正向积分教学法在高职思想政治课中的运用与思考

严格学业标准是《深化新时代教育评价改革总体方案》的重要目标指向,也是立德树人与素质教育的重要举措。正向积分教学法将“正向”与“积分”相融合,是提高学业标准的有效课堂教学方法,具有课堂表现数字化、平时积分学分化、积分设计科学化三大特征。实施正向积分教学法,要始终重视只加分不减分、反复清晰告示、培育活跃因子、人人参与体验、挂钩学分、打开“心门”、发挥“催化”作用、突显文化价值、遏制“唯分主义”和教师言行合一等十个关键环节。比较分析的结果显示,采用正向积分教学法的课堂活跃度、理论学习质量和知识内化度均有明显提升。     

CRISPR/Cas: a Nobel Prize award-winning precise genome editing technology for gene therapy and crop improvement

Since it was first recognized in bacteria and archaea as a mechanism for innate viral immunity in the early 2010 s,clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein(Cas) has rapidly been developed into a robust, multifunctional genome editing tool with many uses. Following the discovery of the initial CRISPR/Cas-based system, the technology has been advanced to facilitate a multitude of different functions. These include development as a base editor, prime editor, epigenetic editor, and CRISPR interference(CRISPRi) and CRISPR activator(CRISPRa) gene regulators. It can also be used for chromatin and RNA targeting and imaging. Its applications have proved revolutionary across numerous biological fields, especially in biomedical and agricultural improvement. As a diagnostic tool, CRISPR has been developed to aid the detection and screening of both human and plant diseases, and has even been applied during the current coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic. CRISPR/Cas is also being trialed as a new form of gene therapy for treating various human diseases, including cancers, and has aided drug development. In terms of agricultural breeding, precise targeting of biological pathways via CRISPR/Cas has been key to regulating molecular biosynthesis and allowing modification of proteins, starch, oil, and other functional components for crop improvement. Adding to this, CRISPR/Cas has been shown capable of significantly enhancing both plant tolerance to environmental stresses and overall crop yield via the targeting of various agronomically important gene regulators. Looking to the future, increasing the efficiency and precision of CRISPR/Cas delivery systems and limiting off-target activity are two major challenges for wider application of the technology. This review provides an in-depth overview of current CRISPR development, including the advantages and disadvantages of the technology,recent applications, and future considerations.     

网络环境下有效学习行为特征及影响因素研究

在网络环境下,学习者由于高度自由同时又缺乏有效的监管,学习很容易受到外界事件的干扰,并不能完全保证学习者的学习行为是有效的。为保证网络环境下学习的质量与绩效,有必要对网络环境下的有效学习行为进行深入研究。文章在“有效学习”定义基础上,提出网络环境下有效学习行为的概念及其特征,并详细讨论了网络环境下有效学习行为的主要影响因素,最后从中得到提高网络环境下学习行为有效性的启示:在课前,教师要做好学前分析,检查学习者是否已有本次学习必要的基础知识储备,并帮助学习者明确自己的学习目标,给学习者提供必要的学习环境;在课中,教师要注重学习者信息技术应用能力的培养,同时给学习者施加一定的外部动机,并结合具体情况,给予学习者有效的引导;在课后,教师需要及时对这节课进行反思总结。     

