Social identification,exercise participation,and positive exercise experiences: Evidence from parkrun

Growing evidence suggests that social identities may have profound implications for physical activity participation. Real-world examinations of this relationship have, however, been lacking, with research predominantly examining intentions and hypothetical scenarios. To address this shortcoming and further advance understanding in this area, the present study tested relationships between group identification, participation, two exercise-specific outcomes (exercise-specific satisfaction and group cohesion), and a broad health indicator (life satisfaction) among individuals recruited from parkrun. Participants (N = 289) completed questionnaires measuring all variables except participants’ parkrun participation, which was objectively assessed. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that group identification was significantly associated with greater participation, exercise-specific satisfaction, group cohesion, and life satisfaction. Findings provide real-world evidence of the health-related benefits associated with forming strong social identities in exercise settings.     

空气质量响应曲面模型在杭州市的应用

基于CMAQ模拟结果,统计、归纳出各种污染物排放控制因子与污染物浓度之间的函数关系,建立空气质量响应曲面模型RSM,通过留一法交叉验证和外部验证对模型进行可靠性验证。使用RSM,研究不同污染物的PM_2.5响应值,评估现有政策不变（Ⅰ）和政策收紧（Ⅱ）两种减排情景,发现NO_X、SO₂、NH₃和VOC对PM_2.5浓度体现明显的非线性响应特征,情景Ⅱ的减排效果明显好于情景Ⅰ,夏季的减排效果好于冬季。     

How does education have an impact on ethnocentrism? A structural equation analysis of cognitive,occupational status and network mechanisms

Previous studies have distinguished cognitive, occupational status and network mechanisms in the relation between education and ethnocentrism. Hypotheses on these mediating mechanisms are derived from socialization theory, realistic group threat and contact theory. In the current study we use structural equation modeling to investigate the explanatory power of these three mechanisms simultaneously. The analysis is based on a representative population survey from the Netherlands (NELLS 2009, n = 1910). The results show that more than half of the initial association between education and ethnocentrism can be attributed to cognitive ability and occupational status mechanisms. The remaining part of the overall association, however, still has to be modeled as a direct relationship between education and ethnocentrism. This direct association can be attributed either to social desirability or to a direct liberalizing effect of education on social and political attitudes. Our analysis tentatively suggests that the rise of average education levels in Western societies might lead to less ethnocentric attitudes via the cognitive sophistication mechanism.     

核酸四碱基体及四螺旋模型的理论构建

核酸的结构具有多态性 ,核酸的功能取决于其结构 .了解核酸不同结构的特征有利于对其功能的充分认识 .本文对核酸四碱基体及其形成的四链结构模型进行了理论研究 .这些工作有助于从理论上进一步研究核酸四螺旋结构 ,对相关的实验研究也将起到有益参考作用 .     

射箭技术评价指标的综合研究

方法:运用Qualisisy红外光点测试系统、Footscan足底压力测试系统、Noraxon肌电遥测系统等对国家队射箭队运动员进行测试,对运动员的射箭动作技术进行分析。结论:1)姿态角、肌肉用力激活程度、举弓阶段主要用力肌肉激活顺序、举弓、开弓时间等的一致性可作为射箭技术评价指标;2)各动作阶段所用时间的长短不能作为技术评价指标,但开举弓时间比与中国国家队射箭成绩正相关;3)基础平衡的足底压力中心指标可作为身体素质、选材及成绩预测的参考依据;4)射箭运动员实射时身体在前、后方向上的稳定性较差,主要与腹背肌力量的不均衡及没有专业运动鞋有关;5)运动学及肌电学都表明,中国射箭训练对举弓、开弓阶段的重视不够,背部肌肉用力特征不明显,撒放技术合理性不高。建议:1)快节奏只是个别运动员的特点,不能因为团体比赛时限缩短而过多强调快节奏。2)采用振动法或不稳定支撑面的力量训练方法进行力量训练。因为这两种训练方法不仅可增加肌肉力量,而且可使神经肌肉的协调性、本体感受器得到训练,从而增强对射箭动作的感觉能力;3)为射箭运动员定制或选择有防滑块鞋底、前后上翘程度符合运动员脚型特点的射箭专用鞋。     

腰部竖脊肌疲劳运动过程中表面肌电信号线性和非线性指标的变化

通过等长背伸运动负荷诱发腰部竖脊肌疲劳并记录全程表面肌电（sEMG）信号,分别以快速傅立叶变换（FFT）计算平均功率频率MPF和非线性RQA方法计算确定性线段百分数（?T）。结果显示,MPF随着肌肉疲劳的发展而逐渐下降,而?T呈现反向变化趋势,提示肌肉疲劳时的sEMG信号规律性在增强。?T的变异系数CV比MPF的小,说明?T作为腰部肌肉功能状态的评价指标具有独特的优势。     

磁场和自由界面热流下二维液态锡膜流的传热模拟

液态金属偏滤器具有自修复和热负荷能力,因此成为偏滤器的重要设计方案。偏滤器上的液态金属膜流处于磁场和高强度热流下,且装置运行时产生的低频扰动会使薄膜流动发展为毛细孤立波。在毛细孤立波膜流中,波谷位置的毛细分离涡会显著增强该区域的对流换热。研究雷诺数为58的液态锡毛细孤立波膜流在底壁附近的换热现象。结果表明：无外加磁场和自由界面热流时,液态锡毛细孤立波薄膜流动复现了努塞尔数在波谷位置显著增强的现象;仅施加磁场时,由于洛伦兹力的阻尼效应,毛细分离涡处的换热增强效果被抑制;仅施加热流时,由于膜流被加热,总换热量增加,导致努塞尔数分布更均匀;同时施加磁场和热流时,两者的作用会叠加。     

高校图书馆采购决策建模及信息支持系统

针对高校图书馆书刊购置经费利用问题进行研究,提出一种同时考虑图书本身价值和多层次读者需求的图书采购决策模式,给出定性分析与定量计算相结合的图书价值评价、按学科分配购书经费以及各学科内采购决策的数学模型。在此基础上,设计出一种基于图书馆自动化系统的采访决策支持系统,以提高采访质量。     

巧用克鲁金定理

巧妙地运用克鲁金定理，仅用代数方法就解决了一些积分问题。笔者还从克鲁金定理出发，导出了库斯科夫公式，并举出其应用实例。     

利用传真地面图确定航线上的风情

对如何利用传真地面图确定航线上的风情进行了介绍。利用查表的方法确定航线上的风速非常便捷,风向确定也较容易,适合船舶驾驶员在实践中应用。经矢量标绘后,驾驶员可对航线的风情一目了然。