跨世纪文论话语的两难处境与重建吁求——解读《冲突与重建》的三个视点

中国现代文论的重建步履经过近一个世纪的积淀已日显成熟和厚重,但依然存在许多困难.其间,不乏东方与西方、传统与现代、全球化与本土化等等的冲突与两难抉择.而且,后现代主义带来的多元共生思潮和读图时代的迅猛君临,几乎颠覆了既有的话语方式与学科体系,我们确实面临着新的挑战.如何超越困境、重建文论话语体系,进而建立拥有当代发言权和世界影响力的具有中国特色的文艺理论学派?张荣翼新著《冲突与重建》从文论视野、本体辨认与建设立场等方面进行了跨世纪反思与重构.这或许正是我们应该努力的方向.     

A Review of Research on Technology-Assisted Teaching and Learning of Chinese as a Second or Foreign Language from 2008 to 2018

More and more studies are examining the use of technology in the teaching of Mandarin Chinese as a second or foreign language (L2 Chinese). The current study involved a systematic review of the literature in the field published outside China from 2008 to 2018. A total of 33 studies met the inclusion criteria. The current review study aimed: (1) to examine the research topics and technologies used in the literature; (2) to identify the benefits of, and challenges involved in, the use of technologies in L2 Chinese teaching and learning; and (3) to suggest implications for practitioners and directions for further research. The review study provides educators and researchers with an overview of recent developments in this field, which could be helpful in informing teaching practice and further research.     

寂处观群动,独立自吟诗--柳宗元在柳创作与佛学融摄

柳宗元在柳州的诗歌创作,一本其骚人本色,汲摄佛学苦空无常之旨与悲天悯人的救世情怀,开导出在道--自性的神韵中人、事、诗合一的主体生命性向,并以诗彰显其生命状态,充实并发展了中国古代"诗可以怨"的美学风旨,具有较高的文学审美认知价值.     

Qualitative review synthesis: the relationship between inattention and academic achievement

Background: A body of literature has emerged that links inattentive symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to poor academic achievement. Major variation across studies renders conclusions about this relationship complex.

Purpose: This review will provide a qualitative synthesis of these studies that (1) use community samples and (2) examine inattention as a separate dimension from hyperactivity/impulsivity. The aim of this review is to ascertain whether the relationship documented between inattention and academic outcomes in ADHD also holds for the dimensional trait of inattention as manifest in non-clinical community samples of children and adolescents, taking into consideration both academic achievement and academic performance across age.

Design and methods: A comprehensive search was carried out using two databases. The PRISMA guidelines were used to report the search steps. The QUIPS tool was used to rate the quality of studies, followed by a best evidence synthesis to summarise these results.

Results: Out of 1748 citations found, 27 articles met the specific inclusion criteria. Results point to a strong effect according to the best evidence synthesis: 7 studies that have low risk of bias found that teacher-rated inattention is significantly predicative of poor academic achievement in community samples of children.

Conclusions: This review provides support for a consistent, negative relationship between classroom inattention as reported by teachers and both standardised academic test achievement and classroom performance outcomes for children in preschool (moderate evidence), elementary school and longitudinally from elementary to high school. The average relationship was stronger when classroom performance was measured, as compared to standardised achievement. However, the quantitative strength of relationship has not been confirmed with a meta-analysis due to heterogeneity and too few high-quality studies identified. Variance across the studies in terms of the strength of association suggests that other unexamined factors (e.g. cognitive function or motivation) may be contributing to this relationship. Implications for educators and clinicians who work within the school setting are discussed.     

Narratives as Tools in Designing the School Chemistry Curriculum

This article is based on results from a research project which focused on chemistry teachers and student narratives from lived experience. The purpose was to find a way to make abstract chemistry more meaningful. The project began with six experienced teachers who used narratives and stories as a didactic tool. These narratives stemmed from the teachers individual lived experience and thus were designed differently. Later, interviews with students showed that five adult students and six younger students all appreciated the use of narratives as ameaning-making activity to help them grasp the abstract subject. The most interesting finding was that the students revealed several narratives from their own lives where the theories of chemistry played an important role in explaining events that otherwise had been mysterious to them. Thus the teachers and students showed that the ancient human method of sharing experience through narrative is still alive and useful in chemistry education.     

美国基于“标准”的地理教学设计案例评析——以“美国人口密度透视”为例

如何设计出基于标准的地理教学设计案例是目前我国地理教育界尤其是一线地理教师关注的焦点。美国伊利诺伊州教师设计的基于标准的"美国人口密度透视"案例具有注重内容的价值效应、突出教学目标的厘定、优化地理知识的建构、强化地理技能的培养、强调评价的标准参照以及重视知识的迁移应用等特点。它们对于我国正在进行的地理课程改革具有一定的启示和借鉴作用。     

论历史教学论的学科定位及研究范式

历史教学论要想摆脱目前的发展窘境,在教师教育发展中赢得一席之地,在学科定位上必须重新审视,将之界定为一门具有历史专业特点的教学理论;在研究内容上关注历史课程论问题,冲破狭隘的研究藩篱,拓展研究空间;在研究范式上超越低层次的经验总结或案例分析式的研究方法,走学术型历史教学研究之路。     

新古典主义时期的《失乐园》评论综述

约翰·弥尔顿的《失乐园》被视为英国诗歌史上的最宏伟的史诗性作品。新古典主义批评的主要代表人物对这部作品都发表了自己的见解,从而开创了《失乐园》的评论历程。德莱顿,着眼于《失乐园》与古希腊罗马史诗相比较,认为弥尔顿兼有荷马和维吉尔两人的优点;艾迪生就《失乐园》中的人物刻画、史诗的主题性质、诗人丰富的想象力给予了高度评价,同时他也指出了史诗中的不足;新古典主义批评的集大成者约翰逊全面肯定了史诗的道德意义及崇高的风格,但他认为弥尔顿的词汇乖癖、笨拙。这个时期的《失乐园》评论都是以新古典主义理论为根据的。     

生态价值：深化价值论研究的前沿视域

经济价值强势与生态价值弱势的长期并存,表征着传统价值论研究的固有理论缺失。工业文明以来日益严峻的“全球问题”,使生态价值凸显为价值论研究的前沿视域。从发生论的意义上说来,生态价值是入文价值的“母体”和人的生命之源;在环境伦理学视域内,人类主体和非人类生命体是同时并存的双重价值主体,二者均有其满足自身需要的价值“祈盼”;自然选择与人的实践活动是双重主体共存与双重价值共生的现实中介;坚持双重主体与双重价值的相依并存、和谐共生,是生态价值论研究的终极关怀。     

学校课程管理主体论的理论基础与意义建构

学校课程管理主体论是指学校以课程管理的主体性方式发挥与发展教育者和学习者主体性的观点和主张。以课程论审视,课程模式演进是其历史性渊源,当代主体课程观是其时代性依据,强化师生作用的课程政策趋向是其制度性要求。从本体功能和目的上看,学校课程管理是以发挥和发展教育者和学习者的主体性为目的的课程管理活动;从实现方式来说,作为发挥和发展人的主体性的课程管理活动自身应具有主体性;从运作过程来说,学校应当遵循主体性的课程管理原则。以课程管理的目的、内容、主体和方法为线索来考察,主体发展是学校课程管理的根本目的,全程全面是学校课程管理的内容表述,课程共有是学校课程管理的主体观念,复杂范式是学校课程管理的思维方式。