试论数字图书馆版权使用模式的特点与适用性

文章对数字图书馆版权使用的不同模式的特点及适用性作了分析，指出在解决数字图书馆版权问题中应注意发挥版权使用模式的综合效应，为此应不断完善版权制度．     

我国情报学硕士研究生教育走势分析

本文收集和整理了1984年到2004年的情报学45个硕士点以及部分情报学硕士点的培养方案的有关数据,在此基础上,比较系统地分析了我国情报学硕士研究生教育走势。     

在PDH/SDH数字传输分析仪实验开发中对学生能力的培养

该文结合本科生毕业设计“PDH／SDH数字传输分析仪的PCM通信编码”的实践过程,实现了PDH／SDH数字传输分析仪应用于PCM网络的误码和抖动等相关物理量的通信网络在线测量实验项目。采用数字传输分析仪和示波器组成的实验系统,开发出在PCM光纤通信中普遍应用的AMI码和HDB。码的编码实验。通过对数字分析仪器的实验开发,不仅使学生完成了毕业设计论文,更重要的是通过实验活动加深了学生对先进仪器的使用、及学生在教学科研中的创新能力的锻炼,同时发挥了学生在创新实验研究中的作用,增强了参与科学研究的信心,熟悉和掌握了PCM通信编码理论及技术。该实验为本科生的专业物理实验课程提供了一个新的实验项目。     

中国转型理论脉络

从计划经济体制向市场经济体制转型,是世界级的难题。中国改革开放,一方面坚持马克思主义基本原理,另一方面借鉴原来社会主义国家的体制转型理论和西方学者观点。成功的经济转型理论,发展了马克思主义经济学,为经济科学增添了新的内容。     

Abuse of power in relationships and sexual health

STI rates are high for First Nations in Canada and the United States. Our objective was to understand the context, issues, and beliefs around high STI rates from a nêhiyaw (Cree) perspective. Twenty-two in-depth interviews were conducted with 25 community participants between March 1, 2011 and May 15, 2011. Interviews were conducted by community researchers and grounded in the Cree values of relationship, sharing, personal agency and relational accountability. A diverse purposive snowball sample of community members were asked why they thought STI rates were high for the community. The remainder of the interview was unstructured, and supported by the interviewer through probes and sharing in a conversational style. Modified grounded theory was used to analyze the narratives and develop a theory. The main finding from the interviews was that abuse of power in relationships causes physical, mental, emotional and spiritual wounds that disrupt the medicine wheel. Wounded individuals seek medicine to stop suffering and find healing. Many numb suffering by accessing temporary medicines (sex, drugs and alcohol) or permanent medicines (suicide). These medicines increase the risk of STIs. Some seek healing by participating in ceremony and restoring relationships with self, others, Spirit/religion, traditional knowledge and traditional teachings. These medicines decrease the risk of STIs. Younger female participants explained how casual relationships are safer than committed monogamous relationships. Resolving abuse of power in relationships should lead to improvements in STI rates and sexual health.     

用Winsock控件编写客户/服务器通信程序

网络编程日益成为人们编程的一个重要内容.本文介绍了如何使用Winsock控件以及用它编写客户/服务器通信程序的方法.     

Type and severity of child abuse and college students'' lifetime suicidality

Objective: The present study compared reported histories and severity of child sexual abuse, child physical abuse, and both, in college men and women.Method: Four hundred and eighty-six consenting undergraduates completed measures of suicidality, sexual abuse (SA), and physical abuse (PA). Based on their responses, they were categorized into 12 mutually exclusive groups: no PA/no SA (n = 234), moderate PA/no SA (n = 78), severe PA/no SA (n = 34), no PA/mild SA (n = 21), moderate PA/mild SA (n = 12), severe PA/mild SA (n = 5), no PA/moderate SA (n = 20), moderate PA/moderate SA (n = 15), and severe PA/moderate SA (n = 10).Results: Participants who reported both severe sexual and severe physical abuse reported more lifetime suicidality than participants who reported either mild sexual and/or physical abuse. Those who reported sexual abuse involving invasive sexual acts such as rape, and physical abuse involving behaviors that resulted in physical injury to the child, were more suicidal than those who reported less severe abuse. In addition, although combined sexual and physical abuse correlated with increased suicidality, unexpectedly, there was no interaction. Finally, women students endorsed more reasons for living than men and about the same level of suicidal ideas and global suicidality, despite a greater likelihood of having been abused.Conclusions: The absence of an interaction between sexual and physical abuse suggests that this increased suicidality is additive rather than multiplicative. An implication is that college counseling personnel need to be aware of the suicidal risk of women and men students reporting either sexual or physical abuse.