基于三角模糊数的高校图书馆服务质量评价指标权重值研究

针对现在高校图书馆服务质量评价指标测量方法不客观的问题,依据三角模糊数的基本原理,结合图书馆的评价指标,利用图书馆服务质量的调查问卷,通过数据采集,统计分析服务质量评价指标的重要性调查结果,构造三角模糊函数,用重心解模糊化法求解权重值的大小,利用权重值来量化图书馆服务质量评价指标的重要程度,进而分析读者对图书馆需求的变化。     

图书馆系统的用户测试组织案例研究——以中国科学院国家科学图书馆可视化系统为例

由可视化系统开发人员与学科化服务人员共同组成系统测试团队,针对可视化系统的稳定性、功能、质量及用户个性化需求进行问卷设计,在不同领域的科研一线用户中展开问卷调查、回收。通过对问题进行统计、分析,为系统完善提供客观、科学、可信的用户建议。探索协同组织用户测试的模式,归纳用户测试组织流程,为高效组织基于用户需求、提高用户可用性和满意度的图书馆系统用户测试,提供最佳实践案例。     

一种适合检索词推荐的K-means算法最佳聚类数确定方法

从嵌入式NSTL文本推荐系统的检索词推荐需求入手,分析原有方法的不足,引入共词分析方法和分化理论,提出一种新的最佳聚类数确定方法,改进最小类间距离和平均类内距离的计算方法,强化聚类结果的推荐效果,同时使推荐效果可以随着样本数据的变化而动态调整。最后,运用实验验证该方法的有效性。
     

浏览器兼容性自动化测试方法研究

浏览器是 Web 应用程序的客户端软件,针对浏览器兼容性测试的手工效率低,工作量大的问题, 提出了一种并行的自动化测试方法,并将图像匹配技术结合到该自动化测试系统中,解决了脚本编写过程中界面检查点无法设置的问题。对该方法中的自动化测试框架组成结构和测试脚本编写进行了研究,并对如何生成测试结果及输出的测试报告内容进行了说明。为验证方法的有效性针对三款不同的浏览器在Web程序上进行了自动和手动测试时间对比,实验结果表明使用所提出的方法可以使测试速度提升大约3倍。     

基于Nand Flash物理特性的签名私钥产生方法及其应用

Nand Flash是消费类电子设备常用的非易失性存储器件.利用Nand Flash芯片生产过程中所确定的物理特性,能够提取每芯片唯一的数字指纹信息.本文基于这种特性提出利用Nand Flash芯片的数字指纹产生SM2签名私钥的方法.这种方法提取的SM2签名私钥与Nand Flash器件具有可验证的紧耦合特征.本方法与具体的数字签名算法无关,可以应用在任何需要对存储器件或电子设备本身进行基于数字签名的身份鉴别的场合之中.     

再生水回用公众心理感染现象的验证及影响策略

考虑到再生水回用所具备的环保和公益属性,本文通过引入单类内隐联想测验的实验手段,避免了社会偏好等因素对于调查结果的影响,获取了更为接近公众对于再生水回用真实态度的内隐态度。从内隐态度的角度,验证了公众存在因再生水经由污水处理而成,而拒绝使用再生水的“心理感染”现象。并通过将公众对于再生水回用的内隐态度,与通过自陈式问卷获取的公众对于再生水回用的外显态度进行对比,发现了外显态度相对内隐态度更为积极的现象,为当前中国再生水回用推广过程中所遭遇的“叫好不叫座”现象,给出了科学解释。最后,通过在实验室环境下分别模拟环保动机激发策略、示范引导策略和知识普及策略的作用原理,设计干预刺激。并将实验参与人随机分为三组,分别施与三种类型干预刺激。通过比较干预刺激前后实验参与人员的再生水回用内隐态度测量结果,发现环保动机激发,示范引导,知识普及三种类型干预策略均能在一定程度上克服居民对再生水回用的心理感染现象,提升居民再生水回用内隐态度的积极程度,其中示范引导策略的作用效果最为明显。     

Establishing a practical treadmill sprint as an alternative to the Wingate anaerobic test

This study examined the validity and reliability of a 30-second running sprint test using two non-motorized treadmills compared to the established Wingate Anaerobic Test. Twenty-four participants completed three sessions in a randomized order on a: (1) manual mode treadmill (Woodway); (2) specialized interval training treadmill (HiTrainer); and (3) Wingate cycle ergometer. In a subset of 15 participants, 2 additional sessions were completed on both treadmills to establish the test–retest reliability. Peak (Woodway: r = .68; HiTrainer: r = .58; p < .003), average (Woodway: r = .82; HiTrainer: r = .72, p < .001), and minimum (Woodway: r = .64; HiTrainer: r = .42, p < .043) speed indices were moderately to very strongly correlated with corresponding Wingate Anaerobic Test outputs and had excellent test–retest reliability (all intraclass correlation coefficients > .75). Fatigue index during the Wingate Anaerobic Test (51.20 ± 7.14%) was moderately correlated with the Woodway (32.9 ± 10.9%, r = .55, p = .005) only. This 30-second running sprint test may be a valid and reliable mode-specific alternative to the Wingate Anaerobic Test.     

基于“公平性测试”的Altmetrics学术质量评价方法研究

[目的/意义]为了探讨在学科论文评价上,Altmetrics指标间的量度结果是否具有一致性,试图通过已有测量数据构建基于Altmetrics的文献综合评价模型,为评价数据的使用和重用创建新的度量标准。[方法/过程]获取PLoS ALMs上土木工程学科2009年至2016年发表的全部文章的Altmetrics指标,采用相关分析、主成分分析方法将15个原始指标划分到4个主成分,得到适用于具体学科的Altmetrics评价指标体系,并对Altmetrics的单一指标与综合评价指标进行相关度分析,采用"公平性测试"方法探索时间对论文评价相关度的差异。[结果/结论]研究发现采用"公平性测试"方法消除时间影响后,引用指标相关性上升,而与社交媒体传播相关的指标有所下降,但Twitter指标不降反增,且始终与F值具有较高的相关性。     

Current issues in large-scale educational assessment in Japan: focus on national assessment of academic ability and university entrance examinations

Currently, large-scale testing in Japan faces conflicting requirements derived from principles of education on the one hand, and measurement, on the other. Issues of affective ambivalence towards tests (i.e. test aversion and dependence) are also observed. The seemingly conflicting government discussions regarding the national assessment of academic achievement at primary and middle schools, and reforms to university entrance examinations, are discussed here in terms of these issues.     

Prior knowledge in mathematics and study success in engineering: informational value of learner data collected from a web-based pre-course

The article describes the development and evaluation of a web-based pre-course in mathematics, delivered to four cohorts of engineering students at a German university. Based on demographic, personal, and learning-related data relationships between students’ preconditions, their learning gains in the pre-course, and study success in the degree programme were analysed. The results support the existing literature in that domain-related prior knowledge and secondary school achievement play a dominant role regarding study success in engineering. The analyses also showed that the influence of cognitive predictors could only be compensated for by a strong learner engagement. At-risk students with high pre-course learning gains showed significantly better first-year performance. The number of self-tests a student attempted was positively related to pre-course learning gains and even to first-year performance, suggesting that this variable is a good indicator of student engagement.