碘、溴和叠氮化物水溶液中的声化学反应

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γ辐照对洋葱生长点细胞微结构的影响

洋葱鳞茎生长点细胞呈多边形,截面长径平均为 7.9μm左右,短径为4.92μm左右,细胞核中的染色质丝呈网状分布,核中一般有1～3个核仁.洋葱在整个休眠期间细胞和微结构无明显变化.脱离休眠后,其染色质丝变粗、浓缩,原生质膜内褶形成小液泡,液泡体积增大,数量增多.辐照的洋葱在萌动期才表现明显受损现象,用0.3 kGy辐照的其细胞形状发生畸变,细胞壁加厚,严重的壁破裂,微结构渗漏于胞外,发生严重的质壁分离,液泡变形、变小,而线粒体和核仁外形仍属正常。     

微波促进活性碳负载单质碘催化合成乙酰乙酸乙酯缩酮

在微波辐射下,以活性炭负载碘（I2/C）为催化剂,不用溶剂,合成了乙酰乙酸乙酯乙二醇缩酮和乙酰乙酸乙酯1,2-丙二醇缩酮。通过改变催化剂负载量、催化剂用量、微波辐射时间、微波辐射功率,研究了这四个因素对乙酰乙酸乙酯缩酮反应收率的影响。以乙酰乙酸乙酯与乙二醇缩合为模型反应进行优化,实验结果表明：I2/C是合成乙酰乙酸乙酯缩酮的良好催化剂,具有良好的催化促进作用。其优化条件是：负载量为10.9%的I2/C催化剂0.07g,乙酰乙酸乙酯5mL,乙二醇6mL,微波辐射功率400W,辐射时间2.5min,产率达100%。产物经过红外光谱表征。     

Can anatomists teach living anatomy using ultrasound as a teaching tool?

The utilization of bedside ultrasound by an increasing number of medical specialties has created the need for more ultrasound exposure and teaching in medical school. Although there is a widespread support for more vertical integration of ultrasound teaching throughout the undergraduate curriculum, little is known about whether the quality of ultrasound teaching differs if performed by anatomists or clinicians. The purpose of this study is to compare medical students' evaluation of ultrasound anatomy teaching by clinicians and anatomists. Hands‐on interactive ultrasound sessions were scheduled as part of the gross anatomy course following principles of adult learning and instructional design. Seven teachers (three anatomists and four clinicians) taught in each session. Before each session, anatomists were trained in ultrasound by clinicians. Students were divided into groups, rotated teachers between sessions, and completed evaluations. Results indicated students perceived the two groups as comparable for all factors except for knowledge organization and the helpfulness of ultrasound for understanding anatomy (P < 0.001). However, results from unpaired samples t‐tests demonstrated a nonstatistically significant difference between the groups within each session for both questions. Moreover, students' test performance for both groups was similar. This study demonstrated that anatomists can teach living anatomy using ultrasound with minimal training as well as clinicians, and encourage the teaching of living anatomy by anatomists in human anatomy courses using ultrasound. Repeating this study at a multicenter level is currently being considered to further validate our conclusion. Anat Sci Educ 7: 340–349. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.     

手性氰基丙烯酸酯类化合物的超声催化合成及TMV活性检测

氰基丙烯酸酯类化合物是一类重要的抑制植物光合作用的PSII除草剂,以氰乙酸乙酯为原料合成了系列中间体及该目标化合物,研究了超声条件对该反应的影响,同时合成了8个手性化合物,并对其进行了抗烟草花叶病毒(TMV)生物活性测定,发现部分手性化合物有一定治疗活性.     

南方青少年 BMI 标准群皮下脂肪与肌肉厚度分布的特点及动态分析——以温州地区为例简

研究BMI标准群高中生的皮下脂肪和肌肉发育状况及规律。进一步剖析青少年隐性肥胖现象和各部位肌肉的动态变化趋势。本研究以浙江省温州市某高中1992—1995年之间出生的368名（男183名,女185名）为对象,使用B超测定上臂前部、上臂后部、腹部大腿前部和小腿后部的皮下脂肪及肌肉厚度数据进行分析。随着年龄的增加男女腹部皮下脂肪均有明显下降趋势,女子肱三头肌部位有增加趋势,其他各部位无明显规律。男生肌肉随着年龄的增大肱二头肌、股四头肌和腓肠肌略见增加趋势之外,男女其他各部位均未见有规律的明显增加,腹肌还略见下降。BMI标准群青少年的皮下脂肪随年龄变化影响较大的为腹部脂肪的变化。男女腹肌有略降趋势,加强腹肌练习对于青少年的身体正常发育有着很重要的意义。     

探究海绵铁/银脱氯还原降解二噁英的方法

以OCDF和12378-PeCDF为例,探究了海绵铁脱氯还原降解二噁英的方法。对比了超声、海绵铁+超声、海绵铁/银+超声三种处理二噁英的实验方法,并对海绵铁/银+超声处理方法中二噁英浓度、海绵铁投加量以及超声时间等条件进行了优化,探索海绵铁处理二噁英的方法。实验结果表明,在海绵铁/银+超声的体系条件下还不能脱氯还原降解二噁英,还需要做进一步深入的探究。