Interventions supporting baccalaureate achievement of Latinx STEM students matriculating at 2-year institutions: A systematic review

Numerous national reports have identified the importance of significantly improving pathways that begin with Latinx students enrolling in 2-year institutions and ultimately completing baccalaureate degrees in STEM fields at 4-year institutions. Many programs using multiple interventions have been designed, implemented, and studied to achieve this goal. To synthesize what has been learned from studies of these programs, this article presents a systematic review of published studies of programs designed to support Latinx student success in 2-year institutions and successful transfer to 4-year institutions, particularly for STEM majors. A total of 49 quantitative, 9 qualitative, and 16 mixed-methods studies published as reports, articles, or dissertations since 1980 were identified that met the criteria for the review. Studies covered a wide range of interventions, including mentoring, counseling, advising, study groups, tutoring, scholarships, orientations, career services, undergraduate research, articulation agreements, and transfer programs. Individually, these studies report positive influences on student success outcomes, including 2- and 4-year graduation, transfer to a 4-year institution, retention, and success in individual courses. However, the number of qualifying studies was surprisingly small, considering the importance of improving success of Latinx students and the length of time during which the problem has been repeatedly emphasized. Few interventions have been undertaken from explicitly assets-based perspectives or theoretical frameworks. The lack of explicit frameworks underlying interventions—combined with a sole/primary focus on students—suggests many interventions were approached from a deficit-based perspective. Further, the study found no pattern of replication studies that might confirm effectiveness of potentially promising interventions. Based on our analysis of evaluations presented in the studies, it does not appear that the research community has developed agreed-upon methods to evaluate commonly agreed-upon outcomes. Finally, no intervention has been sufficiently supported that widespread implementation could be recommended.     

天志鬼神皆人意——从墨子《天志》、《明鬼》看其鬼神论思想的实质

墨子在儒、道等先秦诸子淡化鬼神的春秋战国时代,大谈天志鬼神,是有其内在实质的。鬼神论思想其实是社会动荡转型时期实现墨子兼爱、非命理想的政治策略,这种思想不同于一般意义上的宗教迷信,其最终的落脚点是世俗民众。他的天意鬼神实质就是民众意愿。     

“普世价值”问题研究综述

20世纪90年代以来,关于＂普世价值＂问题的争论越来越引起人们的重视,＂普世价值＂已经成为人们思考的一个时代性热点问题。如何正确界定＂普世价值＂及其内涵,世界上是否存在普世价值这一概念,这都是急需解决的学术问题。基于国内学者对＂普世价值＂的不同理解,对当前关于＂普世价值＂的研究进行综述,并提出笔者自己的一些观点,供后续研究者参考。     

Child and family traumatic stress intervention (CFTSI) reduces parental posttraumatic stress symptoms: A multi-site meta-analysis (MSMA)

BackgroundFollowing traumatization, caregiver support is a crucial factor contributing to children's successful management of posttraumatic reactions and their recovery. Caregivers who have been traumatically impacted themselves, however, may be compromised in this posttraumatic caregiving role. Although there are a number of evidence-based child trauma treatments that are effective in reducing children's trauma symptoms, the impact of child treatment on participating caregiver's posttraumatic symptoms (PTS) has received less attention.ObjectiveExplore PTS reduction caregivers experience through participation in their child's evidence-based trauma-focused mental health treatment.Participants and setting640 Child-Caregiver dyads referred for the Child and Family Traumatic Stress Intervention (CFTSI) following formal disclosure of abuse in a Child Advocacy Center (CAC).MethodsData were collected from 10 community treatment sites trained in CFTSI. A multi-site meta-analytic approach was used to evaluate pooled and site-specific therapeutic effect sizes for caregivers and children.ResultsCFTSI was associated with significant changes (Hedge's g = 1.17, Child-rated; g = 0.66, caregiver-rated) in children's PTS and with clinically meaningful improvements in PTS for 62% of participating caregivers who had started CFTSI with clinical levels of PTS as measured by the Post Traumatic Checklist–Civilian Version (PCL-C). The overall mean PCL-C change (9.31, SD = 12.9) in paired, pre-post PCL-C scores is close to a clinically meaningful change of 10 or higher. There was a robust moderate pooled effect size (g = 0.70, N = 640, p < 0.0001).ConclusionThe value of a reduction in caregiver PTS as a secondary outcome of children's trauma-focused treatment is discussed.     

