用倾斜气轨系统与Spss测定重力加速度

用垫块调整气轨的倾斜角,使滑行器在自身重力作用下沿气轨表面直接做功,使用智能计时系统精准测出滑块在气轨斜面定点位置的速度。由测量原理及不确定度分析,对照测量数据,引入Spss的曲线估计功能分析得到速长综合量与垫块高度的定标曲线,并验证出速长综合量与垫块高度存在线性关系,由此标定出重力加速度,并用置信概率为95%的不确定度对其进行了合理的分析和评定,得到更加合理的实验结果。     

A Comparison of Limited-Information and Full-Information Methods in Mplus for Estimating Item Response Theory Parameters for Nonnormal Populations

In structural equation modeling software, either limited-information (bivariate proportions) or full-information item parameter estimation routines could be used for the 2-parameter item response theory (IRT) model. Limited-information methods assume the continuous variable underlying an item response is normally distributed. For skewed and platykurtic latent variable distributions, 3 methods were compared in Mplus: limited information, full information integrating over a normal distribution, and full information integrating over the known underlying distribution. Interfactor correlation estimates were similar for all 3 estimation methods. For the platykurtic distribution, estimation method made little difference for the item parameter estimates. When the latent variable was negatively skewed, for the most discriminating easy or difficult items, limited-information estimates of both parameters were considerably biased. Full-information estimates obtained by marginalizing over a normal distribution were somewhat biased. Full-information estimates obtained by integrating over the true latent distribution were essentially unbiased. For the a parameters, standard errors were larger for the limited-information estimates when the bias was positive but smaller when the bias was negative. For the d parameters, standard errors were larger for the limited-information estimates of the easiest, most discriminating items. Otherwise, they were generally similar for the limited- and full-information estimates. Sample size did not substantially impact the differences between the estimation methods; limited information did not gain an advantage for smaller samples.     

Towards systemic support of pupils with emotional and behavioural disorders

Children with emotional and behavioural disorders (EBD) vary in many respects. In school, specific conditions have to be fulfilled in order to deal adequately with EBD. This study addresses the question how mainstream primary schools design different instructional situations to support pupils with EBD in practice, and how this design could be improved to enhance positive effects on the functioning of pupils with EBD in particular. Theoretically, three sets of educational conditions seem most relevant; the instructional and social–emotional environment, the system of detection and intervention, and the support given to teachers and schools. Case studies were conducted at twelve mainstream primary schools in five different regions in the Netherlands. The results show that the schools focus on providing an adequate social–emotional environment and a corresponding system to detect and manage EBD. However, they lack a coherent pedagogical–didactic structure to integrate diagnosis, special or mainstream curricular levels and materials, and reliable or valid evaluation of social learning results. In addition, they mostly lack a systematic approach to obtaining information from and collaborating with parents and other professionals or external agencies. Specific educational and instructional changes are suggested as concrete possibilities to improve early detection, intervention, and prevention with respect to EBD in mainstream primary schools.     

波洛克与19世纪英美契约法

契约法的基本精神在19世纪发生了根本变革,契约理论中原有的道德、德性等概念被清除。具体到英美契约法,被清除的是在背后束缚着意志自治与契约自由的家长式道德考虑,这一进程伴随着英国司法改革、法学教育改革以及整个英美法学术传统的转变。作为英美普通法学家中的杰出一员,波洛克通过《契约法原理》及其他相关著作中对"允诺中心论"的创建与对契约法进行体系化的尝试,为英美契约法在19世纪的发展作出了自己的独特贡献,并且在对《契约法原理》的不断修订中,突出了"合理预期"在"允诺中心论"中的地位,顺应了契约法在后古典时代的发展趋势。     

建设优秀儒家传统文化传承体系的三个维度——以社会主义核心价值体系建设为视角

建设优秀儒家传统文化传承体系是一个系统工程,要从内容维度、表达维度和接受维度展开并保持三者的辩证统一。在社会主义核心价值体系建设的视域中,在内容维度要使对优秀儒家文化内蕴的诠释常态化,在表达维度要使优秀儒家文化形成“仁爱”、“富裕”、“公正”、“中庸”、“和谐”的核心范畴,在接受维度要使形式载体系统化和多样化。     

直隶商会的法制活动述略

直隶商会是20世纪上半叶直隶地区最有力量的资产阶级新式社团.作为一种新型的社会中介组织,它活跃于政府与工商业者之间,通过参与立法、仲裁商事纠纷、培育法律意识、引导以法维权等活动,推动了近代商事法律制度的建构与完善,对维护工商业者的合法权益,促进近代民族工商业的发展发挥了积极作用.     

演化视角下的产学研技术联盟组建模式研究

旨在研究产学研技术联盟组建模式的动态特征,分析产学研技术联盟组建模式转变的主要标志。基于协同理论的相关方法,构建了产学研技术联盟创新系统的演化方程。经过分析,给出了产学研技术联盟不同的组建模式,并认为产学研技术联盟的主体变换是其组建模式转变的关键因素,在必要时刻还应当发挥政府参与的关键作用。     

都市圈协同创新机理研究：基于协同学的区域创新观

在分析协同学基本原理基础上剖析了都市圈协同创新的内在机理;分析了都市圈协同创新的序参量、控制参量和自组织演化过程;指出都市圈协同创新系统是不同创新子系统间协同及系统内各要素的相互作用,形成企业、政府、中介机构、研究组织为序参量的有序集合,其中非线性机制是都市圈协同创新系统要素耦合的根本机制;放大涨落是都市圈协同创新系统的基本效应。由此,为提升都市圈区域创新能力,需遵循协同学机理,构建都市圈跨区域的协同创新网络,形成有序的自组织创新机制。     

创新港湾：新时期科技成果产业化模式的理论思考和顶层设计

回顾了科技成果产业化领域现有各种理论的局限。从科技成果产业化的过程和主体两个角度,分析了科技成果产业化的两个基本规律。提出新时期科技成果产业化应当实现从系统观向生态观的转变。在此基础上,提出创新港湾理论,并对其核心要素和运作模式进行了初步剖析。     

基于神经网络的电动黄油枪运行参数的预测

本文首先介绍了神经网络预测控制模型,然后建立BP网络预测模型并运用Matlab编程语言,对黄油枪的运行参数进行预测。预测用的学习样本和测试数据都是实际测量数据,经过BP网络训练与测试达到了相应的要求。从测试结果看,采用输入参数正常的数据所得到的预测误差很小,而采用异常输入数据则产生了较大的预测误差。说明该网络预测模型有较高的准确性,能够预测出产品的异常运行参数,为产品的质量控制提供可靠依据。