Dimensionality in Compensatory MIRT When Complex Structure Exists: Evaluation of DETECT and NOHARM

This study investigated the effect of complex structure on dimensionality assessment in compensatory multidimensional item response models using DETECT- and NOHARM-based methods. The performance was evaluated via the accuracy of identifying the correct number of dimensions and the ability to accurately recover item groupings using a simple matching similarity (SM) coefficient. The DETECT-based methods yielded higher proportion correct than the NOHARM-based methods in two- and three-dimensional conditions, especially when correlations were ≤.60, data exhibited ≤30% complexity, and sample size was 1,000. As the complexity increased and the sample size decreased, the performance of the methods typically diminished. The NOHARM-based methods were either equally successful or better in recovering item groupings than the DETECT-based methods and were mostly affected by complexity levels. The DETECT-based methods were affected largely by the test length, such that with the increase of the number of items, SM coefficients would decrease substantially.     

和平研究的方法论问题

和平研究在西方早已成为一门独立的学科,目前正引起中国学术界的热切关注。虽然和平研究作为新兴学科至今不过半个世纪,但是它已经具有了自己独特的研究方法。和平研究在方法论上是一门多学科的、多层面的、多文化的以及既是分析性的又是规范性的、既是理论性的又是实践性的学科。     

整体推进 纵深突破——刘生良《〈庄子〉文学研究》述评

刘生良《〈庄子〉文学研究》是一部集前贤研究之大成,又见攻坚开拓之功的力作。它以整体推进的开阔气象、纵深发掘的可喜突破、富于历史感的前瞻后顾,辅以在比较中揭示个性特征的方法,实践了对《庄子》进行文学研究的重要目标,在当今崇尚“文化”阐释、哲理思考、边缘探索的文学研究风潮中殊为难得。     

20世纪中国写作理论史研究的几个问题

《20世纪中国写作理论史》是现代写作学研究领域中的一中史学著作。它立足于世纪之末，千年之交，回眸一百来我国写作理论的变迁，试图以史为鉴，促进现代写作学的新发展。其超越前代的基本特征可以用“变革”二字加以概括。主要表现在以下5个方面：（1）文章功利性质的变革；（2）文章写作语言的变革；（3）文体地位的变革；（4）写作理论本体内涵的变革；（5）高科技发展和应用，促进了写作理论的变革。     

Teacher counter stories to a citizenship education mega policy narrative. Preparing for citizenship in Chile

The present article focuses on the counter stories of two Chilean social studies high school teachers. Counter stories describe how teachers use their professional experience to confront those mega narratives composed of dominant educational policies that impinge upon their pedagogical practices. The mega narrative described in this study as a citizenship education mega policy narrative is composed by citizenship educational guidelines that have become influenced by other market-driven educational policies, and is not only present in Chile but has also been influenced by policies coming from countries such as England and the US. Therefore, the discussions that emerge from these counter stories on the nature of this mega narrative and the ways through which teachers can confront it through their teaching, and the implications that all this has for the field of citizenship education, do not only fill a gap in Chilean research but also contribute to discussions on counter and mega narratives in the field of citizenship education within a wider international scope.     

合成芳香异氰酸酯最佳条件的探讨

采用Curtius重排反应，由芳酰氯和叠氮化钠合成芳香异氰酸酯的方法，分别研究了相转移催化剂，反应物料配比及反应温度对芳香异氰酸酯产率的影响，并由正交设计法确定最佳合成条件。     

Universities and the market economy: The differential impact on knowledge production in sociology and economics

Based on the conceptualframework of Pierre Bourdieu, this studycompares the impact of pressure to develop tieswith non-academic organisations on two fieldsof research, namely: sociology and economics.The study highlights the dynamics particular toeach discipline and shows that a soundunderstanding of transformations affectinguniversity research cannot exclude analysis ofthe specificity of each one. Two cohorts ofprofessors were studied in two Quebecuniversities: the first cohort was made up ofprofessors who received tenure between 1974 and1983, and the second between 1989 and 1998. Theresults suggest that pressures in favor ofpartnership with non-academic organisationshave not had the same impact in sociology andeconomics. While research practices haveundergone transformations in each discipline,the nature of these transformations differs inan important way. The results also contradicttwo popular models in knowledge productionstudies, which are the Entrepreneurial Science,and Mode 1/Mode 2 models. Although these modelsclaim that academic research orientation hasbecome geared towards problem-solving, ourresults indicate, however, that the oppositetrend has been taking place in sociology andeconomics.     

教师评价研究述评--兼论我国高校教师评价研究的迫切性

通过梳理教师评价研究的历史脉络,并对教师评价研究的总体状况进行评析,认为:教师评价研究的对象主要是中小学教师,由此也导致教师评价研究的内容多局限于教师教学水平评价,忽略了高校教师评价的特殊性;我国高校教师评价研究已经远远落后于现实要求,迫切需要从理论与实践两个层面进行拓展。     

Using PIAAC data to learn more about the literacy practices of adults

ABSTRACT

The present article connects a secondary analysis of quantitative data from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) with the theoretical approach of ‘literacy practices’ and related research results from the so-called New Literacy Studies (NLS) tradition, which follows a cultural practices paradigm.

According to the literacy as social practice approach, the analysis of adults’ literacy and numeracy practices could provide relevant policy information about how to address target groups in adult literacy and basic education. Thus, a Latent Class Analysis was carried out with the German PIAAC dataset in order to differentiate the adult population by their uses of literacy, numeracy and ICT.

As a result of this procedure, three subgroups of adults can be distinguished by the frequency in which they use selected skill-related activities. Surprisingly, an adult’s individual literacy level does not clearly predict group membership. A further interesting result is that participants in one of the groups seem to compensate for the few chances they have to use their skills at work by using them more often in their everyday life. Both results contribute to the need to draw a more differentiated picture of adults with lower literacy skills.