及施工效率的措施,从而为详细了解MK3掘进机及准备采用岩巷综合机械化掘进施工的矿井提供了借鉴作用和参考价值。     

宝黛初会与金玉之缘

宝、黛、钗是《红楼梦》的三位主人公 ,对三人的第一次相见作者都有精彩的描绘 ,宝、黛初会是一种笔墨 ,钗、玉相会又是另一副笔墨 ,而宝、黛、钗三人的一起登场便拉开了恋爱婚姻的帷幕 ,这两次初会对塑造人物形象无疑都是一次浓彩重笔的描写 ,尤其是摔玉和看玉的细节凸现了三人不同的性格特征     

Optimizing quality of dental carving by preclinical dental students through anatomy theory reinforcement

Knowledge of dental anatomy is of great importance in the practice of dentistry, especially in oral rehabilitation, because without this knowledge, professional practice is not possible. Dental carving plays a major role in training dental students as it develops their manual dexterity. This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the influence of didactic‐theoretical reinforcement on the theoretical and practical knowledge of dental anatomy of preclinical students by examining the quality of the anatomical restorations performed by these students before and after a didactic‐theoretical reinforcement. For the evaluation of theoretical knowledge, a questionnaire with closed questions about dental anatomy was used. To evaluate the effect of didactic reinforcement on dental carvings, two groups of 15 preclinical students were assessed. Experimental group (G1) received a three‐hour theoretical tutoring on dental anatomy, while the control group (G2) did not. The dental carving scores obtained by the two different groups were compared using Student's t‐test. Cohen's d was used to estimate the effect sizes between groups. The frequency of correct answers given for each theoretical knowledge question was compared in each group using Fisher's exact test. T‐test was also used to compare the means of the two groups' final scores of theoretical evaluations. To compare these final scores obtained in both carving and theoretical tests, a principal component analysis was performed with different items assessed in each test to obtain factor loading scores and a final weighted score, where factor loadings were considered for each item. Weighted scores were compared using t‐test. Also, scores obtained during the head and neck course were assessed and compared using t‐test. Spearman's correlation test was used to assess the correlation between scores obtained prior to the anatomy course and scores obtained in the dental carving exercise. The theoretical evaluation revealed no significant difference between the grades (mean ± SD) of G1 (85.1 ± 6.6%) and G2 (86.2 ± 9.1%) with the grades of a baseline test that was previously obtained when students submitted to the study (P = 0.725). Regarding the tooth carving assessment, the dental carving quality by students of G1 has significantly improved, except for tooth #23 (P = 0.096). Theoretical reinforcement of dental anatomy seems to improve the students' carving performance but does not enhance their knowledge about dental anatomy. Anat Sci Educ 11: 377–384. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists.     

羌人白石神信仰与祭山会

羌族白石神信仰与祭山会是羌族文化中风俗与礼仪的重要部分,也是羌民族宗教信仰中很独特的祭祀文化,通过对该文化的了解,不仅可以研究羌族历史的发展,而且对研究整个中华民族的发展史都有重要的参考作用。     

朱熹与《石鼓书院记》

石鼓书院是中国历史上盛名天下的“四大书院”之一。宋代大儒朱熹对石鼓书院的发展有着突出贡献。他虽然没有亲临石鼓书院讲学,但他的《石鼓书院记》却让“石鼓有声于天下”。     

现代信息技术是教育技术装备现代化的基石

现代信息技术更新了教育理念，为教育技术装备创建了崭新的模式，并为不断优化教育技术资源提供了强大的动力，是教育技术装备现代化的基石。