海滩溢油的微生物降解菌株筛选与特性研究

从青岛石化输油管道爆炸污染的海滩中分离出17株石油降解菌,其中4株Z1、Z2、Z3和Z4降解能力较强,经鉴定分别属于假单胞菌、不动杆菌、红平红球菌和茅孢杆菌.研究了菌株的生长特性与其降解石油能力的关系,表明菌株的降解能力与生物量之间呈相关性.数据表明溢油前四天微生物的降解率最高,经过10天的降解,有三株降解率高达76％以上,其中红平红球菌降解率最高达到79.39％.     

基于技术预见视角的共性技术筛选实证研究

从技术预见视角出发,运用扎根理论和文献分析法,构建了共性技术初步筛选的指标体系,确立6个一级指标,21个二级指标,并通过德尔菲法确定各个指标的权重。进而选择TOPSIS评价模型作为筛选共性技术的方法,且对4个先进制造领域的共性技术进行了实例应用。研究得到了可行的共性技术筛选的模型和方法,并表明经济效益、社会效益中的商业化能力、潜在市场规模与改善环境质量等指标,在共性技术的筛选中更加重要,权重应偏大。     

Biomechanical analysis of the different classifications of the Functional Movement Screen deep squat test

The purpose of this study is to examine the peak sagittal plane joint angles and joint moments of the lower extremity during the deep squat (DS) movement of the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) to assess differences between the classifications (1,2,3). Twenty-eight participants volunteered for the study and were screened to assess their FMS score on the DS task. All participants underwent a quantitative movement analysis performing the FMS DS movement at a self-selected speed. The participants in Group 3 exhibited greater dorsiflexion excursion compared to those in Group 1. Participants in Group 3 had greater peak knee flexion and knee flexion excursion than those in Group 2 who exhibited more than the participants in Group 1. Group 3 also exhibited a greater peak knee extension moment compared to Group 1. At the hip, Groups 3 and 2 exhibited greater peak hip flexion, hip flexion excursion and peak hip extension moment compared to Group 1. Thus, it appears that individuals who score differently on the deep squat as determined by the FMS exhibit differences in mechanics that may be beneficial in assessing strategies for interventions. Future research should assess how fundamental changes in mobility and stability independently affect DS performance.     

Family contributions to sport performance and their utility in predicting appropriate referrals to mental health optimization programmes

ABSTRACT

Limited research has examined the contributions of sport-specific family relationship problems to athlete mental health. In the current study we examined the extent to which collegiate athletes’ family problems (as measured by the Student Athlete Relationship Instrument factors, SARI) predict athletes’ general mental health distress and specific mental health symptoms that are relatively common in athletes (i.e. depression, anxiety, and drug and alcohol use). The study included 85 collegiate athletes (intramural, n?=?26; club sport, n?=?12; NCAA Division I, n?=?47). We hypothesized that both general mental health distress and commonly evidenced mental health symptoms would be predicted by athletes’ responses to the SARI factors (Poor Relationship and Lack of Support, General Pressure, Pressure to Quit or Continue Unsafely, Embarrassing Comments, and Negative Attitude). Results indicated that all of the aforementioned SARI factors predicted athletes’ ratings of depression and general mental health distress levels. Only the General Pressure SARI factor predicted athletes’ anxiety and drug use. Alcohol use was not predicted by any of the SARI factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses indicated that sport-specific problems in family relationships provided a good classification of athletes at risk for general mental health distress, depression, and anxiety. Practice implications are discussed in light of the results.     

