图书情报学研究生课程设置的调研与实践(Ⅱ)

以美国7所大学图书信息管理学院和中国10所大学图情院系的课程设置为调研对象,通过对调研结果的比较分析,借鉴国内外经验,结合本单位教学资源,确定了课程调整基本原则,形成了较为优化的课程设置框架。同时,对培养目标和研究方向进行了简要阐述。     

论中国典籍英译的三个取向——以译《徐霞客游记》为例

徐霞客是我国古代杰出的旅行家、地质学家、文学家。《徐霞客游记》具有极高的文学价值和科学价值。它不仅篇幅宏达,而且内容极其丰富,记载了他对我国著名大河的源头、走向、水文、水系的考察,植物种群及其分布以及发生改变的原因,尤其是有关石灰岩溶蚀地貌的记载具有极高的科学价值,比欧洲人对此类地貌的科学考察要早一百多年。《徐霞客游记》是我国,乃至世界历史上一份无比珍贵的重要地理文献。将其翻译成英文,对弘扬中国传统文化是非常重要的。在翻译《徐霞客游记》的过程中,作者总结出典籍英译的三个取向,希望能对从事典籍英译的人们和典籍英译爱好者有所启示。     

新时期我国教育政策的价值取向

价值是事物存在的内在尺度。作为一种价值性的实践,教育政策的制定和执行必须基于鲜明的价值取向,唯有如此,方能以正确的价值观念来规范教育实践,指引教育事业向着好的方向发展。基于教育实践活动的性质和当前我国教育发展所存在的现实问题,新时期我国的教育政策应该确立以下价值取向:以人为本、公共性和正义的观念。     

Students' perfectionistic profiles: Stability,change, and associations with achievement goal orientations

In this study, we examined what kind of perfectionistic profiles (i.e., different patterns of perfectionistic strivings and concerns) can be identified among general upper‐secondary school students, how stable those profiles are over the school year, and how they are connected with students' motivation (i.e., achievement goal orientations). Four distinct profiles were identified. Students with high strivings and low concerns had their focus mainly on mastery, while students with an opposite profile emphasized performance‐avoidance and work‐avoidance orientations. Students with high strivings and concerns favored both performance‐ and mastery‐related goals, whereas students characterized by low strivings and low concerns did not display a dominant tendency toward any orientation. Perfectionistic profiles were relatively stable over time, with the majority of students reporting similar tendencies across the measurements, and with no extreme changes observed. Some indications of more students displaying less adaptive perfectionistic tendencies by the end of the school year were nevertheless found. Our findings demonstrate not only stability in perfectionistic tendencies, but also their motivational relevance in the academic context where students' goals and performance concerns play an important role.     

邓小平教育理论与电大办学实践——纪念邓小平批准创办电大30周年

本文通过电大的办学实践，阐明电大的诞生是伟人的一项创举，是邓小平教育理论的一项伟大实践。我们要继续以邓小平理论指导电大的改革发展。坚持质量第一，打造电大品牌；坚持开放办学，强化电大特色；坚持以人为本，造就电大名师；坚持“三个面向”，发展电大教育。     

Embodied Cognition: Somatic Markers, Purposes and Emotional Orientations

We describe the “somatic marker hypothesis” proposed by Damasio (1996) to account for the ability of most people to make decisions quickly and continually in the course of their lives. We relate this hypothesis to two other theoretical constructs, emotional orientations and purposes, which we have used in our research on students' reasoning and teachers' decision making. Given that somatic markers are a part of unconscious mental activity, they cannot be observed by introspective reflection. How then can we research something we cannot see? Beginning with the hypothesis that somatic markers influence actions, we observe, particularly, the actions of student teachers, teachers and children in mathematics classrooms at points where they make decisions. This process is illustrated through examples both of teaching and learning in mathematics, and through the account (see Op't Eynde and Hannula, this issue) of ‘Frank’ reflecting on his decision-making in mathematical activity. We use the case of Frank to illustrate some differences between viewing mathematical activity from our perspective and from those of some other contributors to this special issue. The connections between emotional orientations, somatic markers and purposes are further illustrated by two examples drawn from our research into teacher development and students' reasoning processes.     

On the many metaphors of learning … and their associated educational frames

Current landscapes of curriculum discourse and educational practice are examined by focusing on co-evolutions of metaphors for knowledge, learning and teaching across four prominent ‘frames’—namely, Standardized Education, Authentic Education, Democratic Citizenship Education and Systemic Sustainability Education. It is argued that these frames become compelling and resilient (or repulsive and nonsensical)—not because of what they explicitly assert, but because of the coherence of their implicit webs of vocabulary, metaphor, image and ideological association. While some of these frames/webs may be embraced as complementary, more often they are treated as conflicting or incoherent—in part, it would seem, because of tensions among their mainly implicit substrates of figurative association.     

关于法学教育的属性及其层次定位的探讨

对法学教育改革的有效路径的探讨与研究应从法学教育本身的基本属性入手。而法学教育本身具有的两个基本属性，即教育性和法律性，则决定了法学教育在办学机构、培养目标、人才素质等方面的层次定位应是高层次性。     

Knowing me,knowing you: UK and Japanese academic developer identities at two research-intensive institutions

In 2004, Ray Land produced extensive literature on the 12 orientations of academic developers. These orientations provided academic developers with a useful tool through which they have been able to better articulate their roles and their place in academia. We have used the orientations model to establish, compare, and contrast the identity of sixteen academic developers from the UK and from Japan. The findings reveal that research is a key orientation recognised by both groups, although is expressed differently by academic developers from the two countries. The political strategist orientation was considered important amongst managers irrespective of their cultural backgrounds.     

The Special Library on Campus

Abstract

A library and media center orientation program was developed for administrators, faculty and support staff after examining their information seeking behaviors, prior research, and demographics of this group. The goal of the orientation was to promote the library's and media center's services and resources; to encourage this user group to make use of them; and to teach the basic skills needed to address their information needs. This article includes a literature review; explanation of the processes involved in creating a library orientation program for this group; and discussion including ideas and thoughts as to where further research about this user group or library orientation programs might be beneficial.