ADDRESSING THE EFFECTS OF ASSIGNMENT STRESS INJURY

The purpose of this article is to present the results of a qualitative study on assignment stress injury within journalism. Thirty-one Canadian journalists and photojournalists participated in the research study. The focus of this article is on recommendations offered by our participants to address the effects of traumatic stress within their profession.     

Gender and emotions in relationships: a group of teachers recalling their own teachers

This narrative inquiry analyses the memories of a group of female teachers telling about their own teachers. We ask how gender and emotions are intertwined to teacher–student relationships. Gender was present in the stories where the teachers described being a schoolgirl in relationship with a teacher and told about their teachers as women and men. The collective process of recalling evoked the emotions experienced as students, but these emotions were also interpreted in the present context. When recalling, the teachers were reconstructing the past in the light of the present and the future. The article highlights the significance for teachers reflecting on their own educational histories.     

“My job was to teach”: educators’ memories of teaching in British Columbia during World War II

Substantial historical research indicates that during World War II Canadian schools were considered optimal sites for fostering nationalistic sentiments in teachers and learners. Policymakers directed educators and students to collect scrap metals, purchase war savings certificates, salute the flag, and undertake marching drills. These wide-reaching directives give the impression that schools were considerably reshaped during the war. Nevertheless, since much of the literature has used official information sources, such as curriculum documents and government missives, it is unclear to what extent teachers implemented such directives. No Canadian scholarship has tapped the memories of former teachers to determine their compliance in promoting nationalistic sentiments and activities. Nor have existing histories categorised activities by geographic area (such as rural versus urban; coastal versus inland) or school level (elementary versus secondary). Thus, the “unity of purpose and experience” implied by some of the literature may be overemphasised. This paper challenges the suggestion that throughout Canada all children and teachers in schools fervently engaged in nationalistic behaviour during World War II. To supplement government perspectives found in newspapers, magazines, curricular documents, and other Department of Education sources, I interviewed two dozen teachers who taught in 40 schools throughout British Columbia between 1939 and 1945. Despite policymakers’ intentions, there were many factors influencing schools’ abilities to support the war effort. These included a community’s geographic proximity or access to centres of larger war-related activity, such as munitions factories or collection stations; the values and social circumstances of families and communities; and teachers’ individual preferences, often reflecting their career stage.     

青少年急性膝关节创伤性骨髓异常与创伤机制及软组织损伤的关系

目的：初步探讨青少年急性膝关节创伤性骨髓异常与创伤机制及软组织损伤的关系。方法：回顾性分析69例青少年急性膝关节损伤患者的临床及影像学资料。通过膝关节磁共振成像（MRI）评估创伤性骨髓异常的部位及前交叉韧带、后交叉韧带、内侧副韧带、外侧副韧带及内、外侧支持带等软组织的损伤,根据临床资料汇总创伤机制。结果：69例患者包括19例轴移损伤,17例髌骨外侧脱位,12例过伸伤,11例外翻损伤和10例仪表盘损伤。轴移损伤引起创伤性骨髓异常部位多位于股骨外侧髁后区（94.7%）、股骨外侧髁前区（84.2%）和胫骨外侧平台后区（78.9%）,常伴有前交叉韧带撕裂（94.7%）。髌骨外侧脱位多位于髌骨（100%）、股骨外侧髁后区（100%）和股骨外侧髁前区（94.1%）,常伴有内侧支持带撕裂（88.2%）。过伸伤主要累及胫骨内侧平台前区（83.3%）、胫骨外侧平台前区（75%）和股骨内侧髁前区（66.7%）,常伴有前交叉韧带（91.7%）和后交叉韧带损伤（58.3%）。外翻损伤主要累及股骨,包括股骨外侧髁后区（72.7%）,股骨外侧髁前区（54.5%）和股骨内侧髁前区（45.5%）,常伴有内侧副韧带损伤（90.9%）。仪表盘损伤主要累及胫骨,包括胫骨外侧平台前区（100%）、胫骨内侧平台前区（90%）,常伴有后交叉韧带损伤（70%）。结论：青少年急性膝关节创伤性骨髓异常在MRI上的分布代表了特定的创伤机制的足迹,并能够精准地预测特定的软组织损伤。     

Impaired eye tracking is associated with symptom severity but not dynamic postural control in adolescents following concussion

