“单独二孩”政策对城市80后生育观的影响研究--以杭州市为例

生育政策是影响人们生育观念、优化人口结构的重要手段,对于实现人口的稳定、合理增长有着重要的意义。本研究应用问卷调查法和个案访谈法对杭州市“单独二孩”政策实施后80后的生育观变化进行了分析。研究发现：80后的生育意愿增强,对孩子性别偏好不明显,生育二孩的间隔大约为3—4年。基于此,杭州市政府应通过提供优质的生育服务;加大基础教育资源的供给;根据不同年龄段及生育间隔,及时做好应对生育高峰的准备;加强对“单独二孩”政策实施的监测力度;完善计划生育家庭的扶助制度以及提高对人口老龄化的认识等措施来正确应对人口问题。     

亮出“分享文化”特色名片

分享文化是常州市实验小学“十一五”教育部规划课题“学会分享——一项促进学校主动发展的行动研究”的研究成果之一,也是学校特色文化建设的理论与实践“产品”。分享文化的实践观点是：“分享文化”建设主阵地在课堂,突破口在德育,载体是校园主题文化建设,抓手是课题研究工作。增强分享意识、提高分享能力、形成分享品质、倡导分享精神是学校分享文化建设的重要任务。分享文化研究的价值在于“思变、创新”,也因此才能够迈出形成开放、大气办学风格的一大步。     

幼儿抗挫折能力影响因素及其培养策略研究

培养幼儿的抗挫折能力已成为一种迫切的社会需求,也是心理素质教育的一个重要课题。本文旨在探讨幼儿抗挫折能力的发展特点和影响因素,并尝试进行教育策略方面的探讨,为幼儿挫折教育的实践提供教育心理学依据。     

Exploring the social connections in preschool settings between children labelled with special educational needs and their peers

This paper reports on a small-scale study of the social interactions between six children labelled with special educational needs and their peers in their respective early years settings. Data from play observations, photographs and staff interviews is used to examine the dynamics of the connections that they make with other children. The position of these six children as active agents in making decisions about their peer interactions is highlighted and the ways that this agency is expressed is analysed. By focusing on the personal strategies that the children use to make social connections the findings contribute to the developing understanding of children's relationships within inclusive early years settings. In particular compatible play interests and personalities are identified as significant factors that attract children to one another in this case study. It also emerged that recurrent playmates did not feature consistently in the social exchanges involving this group of children. This factor is considered in the context of it being indicative of the social connections that children labelled with special educational needs pursue. Suggestions for further investigation are proposed and key practice messages offered around developing awareness and facilitation of social connections between children.     

Neoliberalism,global poverty policy and early childhood education and care: a critique of local uptake in England

The global rise of a neoliberal ‘new politics of parenting’ discursively constructs parents in poverty as the reason for, and remedy to, child poverty. This allows for Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) to become a key policy lever by using human technologies to intervene in and regulate the lives of parents and children in poverty. The article explores the uptake of this policy locally through interviews with 30 ECEC practitioners in three locations across England. The interviews suggested that the neoliberal discursive formation of child poverty as a problem of the poor themselves had symbolic power and was a view shared by most of the interviewees. This appeared to restrict their thinking and action, shaping a limited engagement with parents in poverty. Delivering curricular requirements was seen to further delimit practitioners’ practices with children in poverty by reducing their poverty sensitivity. Although this is a small study, its findings may be of value in questioning neoliberal logics, and their implications are considered critically.     

What do families of the ‘professional and managerial’ class educate their children for? The links between happiness and autonomy

Based on a qualitative study involving 124 professional and managerial class families in Catalonia (Spain), this paper describes the aims and objectives these families have for the education of their children. During the fieldwork, when asked what they were aiming for in the education of their children, almost all of the parents replied ‘for them to be happy’. But what kind of happiness are they talking about? What kind of education might lead to happiness? Drawing principally on the work of Kellerhals and Montandon and their ‘contractual model of education’ and Bauman’s concepts of ‘secondary security’ and ‘homo eligens’, although also taking into account the related contributions of Lareau, Vincent and Ball, Stefansen and Aarseth, and Kusserow, the paper aims to demonstrate the strong connection these families make between happiness and ‘absolute’ autonomy, understood as two sides of the same coin and seen, by the participants, as the guiding principle that should shape the way they bring their children up.     

Child maltreatment among boy and girl probationers: Does type of maltreatment make a difference in offending behavior and psychosocial problems?

This study examined differences in offending behavior and psychosocial problems between juvenile offenders who have been sexually abused (n = 231), physically abused (n = 1,568), neglected (n = 1,555), exposed to multiple forms of maltreatment (n = 1,767), and non-victims (n = 8,492). In addition, the moderating effect of gender in the association between type of maltreatment and offending behavior/psychosocial problems was examined. Results showed that violent offenses were more common in victims of physical abuse and victims of multiple forms of abuse than in non-victims, both in boys and girls. In boys, sexual offenses were far more common in victims of sexual abuse than in victims of other or multiple forms of maltreatment or in non-victims. In girls, no group differences were found in sexual offending behavior. For both boys and girls, externalizing problems were relatively common in victims of physical abuse and neglect whereas internalizing problems were relatively common in victims of sexual abuse. In victims of multiple forms of maltreatment, both internalizing and externalizing problems were relatively common. Implications for clinical practice are discussed.     

儿童母语习得对高职行业英语口语教学的启示

该文从语言习得和语言学习的概念入手,得知儿童语言习得对第二语言的学习有一定的影响。笔者结合自己的生活经历和教学经验,从儿童母语习得过程中的语言环境、激励因素、轻松氛围以及习得方式四个方面且通过具体的事例来阐释对高职行业英语口语教学的影响,对于高职行业英语口语的教学有借鉴意义。     

独生子女大学生对《学生体质健康标准》政策态度的调查研究

通过向574名大学生发放调查问卷,分析了解独生子女和非独生子女对《学生体质健康标准》政策的态度。结果表明：（1）大学生对《健康标准》政策内容比较认同,但独生子女与非独生子女之间有显著差异,独生子女的政策认同均低于非独生子女;（2）独生子女对政策实施的认同方面与非独生子女差异不显著,但是在过程管理、教学配合、重视程度三方面有显著性差异,独生子女要高于非独生子女;（3）独生子女对政策效果的认同方面与非独生子女差异不显著,但是在负面体验方面有显著性差异,独生子女要低于非独生子女;（4）独生子女在政策满意度方面与非独生子女有显著性差异,且均低于非独生子女;（5）独生子女在政策行为方面与非独生子女差异不显著,但是在逃避和失范方面有显著性差异,独生子女要低于非独生子女;（6）通过改变教育观念、加强大学生的意志品质的培养,加强教师的服务意识和过程管理等途径来改变学生对《健康标准》政策的消极态度。     

浅析幼儿园虐童事件的微观管理

幼儿园虐童事件的发生对幼儿的身心发展会产生很多负面影响。幼儿园应加强管理,可以从以下几个角度采取措施:依法招聘合格幼儿教师,严把幼儿园教师入口关;二、依照《幼儿园教师专业标准》,做好对幼儿园教师的在职培训;三、加强日常保教工作的监督检查,规范幼儿园教师的保教行为;四、提高幼儿教师工资福利待遇,增强幼儿教师职业幸福感。