关于个性化实验室人员素质的思考

个性化实验室的建设对实验技术队伍的素质提出了新的更高的要求。该文在深刻剖析个性化实验室特色实验的基础上,提出了更新观念,引入较高层次优秀人才参加实验室工作,做好现有实验技术人员的培训工作,“以学生为主体”、“以教师为主导”,充分发挥实验技术辅导人员的作用等措施,确保个性化实验室建设和管理工作更上新台阶。     

关于提高本科人才培养质量的几点思考

实施“质量工程”,提高人才培养质量要树立科学质量观,明确人才培养目标,精心制定培养方案;加强教师队伍建设,形成一支高水平的教学团队;强化实践教学环节,加强科研训练,培养学生的创新能力;加强特色专业建设,探索创新型人才培养模式。     

育人为本实践为基创新为魂

我校信息科学与技术实验教学中心于2007年经江苏省教育厅批准成为省级示范实验教学中心。建设的目标在于提高学生的实践能力和创新能力,服务于学校开展的卓越工程师人才培养计划。在讨论了建设思路的基础上,提出了体系化实践平台的构建思路,并就实验教学方法的改进以及实验教师队伍的建设等方面作了探讨。     

高校高水平运动队教练领导行为与团队凝聚力模型构建

通过对高校高水平运动队的问卷调查,分析我国高校高水平运动队教练领导行为、训练比赛满意感与团队凝聚力之间的关系,构建教练领导行为与团队凝聚力之间的模型,为进一步推动我国高校高水平运动队的建设提供一定的参考.     

我国优秀青少年男排运动员专项体能特征的评价研究

运用文献资料、专家访谈、录像观察和数理统计等科研方法,以东京奥运周期中23届和24届羽毛球世锦赛成绩为主要依据,分析我国男子羽毛球发展现状及各国在各单项上的竞技实力,前瞻东京奥运会周期世界男子羽毛球竞争格局。结论如下：我国男子羽毛球队虽然取得了不少成绩,但也面临着人才青黄不接、年轻选手比赛经验不足,心理素质较差、技战术观念滞后等的尴尬局面。在竞争格局上,中国男子羽毛球队在世界羽坛上的优势地位遭到了严峻挑战,以丹麦为首的西方国家羽毛球队实力逐渐增强,亚欧之间的竞争力呈缩小之态势。在男子单打项目上,呈现出群雄逐鹿的局面;男子双打项目,则呈现出三足鼎立之势;混双方面,我国实力强劲,力压群雄,保持着较强的竞技水平。     

The effect of beetroot juice supplementation on repeat-sprint performance in hypoxia

This investigation assessed the effect of dietary nitrate (NO₃^?) supplementation, in the form of beetroot juice (BR), on repeat-sprint performance in normoxia and normobaric hypoxia. 12 male team-sport athletes (age 22.3 ± 2.6 y, VO_2peak 53.1 ± 8.7 mL.kg^?1.min^?1) completed three exercise trials involving a 10 min submaximal warm-up and 4 sets of cycling repeat-sprint efforts (RSE; 9 × 4 s) at sea level (CON), or at 3000 m simulated altitude following acute supplementation (140 mL) with BR (HYP_BR; 13 mmol NO₃^?) or NO₃^–depleted BR placebo (HYP_PLA). Peak (PPO) and mean (MPO) power output, plus work decrement were recorded during the RSE task, while oxygen consumption (VO₂) was measured during the warm-up. There were no significant differences observed between HYP_BR and HYP_PLA for PPO or MPO; however, work decrement was reduced in the first RSE set in HYP_BR compared with HYP_PLA. There was a moderate effect for VO₂ to be lower following BR at the end of the 10 min warm-up (ES = 0.50 ± 0.51). Dietary NO₃^? may not improve repeat-sprint performance in hypoxia but may reduce VO₂ during submaximal exercise. Therefore, BR supplementation may be more effective for performance improvement during predominantly aerobic exercise.     

草根体育组织规范化发展研究——以我国跑团为例

以我国草根组织中的典型组织——跑团为例,分析了我国跑团兴起的主要原因,发展过程中存在的问题：跑团内部机制不健全,治理方式滞后;缺乏稳定的社会资源;政府职能部门引导、扶持不力;相关的规章制度、法律不够完善;较难获得合法身份致使发展受阻,缺少主管单位监督和行业自律;跑团存在多种安全隐患;对于各种跑团社交软件及社交平台的管理不够。据此提出了对策：对跑团进行分级分类管理,充分发挥中国田协的指导与监督作用,政府部门不断完善跑步公共服务体系,加强跑团制度建设与规范管理,健全安全健康监管保障体系。     

A novel sleep optimisation programme to improve athletes’ well-being and performance

Objectives: To improve well-being and performance indicators in a group of Australian Football League (AFL) players via a six-week sleep optimisation programme. Design: Prospective intervention study following observations suggestive of reduced sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness in an AFL group. Methods: Athletes from the Adelaide Football Club were invited to participate if they had played AFL senior-level football for 1–5 years, or if they had excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS] >10), measured via ESS. An initial education session explained normal sleep needs, and how to achieve increased sleep duration and quality. Participants (n?=?25) received ongoing feedback on their sleep, and a mid-programme education and feedback session. Sleep duration, quality and related outcomes were measured during week one and at the conclusion of the six-week intervention period using sleep diaries, actigraphy, ESS, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Profile of Mood States, Training Distress Scale, Perceived Stress Scale and the Psychomotor Vigilance Task. Results: Sleep diaries demonstrated an increase in total sleep time of approximately 20?min (498.8?±?53.8 to 518.7?±?34.3; p?<?.05) and a 2% increase in sleep efficiency (p?<?0.05). There was a corresponding increase in vigour (p?<?0.001) and decrease in fatigue (p?<?0.05). Conclusions: Improvements in measures of sleep efficiency, fatigue and vigour indicate that a sleep optimisation programme may improve athletes’ well-being. More research is required into the effects of sleep optimisation on athletic performance.     

Combined individual scrummaging kinetics and muscular power predict competitive team scrum success

Scrummaging is a major component of Rugby Union gameplay. Successful scrummaging is dependent on the coordination of the forward players and the strength of the eight individuals. The study aim was to determine whether individual scrummaging kinetics and other candidate factors associated with scrummaging performance discriminate team scrum performances. Sixteen club-level forwards (stature: 1.80?±?0.1?m; mass: 99.0?±?18.2?kg) were initially divided into two scrummaging packs. A total of 10 various scrum permutations were tested, where players were randomly swapped between the two packs. Winning scrums were determined by two observers on opposite sides of the scrum. Fatigue (100?mm visual analogue scale (VAS)) and scrummaging effort (6–20 rating of perceived exertion (RPE)) were assessed following each scrum contest. Individual scrummaging kinetics were acquired through an instrumented scrum ergometer and muscular power indicated through vertical jump heights. Student’s t-tests were used to differentiate between winning and losing scrum packs. VAS and RPE were assessed using repeated measures ANOVAs. Winning scrum packs had significantly larger combined force magnitudes (p?<?.002), regardless of the player contribution calculations. Additionally, winning packs had less individual movement (p?=?.033) and higher combined vertical jump heights (p?<?.001) but were not significantly heavier (p?=?.759) than losing scrum packs. While perceived VAS and RPE values progressively increased (p?<?.001), no differences in the individual scrum magnitudes were observed between the 1st and 10th scrum (p?=?.418). The results indicated that the combination of individual forces, variation in movement and factors related to scrummaging performance, such as vertical jump height, were associated with team scrummaging success.