The role of stimulus salience in young children's ability to discriminate two-dimensional rotations: Reflections on a paradigm

Children's ability to discriminate reflections and rotations of visual stimuli was examined within the confines of a mental rotation task. It was hypothesized that success would be affected by both characteristics of the stimulus and by the subtlety of the discrimination required. Forty 3- to 4-year-old children were directed to mentally rotate a stimulus a given number of degrees and to discriminate the appearance of the rotated stimulus from among a set of alternatives. Four stimuli differing in the number of visual orientation cues were utilized across 24 trials. A significant effect was found for number of orientation cues, and data indicated the difficulty children experienced detecting reflections, a task which bears close resemblance to the yes/no option in prototypic rotation studies. Children were only successful with a limited range of stimuli when discrimination of a reflected foil was not required. Results are discussed in light of discrepant findings about children's kinetic imagery ability and the advisability of using this particular paradigm with young Children.     

刑事诉讼中关于证人出庭问题的思考--以传闻证据规则的构建为视角

目前刑事证人出庭率较低。根据学者和司法实务工作者近几年在不同法院对刑事证人出庭问题的调研和考察情况,可知当前刑事审判实践中该问题仍然较为突出。解决这一问题的重要途径,需要对我国的刑事立法中对证人出庭问题给予更多的重视,逐步形成体系化的传闻证据规则。     

Public and private value in citizen participation in E-governance: Evidence from a government-sponsored green commuting platform

Citizen participation in E-governance is, essentially, a social exchange between individuals and their government through which the citizen creates public value as well as acquires private value. The direct effects of participation antecedents on participation outcomes have been fully examined, but few researchers have investigated the internal mechanism of citizen participation at the level of psychological value perception. The roles of perceived public and private value between the participation antecedents and outcomes remain unclear. Private value merits careful research in particular as the E-governance environment is being shaped by increasing privatization and continuous IT innovation. Based on the cognitive integration theory and the civic voluntarism model, this paper proposes a theoretical framework to examine the mediating roles of two values. We built a complete research model encompassing ten hypotheses centered on citizen e-participation in the context of green commuting governance. By analyzing survey data on a green commuting platform, we demonstrate the significant mediating effects of these two values and greater effect of private value acquisition on continuous e-participation intentions than public value creation. Our results have important research implications in regards to the roles of perceived values in participation, especially perceived private value.     

配偶关系的立法保护浅析--以刑事诉讼法为视角

刑事诉讼立法保护亲密的配偶关系,和追诉犯罪一样,有助于维护社会和谐。一些国家和地区注重保护实质性的配偶关系、落实保护机制、有取舍地予以保护。在我国,非法证据排除规则不能全面地保护配偶关系;配偶可能从对方犯罪的潜在证人转变为包庇、窝藏罪的被追诉人,从而难以发挥对配偶关系的刑事诉讼立法保护;此外,配偶的拒绝出庭作证特权有被架空的倾向。不妨将配偶的拒绝出庭作证特权改为配偶拒绝当面作证特权,在此基础上扩大有权拒绝当面作证的主体范围;并且赋予配偶免于强制搜查权。     

“三位一体”自费留学人员行前培训模式的理论构建及其实施方案

为了维护广大留学人员的根本利益,推动出国留学工作持续健康发展,2012年,教育部在我校建立"教育部出国留学培训与研究中心"(以下简称中心),本研究在此背景下尝试探索建立全新的出国留学人员行前培训机制。本研究分析了开展自费出国留学人员行前培训的必要性,提出了"三位一体"自费出国留学行前培训模式,构建了该模式的基本形态,接下来分析了开展该培训的可行性,制订了培训方案,提出了观察、问卷调查、访谈等培训效果的具体评价方式,制定了培训宣传的具体途径、收费办法和标准等。此外,本研究以理论结合实际的思路,剖析了当前方案实施中可能遇到的如经费、收费办法和标准、工作量的计量、与其他部门的沟通等问题,并提出了应对措施。     

The effects of Success for All in the Netherlands on the reading achievement of first-grade students at risk of reading problems

This article reports outcomes of a quasi-experimental evaluation of Success for All (SfA), a comprehensive school reform program that has recently been introduced in the Netherlands. The Response to Intervention framework is used to describe how SfA supports students at different Tiers. The effects of SfA on five reading subskills were investigated for first-grade students at risk of reading problems. 299 students from two different cohorts were involved. Multilevel analyses demonstrated a significant effect of SfA on reading comprehension (ES = +0.26) in the first cohort. For the second cohort and the other reading subskills, mostly small positive effects of SfA were found, though these effects were not statistically significant. Furthermore, the relationship between tutoring intensity and reading achievement was examined. In the second cohort, a significant negative association of tutoring intensity with word and text reading skills was found. Implementation issues that may have impacted the outcomes are discussed.     

大学生基层就业政策的工具视角分析

近十年来,国家出台了一系列鼓励大学毕业生面向基层就业的政策,这些政策体现了一种工具理性,是实现缓解大学生就业形势、为基层建设吸纳人才目标的有效工具。然而,工具理性并不能达到绝对的理性,政府的有限理性决定了大学生基层就业政策仍需进行不断的完善。     

鲁艺艺术教育问题的反思

鲁艺的艺术教育在发展过程中出现了“关门提高”的倾向,这种带有教条主义色彩的错误倾向导致了理论与实际脱节,学与用分离。毛泽东在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话,指明中国新文艺应“面向工农兵”的新方向,解决了过去许多年来中国新文艺运动史上所未曾解决的原则问题,也直接指导了鲁艺的艺术教育和艺术活动的根本改造。文艺座谈会后,鲁艺对艺术教育中出现的问题进行了彻底的反思,积极调整了教育方针,重新进入了正确发展的轨道。     

基层法院民事审判权的解构

民事审判权是法院对民事案件进行审理,并作出裁判的权力,担负着解决平等主体之间纠纷的功能,主要包括审理权和裁判权两个方面。在基层法院的民事案件审判工作中,可以发现,民事审判权发挥出不同的作用,尤其是调解、简易程序等方面,有其优势但也暴露出种种缺陷。因此,分析基层法院的民事审判权并提出相关建议显得很有必要。     

刑事审判程序中调查证据方式之比较考察

庭审中的证据调查是审判程序的核心内容,两大法系在庭审中对证据调查的方式由于各自奉行的诉讼模式的区别,在证据调查的启动、范围和推进等方面均有着明显的不同。通过对两大法系诉讼模式的考察比照,我国也有着自己特有的庭审证据调查方式。