微波辐射纳米La_2O_3催化合成肉豆蔻酸异丙酯的研究

采用微波辐射技术,以纳米La2O3作催化荆,肉豆蔻酸和异丙醇直接酯化合成肉豆蔻酸异丙酯．探讨了微波辐射功率、辐射时间、醇酸摩尔比、催化剂用量、带水剂等对酯化反应的影响．最佳反应条件为：当肉豆蔻酸用量为0．1mol时,醇酸摩尔比为1．5：1,催化剂用量为1．2g,带水剂环己烷8mL,微波功率450W,辐射时间16min,酯化产率可达89％以上．     

超声辐射下Mg-K-10-MgCl2-H2O体系中芳香醛的还原偶联反应

超声波引发下，用Mg-K-10-MgCl2-H2O体系还原芳香醛，在室温反应3-4h得到产率为20～60％的邻二醇产品。     

超声协助活性炭去除水中铅的正交试验研究

研究了超声温度、超声时间、吸附时间、pH值及活性炭负荷比等对含铅废水处理效果的影响及对活性炭再生效果的影响.分别以去除率、得率和再生后去除率为考察指标,依据L16 (44)正交表和L9(34)进行实验,石墨炉原子吸收法测定处理前后溶液中的铅含量,并对测定结果进行直观分析和方差分析.正交试验得出的优选条件:去除废水中铅时的超声温度为20℃、超声时间20 min,吸附时间20min、pH=5、活性炭负荷比为667∶1;活性炭再生处理时的超声温度40℃、pH值为1、超声时间40min.对优选的实验条件进行方法学考察,各项考察结果均符合要求.结果表明,该方法切实可行,具有简单、高效、快速等优点.     

酱油渣中提取油脂和黄酮

[目的]探讨从酱油渣中提取油脂和黄酮类物质的最佳工艺参数,为酱油渣资源的进一步开发利用提供基础数据.[方法]在单因素实验的基础上,采用正交设计方法,研究各因素对油脂和黄酮提取率的影响.[结果]研究表明,油脂提取最佳条件为:酱油渣与异丙醇比例为1:13,超声温度50℃,超声时间30 min,该条件下油脂的提取率为34.76%;从脱脂酱油渣中提取黄酮的最佳条件为:50%乙醇、料液比1:30、超声时间15 min、提取温度60℃,在此条件下,黄酮的提取量为2.471 0 mg/g.[结论]利用超声波辅助提取技术从酱油渣中提取油脂和黄酮可行.     

Bringing anatomy to life: Evaluating a novel ultrasound curriculum in the anatomy laboratory

As point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) invades medical specialties, more students covet earlier ultrasound (US) training programs in medical school. Determining the optimal placement and format in the curriculum remains a challenge. This study uses student perceptions and confidence in interpreting and acquiring images to evaluate the effectiveness of an US curriculum and assesses their performance on US content. A unique US curriculum was incorporated into first-year clinical anatomy at Tufts University School of Medicine (TUSM). Students completed surveys evaluating changes in US confidence and perceptions. Mean ratings on pre- and post-surveys were compared using Mann–Whitney U tests. Performance on US examination questions was evaluated. Two independent evaluators coded narrative responses and NVivo software was used to identify common themes. Two hundred eleven students completed the US curriculum. Students reported higher post-curriculum mean confidence ratings on US comprehension, operation, image acquisition, artifact recognition, and normal image interpretation (P < 0.0001). US reinforced anatomy concepts and clinical correlates (9.56, ±0.97 SD; 9.60, ±1.05). Students disagreed with items stating learning US is too difficult (1.2, ±2.2) and that it interferes with learning anatomy (0.68, ±1.7). Students scored above passing on practical US knowledge questions, supporting survey data, and the relation to learning spatial relationships. Qualitative analysis identified seven major themes and additional subthemes. Limited integration of US breaks barriers in students' perceptions and confidence in performing POCUS. The TUSM US curriculum is a natural marriage of anatomy and POCUS applications, serving as a template for medical schools.     

微波辐射下野菊花黄色素的提取

对微波辐射下野菊花黄色素的提取条件进行研究,通过单因素试验及正交试验;得到提取野菊花黄色素的最佳工艺条件是:以pH值为3的95%乙醇为浸取剂,微波辐射强度中火,料液比1∶30,微波辐射时间为6 min,影响野菊花黄色素的提取因素及强弱顺序为萃取液的pH值>液料比>辐射时间>辐射强度.     

微波合成纳米硫化锡

以SnCl4和TAA为Sn源和S源，在盐酸溶液中通过微波辐射加热合成了SnS2半导体纳米粒子，并用XRD、TEM进行了表征。     

微波催化合成7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素

以固体超强酸为催化剂,采用微波辐射技术,由间苯二酚与乙酰乙酸乙酯缩合制备香豆素衍生物7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素。结果表明,微波辐射固体超强酸催化合成香豆素衍生物最佳反应条件为:间苯二酚0.2mol,乙酰乙酸乙酯0.2mol,固体超强酸催化剂0.5g,微波功率210W,微波辐射时间6min,收率92.5％。     

由3-氨基-2-卤代-2-烯亚胺制备3-卤代喹啉

紫外光照射3-氨基-2-卤代-2-烯亚胺生成3-卤代喹啉,该反应对氯代衍生物是定量反应(>95％),溴代和碘代喹啉可以较高产率从反应粗产物中容易地分离出来,由于这一反应温和、简便、干净和快速,我们预期这一反应过程将被广泛应用。