Purpose:The purpose of the study was to(1)examine the relationship between self-reported symptoms and concussion-related eye tracking impairments,and(2)compare gait performance between(a)adolescents with a concussion who have normal eye tracking,(b)adolescents with a concussion who have abnormal eye tracking,and(c)healthy controls.Methods:A total of 30 concussed participants(age:14.4±2.2 years,mean±SD,50%female)and 30 controls(age:14.2±2.2 years,47%female)completed eye tracking and gait assessments.The BOX score is a metric of pupillary disconjugacy,with scores<10 classified as normal and≥10 abnormal.Symptoms were collected using the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale(PCSS),and gait speed was measured with triaxial inertial measurement units.We conducted a linear regression to examine the relationship between PCSS and BOX scores and a two-way mixed effects analysis of variance to examine the effect of group(abnormal BOX,normal BOX,and healthy control)on single-and dual-task gait speed.Results:There was a significant association between total PCSS score and BOX score in the concussion group(β=0.16,p=0.004,95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.06‒0.27),but not in the control group(β=0.21,p=0.08,95%CI:
0.03 to 0.45).There were no significant associations between PCSS symptom profiles and BOX scores in the concussion or control groups.There were also no significant differences in singletask(Abnormal:1.00±0.14 m/s;Normal:1.11§0.21 m/s;Healthy:1.14±0.18 m/s;p=0.08)or dual-task(Abnormal:0.77±0.15 m/s;Normal:0.84±0.21 m/s;Healthy:0.90±0.18 m/s;p=0.16)gait speed.Conclusion:The concussed group with impaired eye tracking reported higher total symptom severity,as well as worse symptom severity across the 5 PCSS symptom domain profiles.However,eye tracking deficits did not appear to be driven by any particular symptom domain.While not statistically significant,the slower gait speeds in those with abnormal BOX scores may still be clinically relevant since gait-related impairments may persist beyond clinical recovery.     

管窥孙犁眼中乡村图景的变迁

对于乡村的体验始终影响着孙犁长达数十年的文学创作,怀揣乡村记忆,随着时间的推移,孙犁眼中的乡村图景从单纯、美好、有生活实感的乐土,变得忧郁、安静、充满回忆之美,渐渐走向封闭的状态。本文透过对孙犁眼中乡村图景变迁的考察,探索了作家创作潜在的心理机制。     

The impact of university incorporation on college lecturers

In South Africa, recent government plans tochange the institutional landscape of highereducation have resulted in mergers of collegesinto universities or technikons. The researchreported in this article focuses solely on theimpact of a ``college-into-university'incorporation as manifested in the personal,emotional and career experiences of thesecollege staff members. It traces the changes intheir perceptions and emotions during and afterthe incorporation process. It also identifiesrecurring themes and issues evident in thepersonal lives of those affected by thisincorporation.A unique research methodology was engaged: TheCollege staff who had been appointed to theuniversity after the merger, identified sevencritical themes and then designed and conducted30 semi-structured interviews among themselves.This article thus documents the impact ofincorporation into a university on theindividual and collective lives of theresearchers themselves.The data suggest that the emotional impact ofincorporation was intense and that theuncertainty, especially, led to considerabletrauma. The most important concern emanatingfrom this joint research project is that whilea certain degree of distress is unavoidable inany institutional merger, inattention to themanagement of human resources, emotions andaspirations could linger on, possibly having anegative effect on the ambitions for thetransformation of the new entity.     

How memories of school inform preservice teachers' feared and desired selves as teachers

Elementary preservice teachers (N = 69) were asked to write about their memories of elementary school and reflect on the meaning of those memories in combination with course material. Based on the theory-driven thematic analysis, students reported memories that worked to create their desired and/or feared teacher self. Some students recognized a conflict between their memories and the effective teaching practices learned in the course, and only a few were able to negotiate their past memories with current practices and describe a plan of action. Findings elucidate the power of memories as preservice teachers prepare for the classroom.     

Personal and Organizational Predictors of Compassion Fatigue Symptoms in Local Television Journalists

Compassion fatigue is a form of traumatic stress that results from repeated encounters with victims of trauma and traumatic situations. Most often studied in counselors, nurses, and first responders, this study applies the concept to journalists who often encounter the same victims and traumatic scenes. Seventy reporters from different television markets were measured for the personal and professional factors that contribute to compassion fatigue symptoms and its components of secondary traumatic stress and burnout. Results showed personal traumatic events and perceived peer support were the strongest predictors of compassion fatigue symptoms in television reporters. Implications for reporter self-care and newsroom protocols are discussed.     

当代政治意识与民族传统文化意识的扭结——从天安门诗歌到“哀思文学”潮流

1976年的天安门诗歌运动是时代政治气候压抑下民族情绪郁积的产物。天安门诗歌一方面表现出民族当代民主政治意识的苏醒 ,一方面又表现出民族传统文化意识的积淀。其文化指归、情感意向、表现形式都呈现出复归传统的倾向。新时期之初的哀思文学是天安门诗歌的自然承续 ,其内在情感、意识、话语等都与天安门诗歌一脉相承。当代意识与传统意识的虬结共生是这时期文学潮流的突出特色。正是这一矛盾的共生体触动和催发了“伤痕—反思”文学的产生