组织支持认知与领导—成员交换对员工回报的影响实证研究

根据组织支持认知(Perce ived O rgan izational Support)和领导—成员交换(LeaderM ember Exchange)的研究,员工既与组织也与主管建立了社会交换关系。在借鉴国内外的相关理论的基础上,通过100对主管和员工的问卷调查验证了企业员工的组织支持认知对他们的任务绩效、组织公民行为和组织承诺有正向的影响;而企业员工的领导—成员交换认知对他们的组织公民行为有正向的影响。     

Trusting Virtual Trust

Can trust evolve on the Internet between virtual strangers? Recently, Pettit answered this question in the negative. Focusing on trust in the sense of ‘dynamic, interactive, and trusting’ reliance on other people, he distinguishes between two forms of trust: primary trust rests on the belief that the other is trustworthy, while the more subtle secondary kind of trust is premised on the belief that the other cherishes one’s esteem, and will, therefore, reply to an act of trust in kind (‘trust-responsiveness’). Based on this theory Pettit argues that trust between virtual strangers is impossible: they lack all evidence about one another, which prevents the imputation of trustworthiness and renders the reliance on trust-responsiveness ridiculous. I argue that this argument is flawed, both empirically and theoretically. In several virtual communities amazing acts of trust between pure virtuals have been observed. I propose that these can be explained as follows. On the one hand, social cues, reputation, reliance on third parties, and participation in (quasi-) institutions allow imputing trustworthiness to varying degrees. On the other, precisely trust-responsiveness is also relied upon, as a necessary supplement to primary trust. In virtual markets, esteem as a fair trader is coveted while it contributes to building up one’s reputation. In task groups, a hyperactive style of action may be adopted which amounts to assuming (not: inferring) trust. Trustors expect that their virtual co-workers will reply in kind while such an approach is to be considered the most appropriate in cyberspace. In non-task groups, finally, members often display intimacies while they are confident someone else ‘out there’ will return them. This is facilitated by the one-to-many, asynchronous mode of communication within mailing lists.     

双元领导对新员工社会化适应与创新的双路径影响研究

基于双元领导理论、创新理论和组织社会化理论,旨在探究双元领导对新员工社会化适应与创新的影响机制与边界条件。以354名企业新员工为调查对象,运用层次回归分析方法对概念模型进行检验。结果表明:(1)双元领导与新员工创新行为和任务绩效呈显著正相关;(2)角色宽度自我效能感在双元领导与新员工创新行为之间起部分中介作用;(3)角色清晰在双元领导与任务绩效之间起完全中介作用;(4)领导力对双元领导与角色宽度自我效能感和角色清晰之间的正向关系具有显著的强化效应。最后,对研究结果和研究意义进行了讨论并对未来研究做了展望。     

Interest in an expository text: How does it flow from reading to writing?

This study investigated the flow of interest in a reading-to-write activity. It was hypothesized that (a) different contents in a text would stimulate different types of interest and (b) different writing tasks would impact differently students’ use of interesting text segments. Participants were 247 11th- and 12th-grade students, who were divided into 6 groups according to a 2 (interesting vs. uninteresting topic) × 3 (type of writing task) design. While reading, students rated novelty, curiosity, impressiveness, importance, and willingness to reflect on each text segment. Participants were then assigned to one of three writing tasks, namely argumentation, text designing, and composition. Results showed that concepts were regarded as important, events/activities as impressive, and evaluations as most worthy of reflection. Topic interest was explicitly expressed mainly in the argumentation condition, where increased topic interest scores after reading and writing were also found.     

构建以语言教学为核心的语文教学体系

当前迫切需要研究和建立科学发展的学科理论,从语文学科的基本性质出发,以语文教学的基本任务为核心,以读写听说的语言教学为主体,正确处理语言教学基本任务带动思想教育、文学教学、知识教学等其他任务的主从关系,构建以语言教学为主要线索的语文教学体系,充分发挥语文教师的主导作用,无论是教语文还是学语文,坚持从语言出发再回到语言的基本教学原则。     

基于任务教学法的新视野大学英语课程设计

任务教学法是注重培养学生应用能力和创新能力的一种新型教学法。通过对任务的界定、任务的类型和任务的实施进行陈述,以新视野大学英语课堂设计为范例,着重对任务教学法在大学英语教学中的运用进行了探讨,并提出有益的启示。     

管好“责任田” 提高学生综合素质——一种有效的大学英语教学模式

对传统的教学模式进行分析和思考,发现当今学生的学习情趣、思维方式、处世理念发生了重大变化,教学已不再是按某一既定的模式展开,异步自主学习越来越呈现明显的优势。教师隐身,以学生为中心,运用"责任田"方式,构建课堂、网络、社会三位一体的大学英语教学模式值得探讨。     

分心作业对环境主导注意型运动员返回抑制的影响

考察分心作业对环境主导注意型运动员返回抑制时程的影响。采用线索—靶子范式,试验1和试验2分别以普通大学生、新手型运动员和专家型运动员各16名作为被试,包括3种SOA水平(200 ms,400 ms,700 ms)。在试验1和试验2的中央注视点分别安排无分心作业和有分心作业,对3组被试之间的返回抑制时程进行比较。试验1结果表明:无分心作业时,普通大学生在SOA为400 ms和700 ms出现返回抑制,新手型运动员和专家型运动员在SOA为200 ms、400 ms和700 ms均出现返回抑制;试验2结果表明:有分心作业时,普通大学生与新手型运动员的返回抑制消失,专家型运动员在SOA为400 ms和700 ms仍然保留返回抑制。环境主导注意型运动员具有更强的返回抑制能力,专家型运动员能够采取更为有效的注意加工策略,表现出较好的认知控制能力或抗干扰能力。     

集装箱码头发箱任务的集卡指派模型

为提高集装箱运输车(以下简称集卡)利用率,在分析和总结国内外码头集卡调度经验的基础上,建立集装箱码头发箱任务的集卡指派模型.通过Aimms平台对该模型进行求解,实现装船作业过程中集卡的自动指派功能.大量的算例分析和实际测试已验证该模型的有效性和实用性.     

企业网络组织治理机制与绩效:基于协同视角的研究

从行为导向的视角,运用扎根理论剖析出企业网络组织协同的构成与特征,探讨了协同影响网络组织绩效的三重路径,即高质量信息传递、组织互动学习以及信任与嵌入,并基于此分析了三重路径作用发挥的机理。