论《追忆似水年华》中无意识回忆与艺术真实之间的关系

普鲁斯特的《追忆似水年华》以回忆的方式重现了往日时光,但在回忆的形式上,作者由刻意的回忆过度到"无意识回忆",由此确认了"无意识回忆"是追回真实时光的唯一方法。这一确认的过程也是作者认识艺术真实的过程,"无意识回忆"正是以其突如其来的具体印象作为艺术真实性的保证。文章"无意识回忆"与艺术真实之间的关系入手,探讨二者相互依存、相互延伸,最终得以在时间中升华为永恒的关系。     

以创伤叙事的角度分析《最蓝的眼睛》悲剧产生的根源

《最蓝的眼睛》是托尼·莫里森的第一部作品,描述了二十世纪美国种族歧视下黑人群体的困境和悲惨命运。莫里森采用创伤叙事的方法,重现了黑人群体在种族歧视、殖民主义的社会背景下心灵、文化、精神生活受到的多重创伤。小说人物经受的身体和精神创伤,有来自白人的压迫和歧视,但更多的因缘在于黑人群体内部自我身份否定与排斥,社会环境就是创伤产生的环境,也是悲剧产生的根源。     

逆转录病毒载体PLXRN介导的人IL-1Ra在关节滑膜细胞中的表达

目的:建立逆转录病毒介导的人IL-1Ra体外表达体系。方法:应用DNA重组技术,将人IL-1RacDNA片段重组到逆转录病毒质粒pLXRN中,经PT67细胞包装后,产生的重组逆转录病毒感染原代关节滑膜细胞,用ELISA检测IL-1Ra表达。结果:重组pLXRN-IL-1Ra质粒,经酶切鉴定正确。重组逆转录病毒pLXRN-IL-1Ra滴度可达5.5×104CFU/ml,感染原代关节滑膜细胞后能稳定表达。结论:逆转录病毒能介导人IL-1Ra在关节滑膜细胞中的稳定表达,为下一步开展基因治疗运动创伤性骨关节炎奠定了基础。     

对一个精神分析文本的解读——论《虚证》中郭普云的精神实症

刘恒中篇小说《虚证》中郭普云的人生悲剧有着不可忽略的精神根源,他童年的创伤性经验和恋爱中的创伤性体验都对他的人生产生了巨大的影响,这种影响直接造成了他人格的失衡,从自责—自我否定—自杀这一发展演变的过程中,可以透视出他的精神和心理从生迈向死的沉重轨迹。     

Should Kids Play (American) Football?

In recent years, Pop Warner, the world’s largest youth football organization, has seen its numbers decline. This decline is due to concerns about new research establishing a link between football and chronic traumatic encephalopathy, a debilitating neurodegenerative disease. Hundreds of thousands of parents are now struggling with a difficult ethical issue: should kids play football? Since parents have an obligation to help children develop the capacities required for autonomous choice, the risks posed by football establish a strong presumption against allowing kids to play the game. I consider whether this presumption can be defeated by the arguments for allowing kids to play dangerous sports offered by John Russell in his papers ’The Value of Dangerous Sport’ and ‘Children and Dangerous Sport and Recreation’. While Russell does not argue that kids should be permitted to play football, and agrees that some sports may be too risky for children, he argues that kids should often be allowed to participate in extraordinarily risky sports. I contend that the reasons given in support of this position fail to defeat the presumption against allowing kids to play football. Thus, in the absence of further argument, or radical changes to the game, children should not play football.     

Identity at Risk: Students’ Identity Configuration in the Aftermath of Trauma

Two and a half years after the July 2011 massacre on the Norwegian island of Utøya, 68 of the adolescent survivors were interviewed about their everyday life at school. The interviews revealed changes in the interplay and counterplay between student identity and social identity when new identities connected to the massacre were introduced in the school arena. This dynamic has two prominent contradictory aspects: (1) the strong need to avoid being associated with the massacre, yet (2) they also experience a high degree of imposed external framing of identity configuration. This article investigates school as an arena where unwanted identity changes are played out. School emerges as an arena that can complicate the rehabilitation process by confirming and specifying the changes caused by exposure to trauma. Implications for what trauma support at school could entail for trauma-exposed adolescents are indicated.     

The Context of Thought Experiments in Physics Learning

This paper takes a cognitive perspective in an attempt to analyze mental mechanisms involved in contextual learning. In the following, it is suggested that contextualized environments evoke mental mechanisms that support reasoning about what if, imaginary situations – utilizing a powerful mental mechanism known from the history of physics as thought experiments (TEs). Thought experiments are associated with visualization of data and imagery that originate in implicit knowledge. This paper suggests that thought experiments rely on sensory memories constructed by the learner during past experience. Such sensory memories are activated by the context. The first part of the paper deals with the definition, nature, incidents, and experimental data related to implicit knowledge and TEs. Empirical results are then analyzed in order to explore the role of sensory memories and underlying schemata in TEs, thereby suggesting a set of embodied schemata that act as implicit assumptions and provide context-dependent epistemological primitives that underlie imaginary events in a manner that will statistically match the outer world.     

金庸作品的魅力与现实意义——一个80后的金庸阅读经历和感言

本文前半部分以回忆为主,以笔者个人的视角,回顾了一位普通的读者对金庸作品的阅读经历,并以此引入后半部分,来展现、讨论金庸作品的魅力所在。金庸的作品具有卓越的艺术水准,丰富深沉的内涵以及强烈的吸引力和感染力,能给我们留下最丰富的想象和最斑斓的幻想。对现在的青少年来说,阅读金庸作品具有鲜明的现实意义,即提升品位,领略情感,感受人性,体味深沉的历史感,培养爱国主义思想和正确的民族观。     

童年记忆对余华小说创作的影响

暴力、鲜血和死亡是余华小说常见的主题,原因是:童年的恐惧长久地伴随着余华,以及内倾的心理,这使他内心同现实一直保持了一种紧张关系;特殊的经验使余华习惯了鲜血和死亡,甚至于迷恋;直觉内倾型的心理特征。另外,余华的小说缺失高大的男性形象和具有“弑父”的倾向,原因是余华童年记忆中形成的不完美的父亲形象。     

小儿重型颅脑损伤66例诊治分析

目的:探讨小儿重型颅脑损伤的临床诊断及治疗特点。方法:对66例小儿重型颅脑损伤的临床资料进行回顾性总结。结果:闭合性颅脑损伤59例,重残3例,死亡8例。结论:小儿重型颅脑损伤临床表现是复杂的,但死亡率低,较成年人恢复快,预后好。