新形势下高职生择业观现状调查及教育对策研究——以安徽国防科技职业学院机电一体化专业为例

通过对安徽国防科技职业学院机电一体化专业学生的择业观和就业意向进行持续性调查和深入分析,剖析高职学生择业观教育过程中的影响因素及存在的问题,并从教育环境、教育机制、教育评价机制等方面提出解决对策,以期引导大学生树立正确的择业观。     

An examination of the relationship between social self-efficacy and personal growth initiative in international context

The cross-cultural transitioning experience of international students has been viewed as a high-impact practice for student learning. International students experience both challenges and growth opportunities when they encounter new peoples and environments. However, limited research exists on the student factors that predict benefits, growth or resilience for international students through their cross-cultural transitioning experience. This study investigated social self-efficacy as a predictor of personal growth initiative amongst international students, above and beyond demographic and linguistic factors. In addition, the factorial structure of Personal Growth Initiative Scale-II was examined. Our results indicated that the perceived ability to successfully negotiate social situations and produce positive social interactions predict greater personal growth initiative and its dimensions regardless of students’ language proficiency. Moreover, results from the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) provided further support for the first-order four-factor structure of the PGIS-II. Results have implications for improving international student integration, because efforts to support students’ social self-efficacy are linked to their personal growth initiative.     

Validity and Reliability of Three Self-Report Instruments for Assessing Attainment of Physical Activity Guidelines in University Students

The purpose of this study was to compare the validity and reliability of three short physical activity self-report instruments to determine their potential for use with university student populations. The participants (N = 155; 44.5% male; 22.9 ± 5.13 years) wore an accelerometer for 9 consecutive days and completed a single-item measure, the a brief two item measure and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form questionnaires on day 1 and 9. Correlations between self-reported and accelerometer derived moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels were moderate for the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form, while poor for the single-item measure and the a brief two item measure. The agreement level was high with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form (77.4%) and moderate for both the single-item measure (45.2 %) and a brief two item measure (44.5 %). The intraclass correlations between the two administrations were moderate to strong across all measures (0.52–0.70) in 133 participants. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form is the most suitable of these three self-report instruments for use with this population due to higher correlations and levels of agreement with accelerometry.     

运动处方及心理辅导对大学生网络成瘾的干预研究

通过问卷调查法和试验法探讨运动处方和心理辅导对大学生网络成瘾的影响.结果:运动处方和心理辅导干预后,网络成瘾者摆脱了网瘾状态;网络成瘾者心理指标中躯体化、强迫症状、敌对等3 项因子经过干预恢复到了正常,而精神病性、人际关系等因子需要进一步干预;运动处方和心理辅导明显改善了网络成瘾大学生的体适能健康指标BMI、引体向上、坐位体前屈和最大摄氧量.提示运动干预和心理辅导的结合是有益于网瘾戒除的,在帮助戒除网瘾的基础上增强了学生体质,是大学生网络成瘾戒除的有效手段.     

分组分层教学对大学生体质与心理健康促进的实证研究

目的:通过实证研究探讨分组分层教学对大学生体质和心理健康的影响.方法:研究对象为普通大学生,随机分为实验组和对照组,开展15周的实践教学,实验前后测试心理和体质健康指标.结果:1、与对照组相比,实验组体质健康指标:(1)身高、肺活量、1000m(男)、800m(女)和50m,五个测试指标差异显著(P＜0.05);(2)立定跳远、坐位体前屈和引体向上(男),三个测试指标差异非常显著(P＜0.01);2、与对照组相比,实验组心理健康指标:(1)躯体化、焦虑症、强迫症、偏执四个指标差异显著(P＜0.05);(2)人际关系敏感、敌对和抑郁症三个指标差异非常显著(P＜0.01);3、心理健康水平与体质健康有相关性.结论:分组分层教学能有效改善大学生的体质健康和心理健康状况,提升大学生体质健康和心理健康水平,心理健康水平与体质健康有相关性.     

