普通高校体育课对大学生心肺功能影响的实验研究

运用文献资料法、教学实验法和数理统计法,就高校体育课对大学生心肺功能的影响进行实验研究.结果显示:体育课能有效改善大学生的心肺功能;情感策略教学方法对大学生的心功能改善具有明显的促进作用,对肺功能FVC、FEV1.0、MVV等指标也有一定程度的提高作用,虽然不具显著性,但比传统教学方法仍显示出较大的优势.建议高校体育教学改革要以“促进青少年身心健康、体魄强健”为方向,以提高大学生体质健康水平为基础目标,创新教学模式和方法,不断优化教学效果.     

我国大学生体质监测管理模式的重构

我国现行的大学生体质监测管理模式分为行政统筹型和高校自主型两类,其实效性明显不足,为实现管理工作的长效规范和切实增进大学生体质健康,迫切需要重构大学生体质监测管理模式.认为,应在现状基础上构建三级、分类、联网的大学生群体体质监测管理模式和标准化投入、规范化监测、人性化服务相结合的大学生个体体质监测管理模式,并在国家、省、高校之间规范机构设置,完善机构职能,建立质量评估体系,提高运行效率,完善保障措施,落实服务与干预,以促进大学生体质监测管理工作取得实效.     

HAPA理论背景下大学生锻炼行为与锻炼效果的干预研究

以健康行动过程取向理论为理论背景,对644名在校大学生进行教育干预实验研究.干预措施包括课堂和课下指导、微信等即时通信工具宣传、发放健康行为宣传册等,干预时间为10周.在干预前后共进行了两次问卷调查、三次身体素质测试.结果:①根据HAPA阶段划分,大学生大部分处于健康锻炼行为无意向和意向阶段,仅有14.1％处于行动阶段;②干预对大学生锻炼行为意向水平和体育锻炼等级具有积极影响;③干预对大学生身体素质整体水平有积极影响;④锻炼自我效能作为社会认知变量在健康行为过程取向理论的各个阶段都发挥重要作用.建议通过提高个体锻炼自我效能感和制订合适的锻炼计划增加大学生中参加有规律的体育锻炼人数比例.     

Learning and adaptation with regard to complementary medicine in a foreign context: Intercultural experiences of medical students from different cultural backgrounds

Little is known about challenges and transition that medical students from different cultural backgrounds face with regard to complementary medicine (CM). This paper explores such students’ experiences and perspectives of socio-cultural and academic difference with regard to CM and experiences of intercultural relations. Using a constructivist grounded theory approach, 30 in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with medical students across 10 Australian medical schools. The data were rigorously analysed through a systematic process of coding, categorisation and theoretical development. The findings indicate that students adapted considerably to the host culture. Students with Western backgrounds integrated better socio-culturally and academically compared to students with non-Western backgrounds. Although nationality represented cultural identity, students’ construction of cultural difference was informed by their perception of diverging value systems within the specific educational environment. These values were, in turn, reflected in students’ reported behaviours, attitudes, and levels of engagement in socio-cultural and academic aspects of university life. Adaptation employed by students was evidenced largely due to their conflicting sense of responsibility towards familial culture regarding CM and focus on fitting in. While students’ tendency to gravitate towards cultural peers was evident, most students adapted to their host environment regarding CM to fit into normal intercultural encounters during medical school. In conclusion, students’ intercultural contact with regard to CM was both complex and problematic. At a time of significant diversification within the higher education student body, this paper highlights the role medical education institutions can play in fostering intercultural and academic guidance and support.     

Kinship,Camaraderie and Contestation: Fāṭimid Relations with the Ashrāf in the Fourth/Tenth Century.

The founding of the Fā?imid caliphate across the southern Mediterranean, and then in Egypt, Syria and the ?ijāz at the turn of the fourth/tenth century, necessitated its negotiation with the ashrāf, those who claimed lineal descent from the Prophet Mu?ammad, and who by this time had gained significant influence as a social class based on their charismatic descent. While other dynastic powers fostered relationships with various members of the ashrāf, the Fā?imid–ashrāf dynamics were distinctive in that the Fā?imids legitimised their rule as Ismā?īlī Shī?ī imām-caliphs, based on their claim of descent from the Prophet Mu?ammad, and as the sole successors to his authority and leadership over the Islamic world. Consequently, Fā?imid–ashrāf relations were permeated by fraternal camaraderie as well as by competing contestations based on their shared claim to Prophetic lineage.     

体育专业与非体育专业大学生人际信任的比较研究

本研究以体育专业和非体育专业大学生为研究对象,采用肖水源编制的《社会支持评定量表》和人际信任问卷,对体育专业和非体育专业大学生社会支持、人际信任状况及社会支持与人际信任的关系进行研究,并探讨课余时间参加体育活动对社会支持、信任的影响,不仅有助于了解体育专业和非体育专业大学生人际信任现状,而且为大学生诚信教育和心理教育提供一定的理论参考。     

体育课满意度与农村初中生心理健康的关系研究

目的：考察农村初中生的心理健康状况以及体育课对农村初中生心理健康的影响．方法：采用《中学生心理健康量表》,对942名农村初中生（男492人,女553人）进行调查。结论：从总均分上看,心理正常者占30．38％,心理轻度异常者占61．48％,中度异常者占7．96％,农村初中生存在轻度心理健康问题者居多;通过检验发现,不同性别的心理健康问题之间存在差异;对学校体育课满意的学生与不满意的学生除在偏执因子上无显著性差异,在其它因子上均存在非常显著性差异。     

皖南地区聋生与健生身心健康状况比较分析

采用问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料等方法,对皖南地区聋生与健生身心健康状况进行比较、分析。结果显示：健生（除毕业年级外）的身体形态、身体机能、身体素质好于聋哑学生,但随着年龄的增长及受教育年限的增加,两者之间的差值逐渐减小,并有逐渐赶上之趋势;聋生心理健康状况低于健生,但健生的学习焦虑和自责倾向比聋生高。     

大学生心理健康水平与身体认知结构、体育锻炼的相关性研究

采用心理症状自评量表(SCL-90)、身体自尊量表、体育锻炼态度量表等,对大学生心理健康水平与身体认知结构和体育锻炼状况的相关性进行比较研究。结果表明:大学生的身体认知结构、体育锻炼态度、锻炼行为和心理健康状况之间存在较高程度的正相关性。     

普通小学女生合理运用投篮技术教学的实验研究

运用教学实验法,验证普通小学女生在学时较少的情况更适合采用双手胸前投篮技术教学,它比单手肩上投篮技术更能体现出技术上的优势,更符合小学女生的生理发育特点,学习效果明显优于单手肩上投篮技术,能有效地提高投篮的命中率,对培养小学女生篮球运动兴趣和终身体育意识具有重要的意义。