全面建设社会主义时期"半工(农)半读"教育述评

"半工(农)半读"教育在全面建设社会主义时期的大背景下兴起并掀起了一场教育革命,对改变我国单一的全日制教育结构作了可贵的探索,积累了一定的教育改革经验,并在一定程度上解决了普及教育与教育经费不足的问题.但它在"左"倾思想以及"文化大革命"的冲击下两度夭折,其失败的原因与教训值得我们反思.     

高校主体性人力资源的需要与激励研究

深入分析了激励的作用机制,以及高校主体性人力资源的需要的以高层次倾向性为主、同时呈复合交叉性和动态变化性的特点,对其进行激励必须采取多元性、灵活性的激励方式,在物质激励的基础上,充分运用精神激励、情感激励、环境激励、工作激励、团体激励等方法,并注意激励的实效性和艺术性,把激励作为一项重要内容融入人力资源管理之中。     

Problem-Solving Preferences of Mathematics Teachers: Focusing on Symmetry

The aim of the study presented in this paper was to explore factors that influence teachers' problem-solving preferences in the process of (a) solving a problem, (b) explaining it to a peer, (c) liking it, and (d) teaching it. About 170 mathematics teachers took part in the different stages of the study. A special mathematical activity was designed to examine factors that influence teachers' problem-solving preferences and to develop teachers' preferences concerning whether to use symmetry when solving the problems. It was implemented and explored in an in-service program for professional development of high-school mathematics teachers. As a result, three interrelated factors that influence teachers' problem-solving preferences were identified: (i) Two patterns in teachers' problem-solving behavior, i.e., teachers' tendency to apply a stereotypical solution to a problem and teachers' tendency to act according to problem-solving beliefs, (ii) the way in which teachers characterize a problem-solving strategy, (iii) teachers' familiarity with a particular problem-solving strategy and a mathematical topic to which the problem belongs. Findings were related to teachers' developing thinking in solving problems and using them with their students. The activity examined in this paper may serve as a model for professional development of mathematic teachers and be useful for different professional development programs.     

The Effect of Instructional Modality and Prior Knowledge on Learning Point Group Symmetry

Many topics in chemistry are difficult for learners to understand, including symmetry. Reasons for this difficulty include its multi-level content, instructional methodologies utilized, and learner variables. This study examined the effect of initial instructional modality and prior knowledge on learning of point group symmetry. Forty-four students in a sophomore-level inorganic chemistry class at a small private university were divided by pre-selected lab groups into two groups, lecture and computer, for introductory information about point group symmetry. Both groups had low prior knowledge of symmetry elements although the lecture group had significantly higher knowledge than the computer group. After initial instruction, the lecture group scored significantly higher than the computer group on a point group assessment, even when prior knowledge was controlled. A second assessment, given after both groups had follow-up information from computer courseware, showed no significant difference between the groups. The computer group significantly improved between the two assessments, the lecture group did not. At the end-of-the semester post-test showed no significant difference between the two groups, although only 50% of the students in each group achieved mastery. Factors affecting the significant improvement of the low prior knowledge, computer group were examined and recommendations for future research provided.     

“上／下”的对称与不对称及其解释

“上／下”的不对称不仅在语言形式上有所体现,在意义上也有所体现。“上／下”又是对称的,主要体现在表示方位、人物、范围等方面。总之,“上”出现的句法环境要多于“下”,所以“上”是一个高频词,而“下”是一个低频词。     

晶体结构特征对其能谱结构的影响

本文从晶体的结构特征平移对称性出发，得到了平移算符的本征值方程——布洛赫定理、晶体中电子的哈密顿算符的本征函数——布洛赫函数和晶体的能带结构，并阐明了晶体结构特征导致了晶体能谱结构的形成。     

勤工助学与高校图书馆服务工作

勤工助学是让大学生通过实践锻炼，获取一定的报酬资助学业，参与社会实践的一种措施。本文对勤工助学学生参与高校图书馆服务工作的意义和作用进行了探讨，并就学生参与高校图书馆服务工作的方式或途径以及图书馆对勤工助学学生的管理问题提出了相应的建议。     

新理念在强化学生主体意识中的实践

坚持学生为主体是现代教育思想的核心.面向全体学生提高学生学科素养,倡导探究性学习是生物课程新理念.课程内容与生活和时代的联系,是课程改革的主要目标之一.中学生物课堂教学,注重与学生的生活经验结合,同时加强情商培养,促使新知识、新概念的形成建立在学生现实生活的基础上、切实反映学生生活经验、体现时代特点和精神的教学,将会有效地改变学生的学习与生活和现实世界相脱节的状况,能极大地调动学生学习生物学的主动性和积极性,从而提高生物学的教学质量,达到新课标确定的教学目标.     

探索以学生为主体的高职英语教学模式

确立“人本主义”的教学理念,建立多方位、多角度的评价体系,以优化教学环节来培养学生的综合语言运用能力。要充分运用多媒体技术构建以学生为主体的英语教学模式,这种教学模式对于培养高职学生英语综合能力具有一定的意义。     

论胎儿的民事主体资格——兼与胡宇鹏先生商榷

鉴于生育权具有其特定的涵义、内容和实现标准，伤害胎儿不是对生育权而是对生命健康权的侵犯。因受诸多适用条件的限制，请求权继受理论不足以对胎儿予以充分保护。依据总括保护主义，赋予胎儿民事主体资格，不仅能最大限度地实现对胎儿的保护，亦得以对民事权利能力制度的发展完善产生积极影响。