《英美概况》课程教学的改革与创新

《英关概况》课程的教学任务是传递英关文化知识信息，促进民族间相互理解，进而培养学生的跨文化交际能力。采用传统的教学方法讲授该课程很难达到理想的教学效果。本文论述了英美概况课程教学改革的基本思路，并介绍了几种行之有效的教学方法。     

School toilets: queer,disabled bodies and gendered lessons of embodiment

ABSTRACT

In this paper we argue that school toilets function as one civilising site [Elias, 1978. The Civilising Process. Oxford: Blackwell] in which children learn that disabled and queer bodies are out of place. This paper is the first to offer queer and crip perspectives on school toilets. The small body of existing school toilet literature generally works from a normative position which implicitly perpetuates dominant and oppressive ideals. We draw on data from Around the Toilet, a collaborative research project with queer, trans and disabled people (aroundthetoilet.wordpress.com) to critically interrogate this work. In doing this we consider ‘toilet training’ as a form of ‘civilisation’, that teaches lessons around identity, embodiment and ab/normal ways of being in the world. Furthermore, we show that ‘toilet training’ continues into adulthood, albeit in ways that are less easily identifiable than in the early years. We therefore call for a more critical, inclusive, and transformative approach to school toilet research.     

为转基因食品正“名”

一些商家利用公众对转基因食品的怀疑,误导消费者——转基因成分有害健康。本文科学分析了转基因食品的安全隐患和质疑,介绍了我国转基因食品的审批和安全管理,呼吁消费者要科学对待转基因食品。     

对当前中小学教师继续教育的思考

分析当前开展中小学教师继续教育的必要性及继续教育过程中存在的问题,进而提出提高中小学教师继续教育实效的对策。     

结构系统可靠性分析的一种新方法

提出了一个结构系统可靠性分析的载荷传递路线并联模型,讨论了结构系统可靠度的计算、载荷传递路线集的枚举主要载荷传递路线集的鉴别。所举的两个算例表明,结构系统可靠性分析的载荷传递路线模型是有效的。     

对莎士比亚及其悲剧人物的重新解读

莎士比亚是西方文学史上一座不朽的丰碑 ,他甚至被视为解读西方基本文化命题的精神源泉。莎剧生动鲜活地展现了文化转型时期人类的心灵状态。在文艺复兴的大背景下 ,莎剧充分展示了人类心灵的丰富性和复杂性。莎剧人物形象塑造最鲜明的艺术特色体现为两个方面 :人性的多层面展开和对生命价值与意义的重新审视。通过揭示这种心灵状态 ,他不仅将文艺复兴的文艺推向高潮 ,而且敏锐地捕捉到了近代人乃至现代人的生存困惑 ,为后人提供了可以深入评说的诸多命题     

从翻译适应选择论看严复翻译中的译写现象

分析了严复的译作,认为其大多反映西方资产阶级的思想意识;但同时也认为在晚清社会封建保守意识形态占主流地位的情况下他的译著却甚为流行,是因为他顺应了当时的翻译生态环境,采用译写翻译策略,使译作成为"适者",因而成功地生存下来,实现了译者的"译有所为"。     

Secrets and lies: sex education and gendered memories of childhood's end in an Australian provincial city, 1930s–1950s

There are few historical studies about the sex education of Australian youth. Drawing on a range of sources, including the oral histories of 40 women and men who attended two single‐sex, selective high schools in a provincial Australian city (Newcastle, New South Wales) in the 1930s–1950s, this paper explores the adolescent experience of sex education and gender relations. First, it outlines attempts by the New South Wales State Government and the Newcastle community to introduce sex education, especially during the moral panic about sexuality generated during World War Two. Second, it charts the experiential realm of growing up for adolescent females and males. Hegemonic gender ideology meant that sexual knowledge was mostly kept secret from adolescent girls, and that frightening lies about sexual matters proliferated in the vacuum created by sexual ignorance. For adolescent males, sexual knowledge, while still shrouded in myth and mystery, was more readily available. Indeed sex education classes were introduced at the boys' school in the 1950s, while the girls' school remained silent on the matter for the entire time. At the theoretical level, the paper suggests that the dominant ideology of femininity included sexual ignorance and was allied to the ideology of childhood innocence. Both ideologies were artefacts of patriarchal power.     

Culture,Cognitive Pluralism and Rationality

This paper considers the prospects for objectivity in reasoning strategies in response to empirical studies that apparently show systematic culture‐based differences in patterns of reasoning. I argue that there is at least one modest class of exceptions to the claim that there are alternative, equally warranted standards of good reasoning: the class that entails the solution of certain well‐structured problems which, suitably chosen, are common, or touchstone, to the sorts of culturally different viewpoints discussed. There is evidence that some cognitive tasks are seen in much the same way across cultures, not least by virtue of the common run of experiences with the world of material objects in early childhood by creatures with similar cognitive endowments. These tasks thus present as similarly structured sets of claims that have similar priority: what is framed, and what is bracketed, or held constant in the background, is shown to be naturally common across cultures. As a consequence, a normative view of reasoning and, by implication, critical thinking can be defended. While this might be a modest sense of objectivity, the high level of intercultural articulation that is able to occur among people of different backgrounds suggests that it provides cognitive scaffolding for a lot of other reasoning tasks as well.     

大气污染协同治理中污染物排放权跨区域弹性管控模型

由于污染物排放权管控目标函数设定单一,导致大气污染管控达不到理想效果,由此,在大气污染协同治理中,设计一种新的污染物排放权跨区域弹性管控模型。该模型首先做出三个基本假设,进行污染物排放权配额总量和污染物排放权管控路径设定,然后确定环境污染物管控目标函数,包括企业目标函数,公平性函数以及政府目标函数,构建弹性管控模型;将多目标模型转换为单目标模型,最后以约束条件作为指标因素,进行权重计算,求解模型最优解。结果表明：与其他模型相比,利用本模型进行污染物排放权管控后,大气污染物排放量削减量更多,大气污染管控效果更好。