大科学工程高精密光学元器件研制的技术成熟度评价实证研究

研究大科学工程巨型激光装置建设所需的高精密光学元器件研制技术成熟度评价体系,提出光学元件研制的技术成熟度评价方法、评价等级、评价要素和评价流程。基于该体系对关键元件研制技术成熟度评价进行实证应用,评价结果对巨型激光装置的工程设计提供重要参考,降低巨型激光装置研制风险及光学元件供货对巨型激光装置研制进度的影响。     

教育行动研究的类型分析

教育行动研究是一个具有多种形态的研究过程,不同形态的行动研究具有不同的性质。从研究水平的角度,教育行动研究可以分为技术的、慎思的和解放的行动研究;从参与者的角度可以分为独立式、支持式和协同式行动研究。     

大型体育赛事媒介传播效果的层次与评估指标研究

基于媒介传播效果理论,对大型体育赛事媒介传播效果的概念进行界定.从心智模式视角分析大型体育赛事媒介传播效果形成的心理机制;将大型体育赛事媒介传播效果分为浅层、中层、次深层及深层传播效果.基于以上分析,提出由媒介传播、受众效果、经济效果、社会效果和负面效果等组成的大型体育赛事媒介传播效果评估指标.     

导游职业能力层次构建与递进式培养策略探析

导游职业能力层次直接决定了导游的个体素质,关系到导游职业发展前景。文章对导游岗位职业能力要求进行了分析,细分了导游职业能力结构的三个层次,从职业特定能力、关键能力以及核心能力三个方面提出了导游职业能力阶梯塑造的策略。     

The Impact of an Obstacle Course Sport Education Season on Students' Aerobic Fitness Levels

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine if factor patterns of selected sports skills were similar for two samples, a skilled sample and one consisting of a wide range of skills. Comparisons were also made with kinesiological evidence regarding the patterning of basic sports skills. Data consisting of performance scores on various sports skills were available for 166 high school girls. Out of this sample, a smaller sample was drawn consisting of 69 girls who were above average in skill. Two factor models, alpha and incomplete image analysis, were used in the analysis of this data. The factor pattern of selected sports skills performed by subjects above average in skill was similar in many respects to that of a sample which included a wide range of skill. The primary difference lay in the clustering of overarm skills which appeared in the above-average factor pattern. The overarm and push patterns of the above-average sample resembled the patterns of skill obtained through kinesiological analysis. The structure of kicking, underarm, and sidearm skills remained obscure, based on the results of factor analytic techniques.     

Responses to Forces Influencing Cohesion As a Function of Player Status and Level of Male Varsity Basketball Competition

Abstract

This exploratory study determined if the responses of male varsity basketball players to six factors influencing cohesion were a function of level of competitive intensity and/or the importance of the players to their team. Players on intact teams from five levels of competition – elementary school, junior high school, senior high school, small college and large college–responded to a cohesion questionnaire at the end of the season. Coaches designated five players with the most game playing time as “starters” and five players with the least game playing time as “reserves.” A team factor score for Team Performance Satisfaction, Self Performance Satisfaction, Task Cohesion, Affiliation Cohesion, Desire for Recognition and Value of Membership was calculated. Each team factor score served as the dependent variable in a 2 (player status) × 5 (level of competition) analysis ofcovariance design, with teams nested in the second factor. The won-loss record served as the covariate. Results indicated that “starters” were more satisfied with their own performance, were more task conscious, had a greater affiliation desire, and valued their membership on the team to a greater degree than the “reserves.” The elementary and junior high school team members were significantly more satisfied with the team's performance, were more satisfied with their own self performance, were more affiliation conscious, and valued their team membership to a greater degree than did college team members. The interaction between player status and level of competition was not significant for any of the factor scores.     

Physical Activity Practices in Elementary Schools and Associations With Physical Education Staffing and Training

Purpose: Authorities recommend that schools provide a variety of opportunities for students to obtain physical activity (PA) before, during, and after school. This study assessed the prevalence of several school PA practices—including measures of quantity and quality of physical education (PE)—in elementary schools and examined the associations of PA practices with school resources (PE staffing, training, and facilities). Method: Surveys were obtained from respondents in nationally representative samples of elementary schools from 2009–2010 to 2011–2012 (1,831 schools). Results: Few schools (20.8%) provided students with PE class every day, but most (76.3%) had an appropriate PE student-to-teacher ratio ( ≤ 25:1). Many schools (74.0%) offered 20 min of recess daily, but fewer than half offered organized opportunities for PA before or after school (e.g., sports). After controlling for demographics and school size, having a full-time PE teacher and requiring PE teachers to obtain PE-related continuing education (CE) were associated with PE practices such as offering ≥ 150 min of PE per week (for 3rd-grade students) and testing PE knowledge, skills, and fitness. Required CE was also associated with a higher likelihood of offering PA during the school day (i.e., activity breaks and PA outside of PE class) and before or after the school day (i.e., afterschool PA programs). Conclusion: Few schools offer a broad array of PA programming. However, PE staffing and CE are positively associated with many PA practices including those outside of PE, possibly indicating that PE staff serve a crucial role in promoting a whole-school PA-supportive environment.     

新形势下《数学分析》课程教考点分析

根据师专数学教育专业专业课时压缩的实际情况，就《数学分析》课如何开展教学和考查，对相关知识点进行分析并提出不同的教学目标层次。以实现在不降低教学质量的同时，缓解并进一步解决内容多与课时少的矛盾。     

重庆市五大功能区经济发展水平差异分析

运用主成分分析法对重庆市五大功能区区域之间的经济发展水平,以及渝东北生态涵养发展区与渝东南生态保护发展区区域内部的县域经济发展水平进行了分析。结果表明:五大功能区域之间的经济发展水平差距较大,且主要是渝东北生态涵养发展区、渝东南生态保护发展区与其他区域之间的差距明显,区域内各个区县的经济发展水平也具有明显的差距。建议应通过大力发展交通业、进一步强化区域中心城区的辐射功能、积极打造全域旅游业、优化产业结构等措施,缩小区域之间及县域之间经济发展水平的差距。     

对我国50年各层次民族教育相对发展状况的定量分析和相关建议

通过对各层次民族教育事业相对发展最重要的指标——在枝生数占全国同层次学生总教比例与同期少教民族人口比例的差值进行50年的追踪对比，可以看出：中等师范教育发展较好，小学阶段教育稳步发展，高中阶段教育严重不足，高等教育呈曲线变化，职业教育发展严重落后于形势的需要。为此，需要加大力度，努力实现民族地区2007年基本“普九”；关注中学教育，重点办好高中；职业教育要有新突破、大发展；民族高等教育要在提高质量上下功夫。