我国图书馆员职业能力要素实证分析

[目的/意义]确立我国图书馆员职业能力要素,为评估国内图书馆员职业能力提供参考。[方法/过程]在归纳我国图书馆员职业能力要素的基础上,通过问卷调查数据进行实证分析,最终确定我国图书馆员职业能力要素。[结果/结论]我国图书馆员职业能力由13个一级要素和114个二级要素组成,它们可组成图书馆员职业能力评价指标体系,其中一级要素包括职业素养、组织管理能力、自我管理能力、信息服务能力、用户服务能力、馆藏管理能力、知识管理能力、学习能力、技术能力、合作能力、教学培训能力、学术交流能力、财产管理能力。     

PISA truth effects: the construction of low performance

This article seeks to unpack the taken-for-granted notion of low performance, arguing that performance and competency are not a given categories; rather they are “objects-for-thought” that receive their discursive and material contours through a chain of translations. As suggested previously by Gorur, PISA is analyzed through the lens of Latourian Science and Technology Studies. The arguments in this article are based on an analysis of situations constructed to observe how performance is enacted in socio-material practice, as 15-year-old students collaboratively solve PISA scientific-literacy items. As background a text analysis, concerning how scientific literacy and performance are discursively constructed in various PISA materials, is reported. We suggest the notion of ‘competency’ be linked to the historical event of trying to start to detect it and argue that PISA results are products of the situated adjustments that are enacted by students and items created in the very moments of scientific measurement.     

How autonomy support mediates the relationship between self-efficacy and approaches to learning

Abstract

The significant interplay between self-efficacy, autonomy support and approaches to learning in adolescent students is widely recognized. However, less is known about whether substantial differences exist between early and middle adolescent students from schools with different environments. To close this research gap, this study used latent mean comparison and multigroup structural equation modeling with questionnaire data from a sample of German adolescent students (N?=?1153; M_AgeT1?=?13.97, SD = 1.37; M_AgeT2?=?14.27, SD = 1.25) in two waves. Multigroup structural equation modeling reveals that autonomy functions as a mediator in the association between self-efficacy and approaches to learning only for students from schools with a student-centered learning environment based on competence-matrices in contrast to a teacher-directed learning environment, particularly for early adolescent students. More specifically, adolescents’ approaches to learning can be enhanced through autonomy-supportive learning independently of their self-efficacy.     

Exploring youth development through an environmental education program for rural indigenous women

Youth development (YD) is receiving increased attention in environmental education (EE), yet faces critiques including lack of attention to cultural competency and structural barriers. We explore YD outcomes of the EE program “Women, Agroecology, and Leadership for Conservation,” which engages young Q’eqchi’ Maya women in Guatemala in learning about sustainable agroecology practices, women’s rights to make reproductive and educational choices, and environmental stewardship. Results show participants gain assets, including knowledge related to agriculture and stewardship, agency to pursue their schooling, and the ability to contribute to their communities. These results are examined through the lens of programs occurring in a rural, indigenous context. We explore challenges and opportunities related to the setting, including gender roles, cultural traditions, and land pressure.     

能力本位教育与加强实践教学和实训基地建设

我国职业教育目标由知识本位转向能力本位教育,这就要求实践教学成为高职院校的主体教学之一,对大多数高职院校而言,从理论教学为主体教学转变到实践教学为主体教学,将成为一段时间内教学改革的中心任务,实训基地建设应当作为改革的突破口加强建设。     

Comparison of athletic movement between elite junior and senior Australian football players

This study compared the athletic movement skill between elite Under-18 (U18) Australian football (AF) and senior Australian Football League (AFL) players. The U18 sample (n = 13; 17.7 ± 0.6 years) were representatives of an elite talent development programme. The AFL players were classified accordingly; Group 1 (1–4 AFL seasons; n = 20; 21.2 ± 1.9 years) and Group 2 (>5 AFL seasons; n = 14; 26.3 ± 2.6 years). Participants performed an athletic movement skill assessment, inclusive of five foundational movements. Each movement was scored across three assessment points using a three-point scale. Total score for each movement (maximum of nine) and overall score (maximum of 63) were used as criteria. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to test the effect of developmental group (three levels) on the criteria. Receiver operating curves were built to examine the discriminant capability of the overall score. A significant effect of developmental group was noted, with the U18 sample having a lower mean total score for four of the five movements. Overall scores of 49/63 and 50/63 discriminated the elite U18 sample from Group 1 and Group 2, respectively. U18 players may have less developed athletic movement skills when compared to their senior AFL counterparts.     

职业素质测评的发展述评

伴随着20世纪20年代心理测验运动的大力发展,职业素质测评便逐渐成为人力资源开发与管理的重要组成部分,在各类人才选拔和评价中发挥着重要的作用。作为一项核心内容,职业素质测评工具的研制得到了研究者们的高度重视,其从本质上包括综合型和单项型两类工具。未来职业素质测评发展应特别关注传统编制思路的改革和关键技术问题的解决这两个与工具研制有关的内容。     

研学旅行:培育学生核心素养的重要路径

研学旅行作为一种新的综合实践活动课程,契合了学生发展核心素养的主题要义,有利于夯实学生的文化基础,促进学生自主发展,推动学生社会参与。基于研学旅行培育学生核心素养,可通过主题统整多学科课程资源、革新传统学习方式和课堂形态、提升学生自主管理意识和能力等途径来实现。     

地理课堂教学目标设计水平评价指标体系的构建

课堂教学目标设计水平的评价是深化教学目标设计的前提,定量的评价能够使教学目标设计研究以科学化的路径开展。以实证研究的技术路线研制出包含准备、结构、内容、资源和表述5个一级指标和11个二级指标的地理课堂教学目标设计水平评价指标体系,并开发出二级指标5级量表的评价标准。指标体系关注了核心素养目标,提出了"新三维"的目标表达方式。指标体系和评价标准的试用检验了其适应性,并发挥了提升地理教学目标设计水平的作用。     

致力于素养培育的深度学习:理念与模式

作为教育转型目标的核心素养应和了学习学术教育理念的新境界,开启了致力于素养培育的深度学习研究新思路。学习科学对深度学习的无限探索触碰了教学理念与课堂结构的敏感神经,核心素养催生了深度学习的内涵重构,学习学术奠基了深度学习的模式变革,最终缔造了核心素养与学习学术得以实现的完美路径。同时,也为破解核心素养、学习学术与深度学习如何与学生的课堂学习达到共生提供了新视角。