5-6岁幼儿社会观点采择能力对公平分配行为的影响

公平分配行为是幼儿道德发展水平参考指标,是研究者关注的热点问题。为探讨公平分配行为与社会观点采择能力、卷入水平的关系。选取5-6岁幼儿112 名,以张文新和林崇德标准化处理的测验任务为测量社会观点采择能力的工具进行研究。实验一采用李占星的独裁者游戏法,考察社会观点采择能力对幼儿公平分配行为的具体影响。实验二采用王斯和苏彦捷的故事情境法,考察卷入水平和社会观点采择能力对幼儿公平分配行为的具体影响。结果表明:社会观点采择能力对幼儿两种公平分配行为的影响有所不同,社会观点采择能力高的幼儿平均分配行为更高,按劳分配行为不受影响;卷入水平影响幼儿的公平分配行为,幼儿在卷入情境中公平分配行为更高。     

父亲对自身的角色态度与教养参与关系研究

采用访谈法对父亲对自身的角色态度及其与父亲教养参与之间的关联进行考察。质性分析的结果发现:父亲对自身的角色态度表现为具备一定的教养动机,认可自身教养价值,但认为缺乏教养天性,对教养技能的评价不高。父亲对自身角色态度的教养价值、教养动机及教养技能等维度既独立且相互作用着影响父亲的教养参与。教养动机、教养技能是其中重要的影响因素。促进父亲参与儿童早期教养,可以从调整父亲对自身教养价值的认知,提升教养技能和教养动机的方向入手。     

Neighborhood collective efficacy,parental spanking,and subsequent risk of household child protective services involvement

Children exposed to negative neighborhood conditions and parental spanking are at higher risk of experiencing maltreatment. We conducted prospective analyses of secondary data to determine the effects of neighborhood collective efficacy and parental spanking on household Child Protective Services (CPS) involvement, and whether spanking mediates the relationship between neighborhood collective efficacy and CPS involvement. The sample (N = 2,267) was drawn from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS), a stratified random sample of 4,789 births between 1998–2000 in 20 large U.S. cities. Logistic regression models were employed to test the effects of neighborhood collective efficacy and spanking at child age 3 on mother’s report of CPS contact during the subsequent two years. The product-of-coefficient approach was used to test the mediation hypothesis. One aspect of neighborhood collective efficacy (i.e., Social Cohesion/Trust) is associated with lower odds of CPS involvement (OR = .80, 95% CI 0.670–0.951) after controlling for Informal Social Control, parental spanking, and the covariates. Parental spanking predicts increased odds of CPS involvement during the next two years (OR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.001–1.898), net of neighborhood collective efficacy and the covariates. The mediation hypothesis is not supported. Promoting both cohesive and trusting relationships between neighbors and non-physical discipline practices is likely to reduce the incidence of household CPS involvement.     

Parental involvement and Chinese elementary students’ achievement goals: the moderating role of parenting style

Past research has revealed direct effects of parental involvement and parenting style on children’s achievement goals separately, however, it is necessary to investigate the interactive mechanism in an integrated way. This study examined the relations between children’s perception of different dimensions of parental involvement (i.e. home-based involvement, school-based involvement and academic socialisation) and their achievement goals, and the moderating role of parenting style (i.e. parental autonomy support vs. psychological control). Participants were 614 Chinese fourth and fifth grades students. Results showed that home-based involvement was positively associated with performance-approach goals, school-based involvement was positively associated with mastery goals, and academic socialisation was positively associated with both mastery and performance-approach goals. Parental psychological control moderated the relationships between performance-approach goals and two types of parental involvement: Academic socialisation and home-based involvement. These findings underscored the need of taking a multidimensional approach in conceptualising parental involvement, and that parental involvement should be expressed in an appropriate context of parenting style.     

知识型员工的工作不安全感:影响及控制手段

建立和证实组织应对工作不安全感及其消极后果的因果链,探究组织如何有效应对和控制工作不安全感及其消极后果。通过Lisrel和SPSS等软件对来自不同行业的219份有效问卷的实证分析表明,工作不安全感显著影响知识型员工的离职倾向和幸福感;工作不确定性会引发工作不安全感;组织发展性支持作为一项压力干预策略,能有效降低知识型员工的工作不安全感和工作不确定性;同时,工作不确定性和工作不安全感在组织发展性支持与知识型员工离职倾向和幸福感之间起连续中介作用。丰富了国内关于工作不安全感的研究,同时从组织关注和个体关注两方面分析工作不安全感的后果,为当前变化情境下的企业如何有效应对和管理知识型员工的工作不安全感提供管理借鉴。     

高等职业教育机构的主体发展——以国际化与大众化为背景

在中国高等教育步入国际化与大众化的今天,高等职业教育受到了来自世界与国内的教育观念与竞争现实的双重冲击与挑战,高等职业教育必须树立"服务性的应用研究型"的目标定位,采取主体性合作的多元办学方式,拓展具有一种可持续性的课程体系,突出独自的、主体性的价值观念,才能寻求到自身发展的新的途径。     

胡风与浪漫主义

胡风文艺思想带有浪漫主义色彩的原因在于：一是受西欧浪漫主义和五四浪漫主义文学作品影响;二是对厨川白村与苏联作协“革命浪漫主义”文学理论的接受。胡风认为浪漫主义应负载启蒙和政治双重功能,而左翼人士则力图把浪漫主义纳入纯粹政治轨道。     

浅谈《〈石头记〉交响曲》

《〈石头记〉交响曲》是胡风的文学创作生涯后期的一部作品。通过分析《〈石头记〉交响曲》中胡风的文艺思想,以及探讨胡风对于《石头记》的独特认识,试图能再现胡风终生坚持的文艺思想和展现胡风作为文艺批评家敏锐眼光与卓越才华。     

大学生主观幸福感与网络体验、网络成瘾关系

运用问卷调查法探讨了大学生主观幸福感、网络体验和网络成瘾倾向的关系.对1060位大学生的调查结果表明:大学生主观幸福感和网络体验、网络成瘾倾向之间均呈显著负相关,主观幸福感水平低,网络体验高,网络成瘾倾向程度高;网络体验和网络成瘾倾向之间呈显著正相关,网络体验越高,网络成瘾倾向程度也越高.网络体验和主观幸福感的家庭满意、社会性行为、消极情感雏度对大学生网络成癌倾向都有较为显著的预测作用.应用结构方程分析表明:主观幸福感直接影响大学生网络成瘾倾向,同时,主观幸福感可经由网络体验这个中介变量影响网络成瘾倾向.     

美国外语浸入式教学现状

外语浸入式教学定义为使用某种外语为教学语言媒介,进行学科知识内容的教学.浸入式教学法不同于传统外语教学法,在美国已有30多年历史.本文旨在对美国浸入式教学的引进和发展,根据已有的研究结果,为读者提供一个简介.文章重点阐述了与浸入式课堂教学实践有关的问题,如师资能力、教材选用和开发、教学方法、课程综合性教学以及校方领导参与等问题.