SBA-15固载离子液体催化合成碳酸丙烯酯的研究

采用原位合成法和后嫁接法将[SiPMIm] Cl固载在SBA-15材料上,制得SBA-15固载离子液体催化剂SBA-15-[SiPMIm] Cl.用N2吸附-脱附、透射电镜、小角X射线衍射和红外光谱等手段表征催化剂,并考察其在CO2与环氧丙烷（PO）环加成合成碳酸丙烯酯（PC）反应中的催化性能.结果表明：固载等量离子液体后,原位合成法制备的SBA-15固载离子液体催化剂体系对CO2环加成合成PC反应的催化活性优于后嫁接法制备的SBA-15固载离子液体催化剂体系.在最优工艺条件下,PO的转化率高达52.8％,且反应后催化剂经过滤即可分离回收利用,多次使用仍保持较高的反应活性.     

甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合改性重质碳酸钙的研究

利用单因素实验探讨甲基丙烯酸甲酯MMA聚合改性重质碳酸钙,用正交试验进行优化,并对改性前后重质碳酸钙性能表征。结果表明,甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合改性碳酸钙的最优化工艺条件为液固比（TBT）：（MMA）：（CaCO3）＝1：10：100,引发剂偶氮二异丁腈AIBN 的用量为液固比（AIBN）：（MMA）＝20％,活化温度75℃,活化时间4h。在此条件下,改性重质碳酸钙沉降体积为0．96mL/g ,吸油值为18．90mL/100g ,粘度为120．00mPa ．s ,pH值为8．23。电镜分析表明重质碳酸钙经M M A改性后表面包覆聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯PM M A。     

Magnesium isotope geochemistry of the carbonate-silicate system in subduction zones

The lighter magnesium (Mg) isotopic signatures observed in intraplate basalts are commonly thought to result from deep carbonate recycling, provided that the sharp difference in Mg isotopic composition between surface carbonates and the normal mantle is preserved during plate subduction. However, deep subduction of carbonates and silicates could potentially fractionate Mg isotopes and change their chemical compositions. Subducting silicate rocks that experience metamorphic dehydration lose a small amount of Mg, and preserve the original Mg isotopic signature of their protoliths. When the dehydrated fluids dissolve carbonate minerals, they may evolve into lighter Mg isotopic compositions. The solubility of carbonate minerals in fluids decreases in the order of calcite, aragonite, dolomite, magnesite and siderite, leading to selective and partial dissolution of carbonate minerals along the subduction path. At the island arc depth (70–120 km), the metamorphic fluid dissolves mainly Mg-poor calcites, and thus the fluid has difficulty modifying the Mg isotopic system of the mantle wedge and associated arc basalts. At the greater depth of the back arc system or continental margin (>150 km), the supercritical fluid can dissolve Mg-rich carbonate minerals, and its interaction with the mantle wedge could significantly imprint the light Mg isotopic signature onto the mantle rocks and derivatives. Meanwhile, the carbonate and silicate remaining within the subducting slab could experience elemental and isotopic exchange, during which the silicate can obtain a light Mg isotopic signature and high CaO/Al₂O₃, whereas the carbonates, particularly the Ca-rich limestone, shift Mg isotopes and MgO contents towards higher values. If this isotopic and elemental exchange event occurs widely during crustal subduction, subducted Ca-rich carbonates can partially transform into being Mg-rich, and a portion of recycled silicates (e.g. carbonated eclogites) can have light Mg isotopic composition alongside carbonates. Both serve as the low-δ²⁶Mg endmember recycled back into the deep mantle, but the latter is not related to deep carbonate recycling. Therefore, it is important to determine whether the light Mg isotopic signatures observed in intraplate basalts are linked to deep carbonate recycling, or alternatively, recycling of carbonated eclogites.     

高纯碳酸锶纳米粉体制备的新工艺研究

以八水氢氧化锶和二氧化碳为原料，开发了在超重力旋转床反应器中直接碳化合成高纯纳米碳酸锶新工艺，对反应物浓度、旋转速度和表面活性剂添加量等影响因素进行了研究，结果表明，控制适当的工艺条件，可得到平均粒径小于80mm、主含量大于99％，比表面积大于14m^2／g的产品。     

三种化肥对除草剂氯磺隆降解的影响

通过砂培实验探讨了Ca(H2PO4)2、NH4HCO3、(NH2)2CO对氯磺隆降解的影响．实验中用直接气相色谱检测氯磺隆．结果表明：Ca(H2PO4)2的加入使砂样呈酸性，促进氯磺隆的降解，降解曲线遵从抛物线方程；而NH4HCO3的加入使砂样呈碱性，阻碍氯磺隆的降解，降解曲线同样遵从抛物线方程．砂样添加尿素后，氯磺隆高浓度组中氯磺隆的降解曲线遵从抛物线方程，半衰期为30．5天；氯磺隆低浓度组中氯磺隆降解曲线先迅速下降，然后上升，在20天左右出现一顶峰，最后缓慢下降．理论分析认为，这是因为氯磺隆与尿素先形成结合态形式，使可测定氯磺隆浓度迅速下降，然后在微生物等原因的作用下又逐渐破坏其结合，使氯磺隆又释放出来；高浓度组形成的结合态浓度相对较低，不足以显现下凹趋势，只表现出降解曲线平缓．尿素与氯磺隆形成结合态，可能对后茬作物造成危害，应引起高度重视．     

胃蛋白酶诱导碳酸钙结晶的研究

钙盐通常出现在各种类型的胆结石中。基质蛋白质被公认为生物矿化的重要因素。许多研究表明蛋白质在胆结石的形成过程中起到了非常重要的作用,为此选用了胃蛋白酶作为添加剂在仿生物环境的条件下诱导碳酸钙的生成,更有利于研究胆结石中碳酸钙形成的可能机理。FT-IR,XRD和SEM测试结果表明,不同浓度的胃蛋白酶诱导了不同形貌的碳酸钙的生成,但这些结晶都属于方解石型碳酸钙。     

一起因硬度指标改变导致自来水水质异常的调查报告

对水源水和末梢水供水系统布点采样，按照GB 5750-85生活饮用水标准检验方法进行检验；结果显示因供水水源的更换，新供水系统总硬度指标显著变化，导致口感差异；因此，加强集中式供水水质监测，及时掌握水质动态，对于保障饮水安全非常必要。     

从废旧锌锰电池中制取碳酸锰的工艺研究

通过对浸取液的种类、浓度、用量和浸泡时间进行对比实验,得出了从废旧锌锰干电池中制取碳酸锰的最佳工艺条件：在常温下,取5．0g碳包,用35 mL 4 mol·L^-1盐酸浸泡18h,再用1：6氨水除去溶液中的铁,滤液加入碳酸钠溶液调pH为7～8,水浴除去二氧化碳,抽滤得到碳酸锰,产率为69．58％,纯度为91．64％。     

碳酸镍协同阻燃聚丙烯的热降解行为

碳酸镍对多聚磷酸蜜胺（MPP）和笼状季戊四醇磷酸酯（PEPA）复配阻燃聚丙烯体系具有较好的阻燃协同作用。采用TGA、FTIR研究了碳酸镍（NC）对阻燃聚丙烯的热降解行为,并用Flynn-Wall方法模拟体系的热降解动力学。TGA测试表明NC能有效地增加材料的残炭含量;FTIR和热降解活化能分析结果表明在降解过程中,NC能促使材料生成更多的P—O—C和P—O—P的交联结构,并提高材料的热降解活化能。