淀粉酶产生菌的分离筛选

从大米厂、淀粉厂周边环境土壤中筛选到三株产淀粉酶能力较强的菌株Jz1、Jz2、Jz3。经形态特征及染色等初步鉴定,菌株Jz1和Jz3为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus),菌株Jz2为短小杆菌属(Curtobacterium)。采用YoungJ.Y00改良法测定此三株菌株的淀粉酶活力分别为47.29 U/mL、48.48 U/mL、49.74 U/mL,具有较好的应用潜力。     

豆豉中蛋白酶高产菌筛选及产酶条件的研究

为了提高微生物蛋白酶的发酵水平,从豆豉中筛选蛋白酶高产菌株并研究其产酶条件。采用平板透明圈法和摇瓶发酵法进行筛选,获得一株蛋白酶高产菌株DC17。通过菌体形态观察、生理生化特征分析和16S rDNA鉴定,菌种DC17被鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌。利用小型发酵罐对菌株DC17进行蛋白酶发酵研究,确定了最佳的碳源、氮源、温度、pH及时间分别是可溶解性淀粉、牛肉膏、30℃、7.0和36 h。在最佳条件下,发酵液中的蛋白酶活力可达950 U/mL。     

Community Childcare Providers’ Role in the Early Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorders

The first few years of life represent a crucial period for optimal brain development for young children. Therefore, it is important to identify children at-risk for developmental delays, including autism spectrum disorders, at the earliest age possible. An argument for utilizing community childcare providers for universal developmental screening is presented along with suggestions for assessment tool selection and a model for developmental monitoring in community childcare settings.     

从筛选假设理论看我国教育高消费现象

通过分析当今中国普遍存在的教育高消费现象,认为教育高消费已成为中低收入家庭致贫的首要原因。运用筛选假设理论对教育高消费现象进行解释,提出解决教育高消费问题之对策即提高学校教育质量,树立理性教育消费观,转变企业用人观和个人择业观,促进困家经济发展以缓解就业压力。     

Predictive assessment of reading

Study 1 retrospectively analyzed neuropsychological and psychoeducational tests given to N=220 first graders, with follow-up assessments in third and eighth grade. Four predictor constructs were derived: (1) Phonemic Awareness, (2) Picture Vocabulary, (3) Rapid Naming, and (4) Single Word Reading. Together, these accounted for 88%, 76%, 69%, and 69% of the variance, respectively, in first, third, and eighth grade Woodcock Johnson Broad Reading and eighth grade Gates-MacGinitie. When Single Word Reading was excluded from the predictors, the remaining predictors still accounted for 71%, 65%, 61%, and 65% of variance in the respective outcomes. Secondary analyses of risk of low outcome showed sensitivities/specificities of 93.0/91.0, and 86.4/84.9, respectively, for predicting which students would be in the bottom 15% and 30% of actual first grade WJBR. Sensitivities/specificities were 84.8/83.3 and 80.2/81.3, respectively, for predicting the bottom 15% and 30% of actual third grade WJBR outcomes; eighth grade outcomes had sensitivities/specificities of 80.0/80.0 and 85.7/83.1, respectively, for the bottom 15% and 30% of actual eighth grade WJBR scores. Study 2 cross-validated the concurrent predictive validities in an N=500 geographically diverse sample of late kindergartners through third graders, whose ethnic and racial composition closely approximated the national early elementary school population. New tests of the same four predictor domains were used, together taking only 15 minutes to administer by teachers; the new Woodcock-Johnson III Broad Reading standard score was the concurrent criterion, whose testers were blind to the predictor results. This cross-validation showed 86% of the variance accounted for, using the same regression weights as used in Study 1. With these weights, sensitivity/specificity values for the 15% and 30% thresholds were, respectively, 91.3/88.0 and 94.1/89.1. These validities and accuracies are stronger than others reported for similar intervals in the literature.     

Logistic回归与ROC曲线在甘肃省高校学生人群超重/肥胖筛查中的应用

探讨Logistic回归与Roc曲线在甘肃省高校学生人群超重/肥胖筛查中的可行性。综合运用Logistic与Roc曲线筛查甘肃省高校学生人群超重/肥胖是可行的,年龄、是否经常吃零食、吃饭速度、是否吃经常吃夜宵、每天静坐时间5个生活方式指标综合预测模型具有较好的预测效果。