抗战时期的贵州农村合作事业

抗日战争时期，中国社会的政治经济重心暂时由东南一带向西南转移，对长期以来偏处一隅、封闭落后的贵州产生了极大影响，贵州农村合作事业在战时国家经济和行政手段的推动下，取得了长足的发展，为改善农业生产环境，提高农业生产能力，巩固后方经济做出了贡献。     

Differential effects of norm-referenced and self-referenced feedback on performance expectancies,attributions, and motivation

When feedback is provided to students in a norm-referenced manner that compares the individual's performance to that of others, people who perform poorly tend to attribute their failures to lack of ability, expect to perform poorly in the future, and demonstrate decreased motivation on subsequent tasks. The present study examined the hypothesis that the deleterious effects of failure might be attenuated when failure is expressed in self-referenced terms—relative to the individual's known level of ability as assessed by other measures. In this study, subjects received feedback indicating that they did well or poorly on an anagram test, and this feedback was described as either norm-referenced (comparing the individual's performance to that of others) or as self-referenced (comparing performance to other measures of the individual's ability). As predicted, compared to norm-referenced failure, self referenced feedback resulted in higher expectancies regarding future performance and increased attributions to effort. Contrary to expectations, attributions to ability were not affected. The implications of the results for the structure of academic feedback are discussed.     

新近发现的廖仲恺藏书研究

论文介绍了皖西学院图书馆最近整理出的廖仲恺先生当年的藏书,并对其进行了分析研究,认为这些书籍是廖仲恺为参加留学生科举考试所研读之书,并且对其后来的实践活动产生过影响.     

“朝邑二韩”其人其诗

陕西历史上著名的“朝邑二韩”韩邦奇、韩邦靖兄弟．不仅是奋不顾身为民请命的封建官员，而且是有一定成就的诗人。     

关于等差和等比数列的性质及其应用

对等差和等比数列这个古典代数学的基本内容作了一些较深入的探讨，得到了一系列非常有用的结果，并通过典型例题说明了它们在有关方面的应用。     

聋校心理健康教育的现状及对策研究

随着新一轮基础教育课程改革的进一步深化,心理健康教育越来越被大家所重视,各方面对心理健康教育工作的重视从另一个侧面说明了目前在学校教育中学生所暴露出的心理问题层出不穷,到了刻不容缓,必须去正视、思考、解决的时候了。本文着重分析了目前聋校心理健康教育的现状,并提出了相应的对策。     

中老年人从事气功锻炼的动机及特征研究

运用动机理论，对我国部分地区中老年从事气功锻炼的动机进行了调查，结果显示中老年人从事气功锻炼的动机是比较广泛和复杂的，既有直接的动机，又有间接的动机；既有缺乏情动机的，又有丰富情动机的。通过分析发现，我国现行的许多气功活动不仅仅是一种体育锻炼活动，同时也是一项团体性较强的社会活动。     

适应社会需求 办出体院特色——对体育学院办学模式的探索

本文在大量的调查研究基础上,全面总结了30多年高等体育教育办学的历史经验;充分论证了在有计划的商品经济条件下,高等体育教育改革的主客观依据;系统地提出了从系科改革入手,改革教学计划、教学大纲和课程设置的可行性方案;最后得出深化体育学院教育改革的几点结论。     

Attributions in a mastery instructional system: Is an emphasis on effort harmful?

Self-worth theorists have claimed that students of lower ability may reduce effort in likely failure situations to avoid the attribution of poor performance to their own incompetence. The likely success of mastery learning, an instructional technique stressing student persistence, has been questioned because of this phenomenon. Several studies which examined the hypothesized relationship between achievement, effort, and perceived ability within a mastery context were conducted. In none of the studies did it appear that students reduced effort because of the threat of failure or that expending effort led to lower estimates of ability. In fact, students expending effort rated their ability as having a more positive influence on performance than less persistent students. It is argued that mastery learning, like some achievement change programs, encourages students to attribute their performance to their level of effort.     

The functional meanings of behaviors: A factor analytic study of motivational orientations in Virgin Islands students

One hundred and sixty-five high school students in the Virgin Islands were asked to rate the extent to which they associate each of 62 behaviors with their concepts of “success,” “joy,” and “satisfying expectations.” They were also asked to rate the frequency with which they performed each of the behaviors. Results indicated that Virgin Islands students associate the word “success” not with academic behaviors, but with being modern, attractive, and nurturing. Moreover, individual students are less apt to perform those behaviors which Western teachers believe lead to academic success and more apt to perform those behaviors which the sample as a whole associates with being successful. The data indicate that although many Virgin Islands students enjoy traditional island activities, they do not feel successful when they engage in them. The results of the investigation are interpreted within the context of what is known concerning achievement behaviors of middle-class American youth, and implications are drawn for the teaching of young persons from diverse cultural backgrounds who attend classes conducted in the Western mode.