差别定价的产业用地供应策略对产业结构升级的影响——基于中国277个城市的实证分析

“以地谋发展”模式下,地方政府主导土地配置,采取“低工业、高商住”的产业用地出让策略,实现了产业结构升级和经济增长的目标。然而,中国经济转型期,曾经推动产业结构升级的供地策略可能不再适应新时期发展要求。本文从理论出发,剖析地方政府供地逻辑,分析差别定价的产业用地供应策略在不同经济发展水平下对产业结构升级的影响差异,提出相应假说,基于门槛回归模型,并利用2011—2016年中国277个城市产业用地供应数据进行实证检验。结果表明,产业用地价格差异对产业结构升级的影响会随经济发展水平不同呈非线性关系,随着经济发展水平的提高,差别定价的产业用地供应策略对产业结构升级的影响效应将由正转负;产业用地供应向商住用地倾斜而产生的产业用地结构错配会显著抑制产业结构升级;提高土地出让市场化程度,降低土地财政依赖则有利于提升产业结构。据此本文建议,地方政府在制定产业用地供应策略时,要充分考虑所处的社会经济环境,而在参与土地市场活动时,要明确自身干预经济的局限性,更多地培育有效市场,注重提高土地市场化程度,避免过度依赖土地财政。     

简论我国新闻人才观的变迁

“通才办报”、“史家办报”、“政治家办报”是中国新闻人才观中最具代表性的理论。这三种理论的侧重点虽各有不同,但相互之间却有着一定的联系。它们对于培养当时的新闻从业者发挥了各自的作用,对今天的新闻工作仍然有指导和借鉴意义。     

12周惯性哑铃练习对轻度认知损害老年人的干预效果

目的观察12周惯性哑铃练习对轻度认知损害(MCI)老年人认知功能、身体活动能力、生活质量和睡眠质量的影响,并探讨认知改善与其他功能改变之间的关系。方法将45名MCI老年人随机分为干预组(n=22)和对照组(n=23)。干预组受试者进行惯性哑铃练习(3次/周,60 min/次,持续12周),对照组不进行运动干预。结果 12周后,干预组受试者阿尔茨海默病评定量表-认知部分(ADAS-Cog)总分/指令得分、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分、起立行走计时(TUG)和SF-36健康调查问卷(SF-36)心理总得分均显著改善(均P<0.05)。与对照组相比,干预组受试者ADAS-Cog总分/单词回忆得分/注意力得分、简明精神量表(MMSE)评分、TUG和匹兹堡睡眠指数(PSQI)的改善程度均具有显著差异(P<0.05或P=0.05)。偏相关分析结果显示,SF-36心理总得分改变(r=-0.712)、PSQI改变(r=-0.380)与认知改善程度均呈显著负相关。结论 12周惯性哑铃练习可显著提高MCI老年人的认知功能,并对其移动能力、生活质量和睡眠质量具有积极影响,且心理和睡眠改变程度可能影响认知功能的改善效果。     

警察院校武术课程防卫控制技术训练与心理干预探析

社会治安问题的加剧,警察院校学生的实战技能逐渐在加强,大力开展防卫控制技能是很多警察院校重点培养后备人民警察的重要举措,通过课程的开展达到强健体魄,防身自卫,安全执法的目的。本文通过文献资料法、社会调查法,专家访谈法,对几所警察院校《防卫控制技术》课程开设情况以及学生的心理情况进行调查,分析并指出了当前防卫控制技能教学存在的主要问题,为以后更好地开展这门课程,培养更多的优秀学生提供一点参考。     

智障儿童情绪识别特征的理论解释与具身干预

智障儿童的情绪识别能力存在基本情绪识别困难、各类识别任务表现不同、情绪加工方式偏好和特定性综合征差异四个主要特征.在解释智障儿童情绪识别主要特征时,传统认知理论的认知-智力局限假说和情绪特异性假说均孤立地看待身体与大脑,属于身心二元论.具身认知理论则强调身体及所处环境在情绪识别中的重要作用,从情绪体验、情绪刺激和加工方...     

壮语通用词汇中的动物名词音义关系考察

通过对《壮语通用词与方言代表点词汇对照汇编》一书中139个动物名词音义关系的考察表明:壮语通用词汇中的动物名词有相当一部分是有音义联系的,除了有一部分是摹仿动物之声而形成的词外,还有从外形(包括体型和动态)特征、内在性质等命名的,同样具有联想比附的思维模式。尤其在对汉语早期词汇的借用和改造(转换)过程中表现出壮民族面对强势语言从容应对的机敏。