关于劳动生产率影响商品价值量问题的思考

在传统的劳动价值理论中，劳动生产率作为影响商品价值量的重要因素，与单位商品价值量的关系成反比，已是理论界长期广泛应用的定论。但若深化对这一理论的研究，我们还能发现，从简单劳动和社会必要劳动时间这两个前提出发，我们完全能获得劳动生产率与单位商品价值量关系的另一解：劳动生产率的变化(提高或降低)，与劳动劳动量的支付能力成正比，与单位商品价值量的大小无关，与单位时间内商品的价值总量成正比。这一认识也是对商品价值量与劳动生产率间的真实关系的描述，这样的认识并不妨碍我们对传统经济理论的若干重要问题的理解，且可能提供出一个解释现代社会诸多经济现象的新视角。     

Time motion analysis of 2001 and 2002 super 12 rugby

The aim of this study was to quantify movements of Super 12 rugby players in competition because information on elite rugby players' movements is unavailable. Players were categorized into forwards [front (n = 16) and back row (n = 15)] and backs [inside (n = 9) and outside backs (n = 7)] and their movements analysed by video-based time motion analysis. Movements were classified as rest (standing, walking and jogging) and work (striding, sprinting, static exertion, jumping, lifting or tackling). The total time, number and duration of individual activities were assessed, with differences between groups evaluated using independent sample t-tests (unequal variances), while differences between halves were assessed with paired sample t-tests. Forwards had 7:47?min:s (95% confidence limits: 6:39 to 8:55?min:s, P<0.01) more time in static exertion than backs, but backs spent 0:52 (0:34 to 1:09, P = 0.01) min:s more time sprinting than forwards, and had a 0.7 (0.3 to 1.2, P = 0.01) s longer duration of each sprint. Forwards spent 7:31 (5:55 to 9:08) min:s more time in work activities (P = 0.01) and had 2.1 (1.3 to 2.8) s longer work durations (P<0.01) than backs. The results indicate frequent short duration (<4?s) work efforts followed by moderate duration (<20?s) rest for forwards, and extended (>100?s) rest duration for backs. High-intensity efforts involved static exertion for forwards (mean?±?standard deviation frequency = 80?±?17) and sprinting for backs (27?±?9). In conclusion, after nearly a decade since becoming professional, elite rugby union is still characterized by highly intense, intermittent movement patterns and marked differences in the competition demands of forwards and backs.     

Fractionated Reaction Time Responses to Auditory and Electrocutaneous Stimuli

Abstract

It is well documented that simple reaction time (RT) varies inversely with stimulus intensity, but there is disagreement as to which stimulus modality produces the fastest simple RT. An investigation was conducted to equate two stimulus modalities, auditory (A) and electrocutaneous (EC), using varying stimulus intensities in a simple RT protocol. A second investigation was then conducted to examine neuromotor characteristics of stimulus-evoked responses using previously equated A and EC stimuli of varying intensity from the first investigation. Results showed that RT, premotor time (PMT), and motor time (MT) were all inversely related to stimulus intensity, while maximum displacement (MAXD) was directly related to stimulus intensity, and movement time was not affected by stimulus intensity. We conclude that: (a) both central and peripheral components of RT are altered by varying stimulus intensities, and (b) rapid movements are enhanced by increasing stimulus intensity.     

试述现代科学训练的主要特征

根据现代运动训练学科的发展趋势,从运动训练的过程、人员机构和外部联系3个主要方面对现代科学训练的特征进行论述.     

竞技体育资源有效配置的度量分析

根据劳动价值理论,对竞技体育资源的有效配置进行了度量分析,建立了竞技体育资源有效配置的度量模型,为定量分析竞技体育资源的有效配置提供方法。阐述了竞技体育资源有效配置终极价值、现实价值的度量模型构建及其意义。     

我国成年人选择反应时状况分析

采用实验及数理统计法，对2000年国家国民体质监测的成年组（20～69岁）约173600人的选择反应时进行统计分析。结果表明：我国成年人的选择反应时先是随年龄的增长而减少，男子在22岁、女子在21岁之后随年龄的增长而延长。男子的选择反应时要短于女子，差异具有高度显著性（P〈0．01）；体质水平与选择反应时呈中度负相关归（r=-0．546），体质好的人群选择反应时要短；参与锻炼人群的选择反应时要短于不锻炼的人群，差异具有非常显著性（P〈0．001）。     

现代社会中的学校课余体育

通过查阅文献资料,在首先论述了课余体育的内容形式后．指出“社会进步与发展为课余体育提供了良好的物质保障”的同时。分析了课余体育在现代社会生活中的地位与作用。建议学校教育只有重视并支持课余体育的发展,才能使学校的体育活动更加丰富生动,保障学生良好锻炼习惯的养成。     

三种综合脉冲星时算法的研究和比较

建立在小波分析基础上的综合脉冲星时算法,能把脉冲星的观测计时残差在小波域分解,提取出不同频率范围的分量,然后用小波方差表征脉冲星在不同频率范围的稳定度来对单脉冲星时进行加权平均,得到综合脉冲星时;脉冲星的计时残差包括了计时参考的原子钟的误差和与脉冲星本身有关的计时误差两部分,用维纳滤波的方法可以将两者进行一定区分,并消除掉估计的参考钟误差,将剩余部分作为计时残差实现对脉冲星计时的综合。实验证明,小波分析和维纳滤波方法比经典的加权算法更好,得到的综合脉冲星时的长期稳定度有了较大提高。     

“物是人非”的哲学意蕴

马克思的实践时空观强调人的实践活动在事物发展过程中的作用。当下,在人们的现实生活中常会有故地重游的经历,在故地重游的时候人们往往又会有物是人非的感叹或故地重游感慨多的情感经历。揭开这一微妙情感的面纱,不难发现人的实践活动是推动这一情感变化的主体。只是在这一情感形成的过程中时间,空间同人的活成交织状态发展着。     

12步,让你成为百万富翁

You don't have to own the company or be a CEO.Here's how to build a rich nest egg one paycheck at a time.你不必拥有自己的公司或者当一名CEO,这里将告诉你如何挖掘你的第一桐金。