少年男子中长跑运动员10km训练跑对血清心肌损伤标志物水平的影响

目的:观察常规训练中非力竭耐力运动前后少年运动员血清心肌损伤标志物水平的变化。方法:测定19名少年男子中长跑运动员在常规训练中一次非全力10 km跑前、运动后2 h、运动后4 h以及运动后24 h血清心肌肌钙蛋白T亚基(cTnT)、I亚基(cTnI)、CK-MB活性及CK-MB质量水平。结果:10 km跑可显著提高被试者血清cTnT、cTnI及CK-MB质量水平。运动后4 h内血清cTnT和cTnI可超过临床心肌损伤(60%以上被试者)甚至心肌梗死(10.5%~42.1%被试者)界值,而运动后24 h,血清cTnT及cTnI恢复至正常水平。另外,运动前后各观察点都有相当比例的被试者(15.8%~84.2%)CK-MB活性及质量超过心肌损伤界值。结论:非力竭性耐力运动可能引起少年运动员可逆性心肌微损伤,但其确切机制、临床意义及远期后果有待进一步研究。     

毽球运动对绝经后妇女骨密度和骨代谢的作用

目的:探讨毽球运动对绝经后妇女下肢骨密度和骨代谢指标影响。方法:60名妇女被分为三组,毽球运动半年组、毽球运动一年组和非运动对照组。运动方式毽球运动。在运动训练前后分别测试下肢骨密度(BMD)、血清骨钙素(BGP)、血清钙(Ca)、抗酒石酸盐酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)。结果:毽球组的受试者骨密度(BMD),血清骨钙素(BGP)与非运动对照组相比明显升高,血清IL-6水平和TRAP活性显著降低。运动一年组效果最明显。结论:长期的毽球运动能够增强绝经后妇女骨密度,改善骨代谢指标。     

“反叙实”话语标记初探

对“真是”“简直”“分明”“都”“有”“这个”等词话语标记用法的分析发现：这些词语除了具有强调事实这个语用功能之外,还有辅助标记隐喻、夸张、反讽等修辞格的反叙实功能,这些词语的反叙实功能是从强调叙实的焦点标记功能进一步演变而来的。     

汉语言实类插说构式的情态功能及主观化

现代汉语表言实类的插说构式有诸多结构变体。在真实对话文本中,这类构式的情态功能主要表现为评判功能和传信功能:传信功能"他述评判"与"自述评判";信息传信度有"证据类"与"评价类"。其语义演化过程符合"主观化"的特点,且在发展过程中带有交互主观性,使得它们具备了话语标记的特征。     

从《现代英语用法词典》看英式英语的用法变化

文章以1926年版的《现代英语用法词典》为出发点,主要针对20世纪英国英语的一些用法变化进行探索。从David Crystal对用法词典初版的序文和附加的解释中挑选几个能表现20世纪英文变化的词条,探索从初版的20世纪初期到现在的用法的痕迹。     

Indirect clinical markers for the detection of anabolic steroid abuse beyond the conventional doping control in athletes

Abstract

Growing analytical challenges have arisen for the detection of misuse of androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS) in athletes the last years. Therefore, consideration of additional indirect markers can substantially aid the efforts to detect AAS abuse in athletes. Moreover, this approach can also help physicians to suspect AAS abuse when treating athletes. Laboratory markers highly indicative of AAS abuse in athletes include the considerable downregulation of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, elevation of haematocrit or serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase levels and for males reduced serum levels of both luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. Moreover, physical signs suggestive of current AAS abuse are hypertension, apparent changes in behaviour making the athlete more irritable and aggressive and the sudden appearance of acne vulgaris in an adult athlete with no recent history of acne, while testicular atrophy and gynecomastia raise suspicion of current or past AAS abuse in male athletes.     

Destination unknown? Transition to adulthood for people with autism spectrum disorders

This article, written by Ewelina Rydzewska, a PhD student and associate lecturer at the University of the West of Scotland, draws upon a range of research evidence in order to explore the process of transition to adulthood for people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It provides a brief overview of extended and complex youth transitions in different cultural contexts, with particular reference to Scotland. It also highlights particular patterns of vulnerability for people with ASD. The focus here is on the nature of ASD and its impact on the transition to adulthood, the conceptualisation of this process, the characteristics of effective service provision, as well as the ever‐changing social, political and economic context of young people's transitions. The article concludes with a summary of principal conclusions drawn from the current literature and some suggestions for future research.     

Genetic variability of Sargassum liebmannii on the coast of Jalisco in the central Mexican Pacific revealed by molecular markers and morphological traits

BackgroundSargassum liebmannii is widely distributed throughout rocky, coastal upwelling areas in the tropical Mexican Pacific. This brown algae is of great environmental and industrial importance. However, no information is available that documents the genetic or phenotypic variability of the species, which is needed to determine how it may react to environmental variation related to climate change. In this study, S. liebmannii specimens were collected from the coast of Jalisco, Mexico, and molecular and morphological characterization was conducted. Intraspecific variability was estimated according to the study areas.ResultsThe inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers indicated a polymorphism percentage of 95%. The Shannon index and Nei index showed relatively low values among the populations (0.3569 and 0.081, respectively). On the other hand, the genetic differentiation coefficient indicated inter- and intrapopulation values of 36.69% and 63.31%, respectively. The Jaccard similarity coefficient was used to determine the degree of similarity among individuals by geographical area. The morphological characteristics and environmental variables that were used to correlate phenotypes and genotypes indicated that S. liebmannii showed low genetic flow because of the presence of geographical barriers due to substrate that was not optimal for algal development.ConclusionsThe ISSR markers were useful for detecting genetic differences among S. liebmannii individuals. The results indicate that a coupled genotypic-phenotypic study is beneficial for documenting the variation present in the little-studied algal species. These studies may be used in future research to clarify taxonomic controversies while generating additional genomic information.How to cite: Jung-Kim HW, Hernández-Herrera RM, Enciso-Padilla I, et al. Genetic variability of Sargassum liebmannii on the coast of Jalisco in the central Mexican Pacific revealed by molecular markers and morphological traits. Electron J Biotechnol 2021;54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.08.003     

话语标记语you know语调与语用功能互动研究

通过构建中外英语教师课堂话语语料库,以中外英语教师在课堂话语中所使用的话语标记语you know为研究对象,重点探讨了话语标记语语调的衔接机制及其与语用功能相互配合,促使话语标记语实现衔接功能的过程。研究发现:中外英语教师使用话语标记语you know作为语篇衔接手段时,降调出现频次最多;语调具有辅助话语标记语you know实现其语用功能的作用。     

Organ Specific Tumor Markers: What’s New?

Tumor markers are molecules produced in the body in response to cancer. An ideal tumor marker should have high sensitivity and specificity, should be cheap, and should be easily detected in body fluids. Identification of novel markers is important and it is expected that with the advent of newer technologies, more reliable markers will be discovered. This review discusses the currently available tumor markers for different malignancies.