Re-Envisioning E-Resource Holdings Management

For e-resource librarians, maintaining e-book and e-journal holdings within electronic resource management systems is a labor intensive and often manual process. In 2014, with the aim of saving library staff valuable time and effort, the Online Computer Library Center, Inc. (OCLC) launched a service to provide automated holdings management within the WorldCat knowledgebase. For a select group of content providers, including some of the largest e-book aggregators, holdings information can be populated and updated automatically within the knowledgebase without intervention from library staff. At the University of Toronto Libraries, we conducted a study to assess the accuracy and efficiency of these automated holdings management services. This presentation outlines the results of the study and provides suggestions for further improvement to the current services offered.     

‘To educate children from birth’: a genealogical analysis of some practices of subjectivation in Spanish and French scientific childcare (1898–1939)

The aim of this paper is to analyse certain techniques of subjectivation in modern child-rearing and the way in which medical discourse leads to the construction of children through those techniques. As a case study, several manuals on childcare used during the first third of the twentieth century in Spain and France have been selected. A historical-genealogical perspective is adopted, according to which childhood is not a natural or ahistorical category, but depends on cultural practices. In Western countries, these practices have been strongly influenced by expert discourses. The techniques proposed in the manuals are identified and the theoretical justification for them analysed according to the socio-cultural and historical context. It is shown in what sense the practices recommended by doctors for mothers constituted a kind of early informal education contributing to the creation of future well-educated citizens.     

交叉学科研究生课程教学的探索与实践

交叉学科是目前科学研究的热点领域,开展交叉学科课程教学对于强化研究生的学科交叉意识,提高研究生的创新能力具有重要作用。以"微机电系统分析与设计"课程为例,分析了交叉学科研究生课程的特点,并从基础知识教学、前沿专题研讨和实践能力强化三个方面进行了教学方法的探索与实践。     

GM（1，N）－2模型及其在机器运行状态预测中的应用

根据现场特点，提出灰色非等间隔优化模型—ＧＭ（１，Ｎ）－２模型，对机器运行状态进行预测。并根据滨海轮的实测信号，对模型进行了检验。     

基于知识图谱的专家系统发展综述

专家系统是人工智能中最重要的也是最活跃的一个应用领域,它实现了人工智能从理论研究走向实际应用,从一般推理策略探讨转向运用专门知识的重大突破。本文按照时间顺序,将专家系统划分为20世纪80年代以前、20世纪80年代、20世纪90年代、2000年后4个阶段。文章利用文献计量学的方法,分析了专家系统发展的历程、发展方向和趋势,指出当前正是专家系统的发展期,多种专家系统投入商业化运行,需要解决知识获取瓶颈、匹配冲突等问题,为了解和掌握专家系统的学科结构、演化过程、发展方向等提供了独特的视角和知识。     

浅谈纳米给药的现状,进展,问题和前景

通过文献中描述的药动学、毒理学研究结果得知纳米给药系统的特点及纳米给药系统在医药领域的应用中的优势,主要是在肿瘤治疗领域的作用,最后概括纳米给药系统的前景及展望。     

A collaborative filtering similarity measure based on singularities

Recommender systems play an important role in reducing the negative impact of information overload on those websites where users have the possibility of voting for their preferences on items. The most normal technique for dealing with the recommendation mechanism is to use collaborative filtering, in which it is essential to discover the most similar users to whom you desire to make recommendations. The hypothesis of this paper is that the results obtained by applying traditional similarities measures can be improved by taking contextual information, drawn from the entire body of users, and using it to calculate the singularity which exists, for each item, in the votes cast by each pair of users that you wish to compare. As such, the greater the measure of singularity result between the votes cast by two given users, the greater the impact this will have on the similarity. The results, tested on the Movielens, Netflix and FilmAffinity databases, corroborate the excellent behaviour of the singularity measure proposed.     

Cluster-K: Network topology for searching replicated data in p2p systems

This paper proposes a new scheme for ensuring data consistency in unstructured p2p networks where peers can subscribe to multiple content types (identified by labels) and are rapidly informed of content updates. The idea is based on using a static tree structure, the Cluster-K⁺ tree, that maintains most of the structural information about peers and labels. A label denotes a set of replicated or co-related data in the network. The Cluster-K⁺ tree provides efficient retrieval, addition, deletion and consistent updates of labels. Our proposed structure guarantees a short response search time of O(H + K), where H denotes the height of the tree and K the degree of an internal tree node. We present theoretical analytic bounds for the worst-case performance. To verify the bounds, we also present experimental results obtained from a network simulation. The results demonstrate that the actual performance of our system is significantly better than the theoretical bounds.     

Technology,Innovation and Economic Policy edited by Peter Hall (Philip Allan,Oxford, 1986) pp viii + 248, ISBN 0-86003-062-8, 0-86003-171-3 Pbk

The introduction of new technologies is associated with a major change of employment in society, from the traditional agricultural and manufacturing sectors, to the service sector. The availability of more and better services will, according to some analysts, generate wealth that will absorb the surplus labour made available from the traditional sectors. We believe this will be at best a short-term phenomenon. In the longer term, many service sector jobs will be taken over by computer-based systems. In addition, for most people employment also provides security, a pattern for their day, social relationships, a place to belong, and the opportunity to be involved in learning. These will be difficult to achieve in the newer jobs, and much more difficult for the jobless or those in short-term employment. It is critical that the meaning of ‘work’ in society be re-examined.

Under a regime in which ‘hard’, technological systems are programmed to treat society as a collection of individuals, we see the need to develop social, political and economic decision-making tools from the ‘soft’ systems viewpoint. These are not predictable from the sum of individual properties; they are properties of the system, and of the system alone. We also discuss analogies between societies and nonequilibrium thermodynamic systems, which we believe can be helpful when looking at questions involving invention of futures.     

基于灰色系统理论的我国不同区域电信业竞争力评价研究

从区域的角度对我国电信业竞争力进行评价研究。首先运用产业竞争力理论和灰色系统的相关方法对电信业竞争力评价进行建模;接着,对所选取的八个区域中较具代表性的省市的电信业竞争力进行综合评价;最后,根据测评结果找出各区域电信业竞争力与其它地区存在差距的根源,进一步提出不同区域电信业战略发展的对策与建议。