1995-2014年羌族中小学生体质健康发展态势研究*

依据全国学生体质与健康调研报告并结合实地调查,采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法、数据统计法和对比研究法,分别对1995~2014年间羌族7-17岁中小学生的身高、体重、胸围、肺活量、50m跑、坐位体前屈六项共性指标进行数据统计分析.结果表明:羌族中小学生身体形态发育水平总体趋势不断提升,身体素质和身体机能下降幅度有所减缓,羌族中小学生整体体质健康状况不容乐观.建议严格实施体质健康监测年度报告制度;构建"社会、学校、家庭"三位一体互动式学生体质健康促进模式;多元协同治理促进学生养成健康的生活方式、良好的体育锻炼习惯;改革供给方式加大对羌、汉族经济落后地区的体育经济投入,完善体育设施、设备等.     

北京市男子大学生足球运动员运动损伤特征与风险因素筛查

摘要：目的：掌握北京市男子大学生足球运动员运动损伤的流行情况,对导致运动损伤发生的风险因素进行筛查,为进一步预防男子大学生足球运动损伤的发生提供依据。方法：应用方便分层抽样的方法,对参加北京市男子大学生足球联赛甲、乙、丙组的14所高校249名在校大学生足球运动员的损伤情况进行调查,应用T检验、单因素χ2检验与二元非条件logistic回归模型进行分析。结果与结论：充分了解了北京市男子大学生足球运动员的运动损伤现状和特征;筛查出为运动损伤发生的主要的风险因素;错误的技术动作、对手的粗野动作导致损伤发生的主要诱发事件。     

文化分层理论下我国国民体质下降的归因分析与省思

从文化分层理论的视野对我国国民体质下降的内在原因进行剖析,结果表明:文化深层结构"信仰层"中的不良"体育观"造成体育锻炼在主体需求中的等级与地位过低,导致参加体育锻炼人群的基数下降,进而致使国民体质持续下降;社会不良风气、家庭成员的不良"体育观"以及学校教育作用的缺失是导致人们不良"体育观"产生的主要因素.在省思中提出:解决国民体质下降的问题,其实是如何改善社会不良风气和杜绝不良"体育观"的产生问题,是需要找准问题的基点,"内外兼修";政策并不是解决社会人群不良"体育观"的产生以及社会不良风气蔓延的有效方法,学校体育教育则是解决问题的有效手段,但需要突破人们对体育课程价值的惯有意识,实现"育体"与"育心"的结合.需要破风易俗,改变体育教师的常规做法,提升学校体育教师敬业精神与责任意识.     

美俄日英澳5国体育课程标准研究

摘要：为了解国外体育课程标准现状,为我国体育课程改革提供借鉴。采用文献资料法,对美国、英国、澳大利亚、俄罗斯和日本等国体育课程标准的理念、目标、内容、结构和相关社会背景进行了深入地分析。研究发现：1）5国体育课程标准的制定都以现实社会背景为基础;2）以人为本已经成为5国体育课程标准的共同理念;3）5国体育课程标准目标重视技能并兼顾综合素质;4）5国教育标准内容多关注于健康生活方式的养成;5）5国体育课程标准都是总分式递进分层结构体系。据此,本文对我国体育课程标准的修订和完善提出3点建议：1）正视促进学生身体发展等现实需求,重视运动技能;2）注重以人为本,强调学生社会适应能力的培养;3）完善多级课程体系,提高课程标准的科学性和可操作性。     

Baby-Boomers to ‘Beanstalkers’

ABSTRACT

In the 1950s and early 1960s, the British teenager was presented as a symbol of generational rebellion in the popular press, social investigations, and much political debate. We draw on oral histories, newspapers and the archives of prominent social surveys to question this presentation. By examining how working-class teenagers and their parents experienced and remembered the post-war years, we identify a disjuncture between the literature on moral panic and the widespread evidence of intergenerational cooperation between parents and children. Many working-class parents, enjoying newfound economic security, felt able to encourage their children to enjoy more adventurous lives.