构建新型的师生关系

师生关系的状况如何与课堂教学氛围的营造有着直接的密切的关系,新型的师生关系应是平等的朋友关系。教师既是学生的“教师”,也是学生的“朋友”,要尊重理解学生,注重与学生的沟通与交流,努力营造互动的教学氛围、宽松的发展空间。     

The virtual class is coming

A long term action research programme initiated in 1987 by the Department of Communication Studies at the Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, is seeking to develop a virtual class. The virtual class is regarded as the critical component of a new educational paradigm for an information society. The action research programme takes the form of a spiral of cyclical attempts to create a virtual class. Each attempt is seen as a syntagmatic episode of a virtual class paradigm attempted in the light of an existing paradigm. The results of each syntagmatic episode are seen as influencing the further development of the paradigm.     

从民间祭祀看商洛民众的信仰风俗

民间祭祀活动是展示信仰风俗的主要载体。商洛民间祭祀活动十分普遍,大致可以分为祭祖和祭神两种类型。考察商洛民间祭祀活动可以发现,商洛民众的信仰表现出三个特点,即泛神性和实用性、威严性和消遣性、畏惧心理和依赖心理的复杂纠合,这也是建设商洛经济和商洛文化不容忽视的客观存在。     

Responding to the challenge of providing stronger research base for teacher education: research discourses in the Norwegian national research school for teacher education

Background and purpose: The purpose of this article is to shed light on how the research projects of 140 PhD candidates in the National Research School for Teacher Education in Norway (NAFOL) respond to the challenges faced by Norwegian teacher education regarding the demand for higher competence and a stronger research base. The concept of NAFOL is of interest from an international perspective because of its focus on facilitating teacher educators to achieve a PhD. Since 2001, Norwegian educational policy has had a strong focus on strengthening teacher education and making it more research-based than before. From 2017, all new teachers in Norway are expected to take a master’s degree. In order to accomplish this, there is a need for many new supervisors with a PhD in teacher education institutions. NAFOL is a unique project: a consortium of 23 participating network institutions within teacher education. The research school includes 140 research fellows, all of whom wish to achieve a PhD suitable for work in teacher education. The research school is funded by the Norwegian Research Council, originally for a project period from 2010 to 2016. The research school has had a positive external midway evaluation, and the project period has been extended with four cohorts of students to the end of 2021. However, this study is the first one looking into the research projects of this young generation of teacher education researchers. The research question posed in this article is: how do the research projects of the NAFOL PhD candidates contribute to the research base in teacher education? Main argument: The main argument in this article is that the potential impact of this research school is dependent on the quality of the large number of PhD projects connected to teacher education and education in general developed within the research school. The quality is likely to be good because, among other reasons, these projects are scrutinised by the research school community. The challenges these research projects face, located as they are between solidarity regarding grants from the funds financing the PhD candidates, solidarity with the aims of education, and the wish to contribute to innovation, might prove to be able to be met. These research projects have the potential to create innovation in teacher education research through ‘border crossing’ between different educational discourses, as well as through creating new knowledge in meta-studies based on the results from several projects. Sources of evidence and method: In this article, project abstracts from 140 PhD candidates participating in NAFOL are analysed in terms of their theme and problem formulation. The analysis is inspired by discourse analytical thinking – namely that in a certain situation, several conditions for action exist. In this study, these conditions for action are made apparent in the choice of theme and problem formulation in the research projects. The content analysis is focused on ‘signal words’, because these words might signal positioning in different educational discourses. Results: In the study, three main discourses can be seen as influencing the choice of topic and the problem formulation in the projects: a goal-oriented educational discourse, a ‘Bildung’ (i.e. character formation, or personal growth – ‘danning’ in Norwegian) and democracy discourse, and a critical knowledge-producing discourse. These discourses are constituted when the PhD candidates start their research projects but the conditions for action are ever-changing and, hence, the findings in this study cannot, of course, be considered as ‘final’. The development of these discourses within the research community of NAFOL is one way of scrutinising the research projects in order to make a contribution to qualified teacher education research. Conclusion: ‘Border crossing’ between discourses in research projects concerned with what might be, and what can make a difference in a knowledge society could be a key way of enhancing the future for a young generation of researchers in teacher education. The research projects carried out by the PhD candidates in NAFOL have the potential to develop both new knowledge and new discourses of importance for Norwegian teacher education, as well as for a broader international context regarding professional development in teacher education and education in general. The view of the teacher education profession – and on what a teacher educator can be – could become more fully informed than before the candidates’ participation in the research school.     

寻找灵魂的现代人--陈染小说思想内涵探析

在中西文化的交汇处,在"知生知死"的终极意义上,个体有限生存面对无限广袤世界,对生命的意义进行形而上的追问,以此确定人生的价值取向、处世态度,这是陈染在小说领域坚持的一个可贵姿态,亦是中西文化的一个敏感的交接点.我们发现,经历了文艺复兴,经历了启蒙运动,科学和理性发达与伸张,进入现代化的西方世界,并未获得精神的平衡与满足,依然保持着对生命形而上追问的焦灼和对精神家园的瞩望,"生命不堪承受之轻".陈染以其聪慧和敏感,率先探足在寻找现代人精神家园的道路上,并在这条精神探险的道路上走得心事重重、困厄重重.     

信仰·宗教·邪教

信仰、宗教、邪教三者既相互区别又紧密联系。它们分别对个人乃至整个社会都产生了不同程度的影响。信仰最终要从宗教中解放出来 ,而宗教的世俗化却又使现代社会面临着严峻的挑战     

民族偏远地区基础英语教学的几点建议

本文基于对我校英语专业三年级学生英语作文中典型的、低层次的语言错误情况进行的分析 ,结合课堂教学观摩、问卷调查结果 ,探讨、反思民族偏远地区基础英语教育存在的主要问题 ,然后 ,针对这些问题 ,从师资培训、合作行动研究及第二语言习得有关理论角度提出几点建议     

Perceived efficacy of teachers in Macao and their alacrity to engage with inclusive education

ABSTRACT

This paper reports findings of a mixed methods study examining private school teachers’ perceptions of efficacy in dealing with the challenges presented by inclusive education in Macao. This is highly pertinent after the Government invited consultation to propose changes to amendments of the Decree Law of 1996 concerning the education of students with Special Education Needs (SEN) which will likely see private schools being required to accept these students in the future. Within the context of teacher preparedness for inclusive education, the study found that a number of teachers felt that they were not at all prepared to teach students with SEN. Whilst some teachers suggested that they lacked skills and knowledge in teaching in inclusive classrooms, some felt overwhelmed with the challenges. The teachers proposed that they would need to know how to provide instructional adaptations and modifications to support students with SEN. Implications for continuous development of teacher training and education are discussed within the context of improving teacher efficacy and how private school teachers could better respond to the challenges of inclusive education in Macao.     

对高校教师体质观念及现状的调查与分析

本文对高校教师的体制观念、行为模式、体制现状进行了较为深入的研究和探讨，并得出了一些规律性的、共性的结果，同时提出了提高高校教师体质观念，体质水平的相关建议。     

语文教学语言艺术探微

教学语言艺术对课堂教学效果起着非常重要的作用,教师的语言在很大程度上决定着学生学习的效率。因此教学语言必须规范准确,具有逻辑性;生动形象,富有启发性;情真意切,深于传情;诙谐含蓄,具有趣味性。