横向延展,“场”“面”横生——中国古代诗歌语言的空间特性试论

中国古代诗歌在语言构成上的一个重要特点是横向延展,而不同于散文和西方诗歌常见的纵向线性延伸。这使得诗歌语言成为一种＂面＂型语言,这种特点之所以在中国古代诗歌中表现得最为典型,根本的原因在于汉语是最不重视句子的关系框架的＂流块语言＂;同时也与古代诗歌的题材有一定关系——模山范水客观上要求语言的横向延展,近体诗与山水诗实乃异名同体。＂面＂型语言的进一步发展,就形成为一种气化的语义场,成为＂场＂型语言。     

团体心理辅导在专业调剂生学习动机干预中的作用

目的探讨团体心理辅导对专业调剂生学习动机的干预效果。方法设置实验组、对照组大一专业调剂生各25名,对实验组进行8次为期8周的团体心理辅导,干预前后分别评估各组专业调剂生学习动机的2个维度。结果接受团体辅导后,实验组在后测中学习动机两个维度的分数显著高于前测,对照组在学习动机前后测的分数上没有显著差异。实验组、对照组后测分数上存在显著差异。结论团体心理辅导能有效提高专业调剂生的学习动机。     

大学生恋爱动机问卷的初步编制

运用文献法、开放式问卷和访谈法设计问卷,多次施测修改问卷,采用相关分析、探索性分析和验证性分析对问卷的信、效度进行检验。结果表明,大学生恋爱动机问卷包括功利性、面子性、性爱性、情感性、消遣性和婚姻性六个维度,累计贡献率57.459%,共27项;问卷的信度和效度均符合心理测量学的要求,可作为测评大学生恋爱动机的工具。     

自主支持——体育运动中动机研究的新视角

自主支持是自我决定理论衍生出的一个概念,是人格与动机领域研究的一个新热点.以自我决定理论为基础分析自主支持的研究背景,明确其概念,并分别对竞技体育、学校体育和锻炼三种情境中自主支持的积极功能进行概述,在此基础上分析自主支持领域研究中存在的不足和未来的发展方向.     

对外汉语学习动机的研究进展

当前我国的对外汉语教育与教学研究方兴未艾。在语言学习动机的结构分析方面,加拿大学者Gardner的融入型动机与工具型动机的划分最具影响力,而国内学者对于汉语学习动机的结构划分偏重因素分析而缺乏理论建构。为了测量汉语学习动机,有的学者改编了国外的经典工具,有的学者自行开发一些测量工具,但其信度与效度没有很好的保证。今后的研究应重视汉语学习动机的理论建构并开发更加有效的测量工具。     

论不定式分句逻辑主语的构成

不定式分句的逻辑主语比较复杂,分为带主语的不定式分句和不带主语的不定式分句。带主语的不定式分句的逻辑主语可以由不同的介词引导;不带主语的不定式分句的逻辑主语可以在主句中或语境中体现出来,要从表层结构和深层结构分别进行剖析。学好不定式分句的逻辑主语对我们掌握不定式分句的句法功能,正确划分英语句子成分,有效地翻译句子,解释英语中的歧义现象等有很大的帮助。     

产品装配线自动化改造的动机分析及风险预估——以某汽车配件厂装配线改造项目为例

以某一汽车配件厂的自动化装配线改造项目为例,分析了目前制造型工厂推进产品装配线自动化改造的动机主要有产品质量的控制、"机器换人"战略的实施、生产效率的提升以及人力成本的减少等几大因素。其中,最主要的动机为产品质量的控制与"机器换人"战略的实施。在自动化改造项目的实施中,分析得出此类自动化改造项目可能存在的风险主要有短期效益的未知性风险、自动装配线的适应性风险以及后期维护保养的不确定性风险。     

Anisotropic fluoride nanocrystals modulated by facet-specific passivation and their disordered surfaces

Rutile-type fluorides have been proven to be active components in the context of emerging antiferr-omagnetic devices. However, controlled synthesis of low-dimensional, in particular two-dimensional (2D), fluorides in a predictable and deterministic manner remains unrealized because of a lack of efficient anisotropic control, which impedes their further development in reduced dimensions. We report here that altered passivation of {110} growing facets can direct the synthesis of rutile-type fluoride nanocrystals into well-defined zero-dimensional (0D) particulates, one-dimensional (1D) rods and 2D sheets in a colloidal approach. The obtained nanocrystals show positive exchange bias and enhanced magnetic transition temperature from the coexistence of long-range antiferromagnetic order and disordered surface spins, making them strong alternatives for flexible magnetic devices and sensors.     

Surface superconductivity in the type II Weyl semimetal TaIrTe4

The search for unconventional superconductivity in Weyl semimetal materials is currently an exciting pursuit, since such superconducting phases could potentially be topologically non-trivial and host exotic Majorana modes. The layered material TaIrTe₄ is a newly predicted time-reversal invariant type II Weyl semimetal with the minimum number of Weyl points. Here, we report the discovery of surface superconductivity in Weyl semimetal TaIrTe₄. Our scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) visualizes Fermi arc surface states of TaIrTe₄ that are consistent with the previous angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy results. By a systematic study based on STS at ultralow temperature, we observe uniform superconducting gaps on the sample surface. The superconductivity is further confirmed by electrical transport measurements at ultralow temperature, with an onset transition temperature (T_c) up to 1.54 K being observed. The normalized upper critical field h*(T/T_c) behavior and the stability of the superconductivity against the ferromagnet indicate that the discovered superconductivity is unconventional with the p-wave pairing. The systematic STS, and thickness- and angular-dependent transport measurements reveal that the detected superconductivity is quasi-1D and occurs in the surface states. The discovery of the surface superconductivity in TaIrTe₄ provides a new novel platform to explore topological superconductivity and Majorana modes.     

Regulating surface wrinkles using light

Regulating existing micro and nano wrinkle structures into desired configurations is urgently necessary yet remains challenging, especially modulating wrinkle direction and location on demand. In this work, we propose a novel light-controlled strategy for surface wrinkles, which can dynamically and precisely regulate all basic characteristics of wrinkles, including wavelength, amplitude, direction and location (λ, A, θ and L_c), and arbitrarily tune wrinkle topographies in two dimensions (2D). By considering the bidirectional Poisson''s effect and soft boundary conditions, a modified theoretical model depicting the relation between stress distributions and the basic characteristics was developed to reveal the mechanical mechanism of the regulation strategy. Furthermore, the resulting 2D ordered wrinkles can be used as a dynamic optical grating and a smart template to reversibly regulate the morphology of various functional materials. This study will pave the way for wrinkle regulation and guide fabrication technology for functional wrinkled surfaces.