国外人际网络分析的典型软件工具*

研究和探讨人际网络分析中的典型软件工具，在简要介绍软件工具的分类和国外近20种相关软件工具的基础上，重点介绍和分析5个有代表性的人际网络分析工具，并对这5款软件进行简要比较。     

无痛性早孕人工流产手术方法的探讨

早孕人工流产（以下简称人流）术，宫颈注射盐酸利多卡因和不用刮匙作复核性刮宫，减少了手术对子宫内膜的机械刺激和损伤，减少了受术的痛苦及不良反应，使其轻松度过手术关，这对提高早孕人流术的质量有着重要的意义。     

航海英语教学中各种教学方法和教学工具的融合

目前航海英语教学仍局限在传统单一的教学方法和教学工具中,无法满足航运业对人才培养的要求。将提问法与黑板、合作教学法与卡片、讲授法与多媒体、情境教学法与实物以及项目教学法与模拟器设备结合运用．可以丰富航海英语的课堂内容。提高航海英语的教学质量。     

Fevatools:网络课程设计的形成性评估工具

本文介绍了圣地亚哥州立大学帮助大学教授评估网络课程效果的一个工具性网站：Fevatools（http：／／fevatools．wikispaces．con／）。该网站将22种工具和技术分为以下几类：典范做法、课程便利、学生成绩、平行调查和学习风格调查。部分教师试用Fevatools参与了调查,并提供了对这个网上工具的反馈。初步调查显示,这些教师通常使用调查和投票来评估课程。他们主要关注学生的学习成果,而不是网上课程的特点或如何促进学生的学习。为了能更有效地应用Fevatools,研究者推荐增加对教师进行相关的培训和支持,并深入研究网站的可用性。     

大学课程体系构造与大学课程资源配置

课程资源是大学最重要的资源之一,课程资源的配置效能与大学课程体系的构造工具密切相关。大学课程体系的常用构造工具有课程体系结构、课程序变魔方、课程装配软件等。衡量课程体系构造效能的标准,主要是看各种构造工具在使用过程中所达到的合目的程度。     

信息咨询工具依据及系统支持的探讨

文章对信息咨询的各类工具依据、咨询系统的构成、咨询活动的流程进行了简要介绍,阐述了工具及系统对咨询活动的推动作用.     

电子图书文件格式及其制作阅读工具的分析研究

提出电子图书的概念,对电子图书文件格式及其优缺点进行归纳整理和对比分析,并介绍主要电子图书格式的制作工具和阅读工具,为图书馆实现数字化提供参考借鉴.     

Bridging analog and digital expertise: Cross-domain collaboration and boundary-spanning tools in the creation of digital innovation

Expertise in digital technologies is necessary, but rarely sufficient to generate digital innovation. The purpose of this paper is to explore how specialists rooted in digital and analog knowledge domains engage in cross-domain collaboration to jointly create digital innovation. Our analysis cross-examines the literature on knowledge integration and coordination by examining the role of boundary-spanning tools in fusing divergent types of knowledge. The empirical setting for our study is the development of digital serious games, a novel breed of digital learning products whose creation involves a wide range of gaming/digital and learning/analog expertise. Drawing on an in-depth qualitative study, we find that boundary-spanning tools such as prototypes, mockups, and whiteboards serve as important knowledge bridges buttressing the overall innovation process, enabling diverse experts to increasingly align and integrate their divergent thought worlds and knowledge domains. Furthermore, we find that the alternative interplay among digital and non-digital tools supports the gradual transformation of digital and analog expertise into a novel digital format. Taken together, our results explicate how boundary-spanning tools facilitate collaborative work among specialists rooted in diverse digital and non-digital knowledge domains. Our findings contribute to the literature on knowledge integration and coordination in cross-domain collaboration and digital innovation.     

TRIZ理论常用分析工具及应用

TRIZ作为现代设计中强有力的设计理论,包括了发明原理、物一场分析和效应原理等常用分析工具,不仅在发达国家及大型企业中发挥着重要的作用,在人们的日常生活中也能紧密相连,应用TRIZ解决现实生活中的问题会使其变得更加容易.     

A critical analysis and evaluation of Web-based environments for program development

This paper provides a classification, review, and critical analysis of current Web-based interactive programming environments and tools that facilitate learning programming languages and concepts. The focal point of the paper is based on (1) categorizing available programming systems and tools into classes according to their pedagogical approaches; (2) reviewing individual systems; and (3) critically analyzing them according to established standards for instructional design. The paper is intended to provide those seeking to use these resources with a comprehensive survey of the available systems, their succinct evaluation, and their effectiveness.