操纵翻译理论介绍及其对中国文学翻译的启示

操纵理论虽然产生于上世纪六、七十年代的西方,但有关其内容的介绍在我国却始于上世纪末。它的问世给文学翻译带来了研究问题的新思想和方法,对中国文学翻译研究活动无论是在理论上还是在实践上都有不小的启示。     

论图式理论对翻译的影响

本文简要探讨了图式理论对英汉翻译的影响,并从内容图式和结构图式两个角度分析了图式差异给翻译带来的问题,阐述了在翻译实践活动中,增强目标语文化背景知识的必要性及图式理论对翻译实践所具有的重要指导作用。     

英汉词汇及其文化现象透视

本文通过对比英汉两种语言在词汇层次上的文化差异,提出在英汉词汇翻译中要保证隐含意义的准确表达,根据具体的语境译出词汇的褒贬意义,提出了具体的翻译方法。     

论我国本科英语专业翻译教学

大学本科层次英语专业翻译课程教学在课程设置、师资水平、教学模式、教材等方面存在一些问题,现阶段英语专业翻译教学效果与社会需求之间也存在一定差距,教师自身素质的提高,翻译教学中理论对实践的指导,信息技术的运用及教学模式的转变是解决现存问题的主要措施。     

Parsimonious translation models for information retrieval

In the KL divergence framework, the extended language modeling approach has a critical problem of estimating a query model, which is the probabilistic model that encodes the user’s information need. For query expansion in initial retrieval, the translation model had been proposed to involve term co-occurrence statistics. However, the translation model was difficult to apply, because the term co-occurrence statistics must be constructed in the offline time. Especially in a large collection, constructing such a large matrix of term co-occurrences statistics prohibitively increases time and space complexity. In addition, reliable retrieval performance cannot be guaranteed because the translation model may comprise noisy non-topical terms in documents. To resolve these problems, this paper investigates an effective method to construct co-occurrence statistics and eliminate noisy terms by employing a parsimonious translation model. The parsimonious translation model is a compact version of a translation model that can reduce the number of terms containing non-zero probabilities by eliminating non-topical terms in documents. Through experimentation on seven different test collections, we show that the query model estimated from the parsimonious translation model significantly outperforms not only the baseline language modeling, but also the non-parsimonious models.     

An empirical study of query expansion and cluster-based retrieval in language modeling approach

The term mismatch problem in information retrieval is a critical problem, and several techniques have been developed, such as query expansion, cluster-based retrieval and dimensionality reduction to resolve this issue. Of these techniques, this paper performs an empirical study on query expansion and cluster-based retrieval. We examine the effect of using parsimony in query expansion and the effect of clustering algorithms in cluster-based retrieval. In addition, query expansion and cluster-based retrieval are compared, and their combinations are evaluated in terms of retrieval performance by performing experimentations on seven test collections of NTCIR and TREC.     

翻译批评操作性的译者行为批评解析

本文从译者行为批评视域出发,通过4个具体案例,讨论了译内与译外之间、鉴者与赏者之间、自译与自评之间以及缺席与在场之间的关系,解析了翻译批评的操作性。作为译评者,具备明确的身份意识和角色定位,将有效提高翻译批评的操作性,增强其客观性,这也是构建翻译批评理论和检验翻译批评理论有效性的基础。     

胡适与早期社会主义文献的翻译———兼与黄兴涛教授商榷

胡适曾赞助了一系列社会主义文献的翻译,遗憾的是,相关研究却为数寥寥。黄兴涛曾在《中国人民大学学报》刊文论述胡适与《资本论》翻译之关系,将胡适不支持李季翻译《资本论》的原因归结为两人立场的对立,并给出了三点证据,这其中确实存在不少误解。笔者借助胡适日记、书信等一手材料勾勒胡适与社会主义关系之变化,梳理胡适对社会主义文献翻译的赞助,并对黄兴涛的观点做出回应,从而揭示胡适对社会主义在中国社会传布的贡献。     

小学教育本科模式要凸显发展能力的培养观

小学教育本科崭新模式的构建，对小学教育事业高层次师资的培养带来契机。在牢固把握师范性与学术性结合点上，尤为突出的是必须在传授知识与发展创新能力两者关系上，冲破传统教育观念之壁垒，在现代教学论的昭示下，真正使“传授知识，应着重发展能力”得到凸得。如此，方能显示此种培训模式之前卫优势。     

英汉互译中的跨文化交流意识

翻译是跨文化交流过程中时常涉及的一个中介环节。本文在英汉互译中 ,引入跨文化交流意识 ,旨在立足于传统翻译学对翻译的认识上 ,从跨文化角度深化翻译的内涵 ,并通过分析翻译实践与某些文化因素之间的关联 ,突现出翻译中易出现的文化方面的问题 ,进一步探讨了翻译中应持的文化态度以及翻译者应具备的文化素质