加强大学生“四种能力”培育的探索——以右江民族医学院为例

文章围绕学校扩大招生后在学生能力培养上存在的突出问题,提出了加强大学生"四种能力"培育的基本思路,并就如何加强大学生"四种能力"培育进行了有针对性的探索.     

第29届奥运会男子跆拳道比赛开局及首次得分特点分析

采用录像观察法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法对第29届奥运会男子跆拳道74场比赛进行分析,对比赛开局及首次得分特点进行研究。结果显示:87.94%场次的比赛在15秒内完成第一次攻防,开局时间主要集中在15秒内;首次得分使用的技术包括横踢、后踢、下劈踢和双飞踢4种,横踢是最核心技术占82.44%;首次得分的攻击部位主要以攻击躯干得分点为主,攻击头部比例很小。进攻和反击战术是男子跆拳道首次得分的主要战术形式,迎击战术所占比例较小;单一攻击首次得分与连续攻击首次得分比例相当;先得分并取得该场比赛胜利的场次多于先得分后被对方反超而失败的场次。     

短跑起跑后蹬时间－压力曲线的特征研究

摘要：为提高我国短跑运动技术水平提供理论支持,以第16届亚运会100 m跑男运动员为研究对象,通过对54人次的起跑后蹬时间－压力曲线结构进行对比分析,得出了双波峰与三波峰两种曲线类型。研究结果表明：双波峰结构优势在于双脚后蹬时间短和双脚后蹬力量更大,是一种更为合理的起跑后蹬时间－压力曲线结构。在起跑训练中,我们应重点加强双脚后蹬用力协同性的训练。如果劳义在起跑训练中将其起跑后蹬时间－压力曲线由三波峰结构转变为双波峰结构,将使他的100 m成绩由10.24 s提高到10.21s的水平。     

Independence of reaction time and response force control during isometric leg extension

In this study, we examined the relative control of reaction time and force in responses of the lower limb. Fourteen female participants (age 21.2±1.0 years, height 1.62±0.05?m, body mass 54.1±6.1?kg; mean±s) were instructed to exert their maximal isometric one-leg extension force as quickly as possible in response to an auditory stimulus presented after one of 13 foreperiod durations, ranging from 0.5 to 10.0?s. In the ‘irregular condition’ each foreperiod was presented in random order, while in the ‘regular condition’ each foreperiod was repeated consecutively. A significant interactive effect of foreperiod duration and regularity on reaction time was observed (P?<?0.001 in two-way ANOVA with repeated measures). In the irregular condition the shorter foreperiod induced a longer reaction time, while in the regular condition the shorter foreperiod induced a shorter reaction time. Peak amplitude of isometric force was affected only by the regularity of foreperiod and there was a significant variation of changes in peak force across participants; nine participants were shown to significantly increase peak force for the regular condition (P?<?0.001), three to decrease it (P?<?0.05) and two showed no difference. These results indicate the independence of reaction time and response force control in the lower limb motor system. Variation of changes in peak force across participants may be due to the different attention to the bipolar nature of the task requirements such as maximal force and maximal speed.     

Characteristics of the start in women's World Cup skeleton

This study characterizes key elements of the start in elite female World Cup skeleton athletes. The top 20 female competitors in three World Cup races were videotaped within a calibrated space to allow the following components of the start to be quantified: (1) acceleration (velocity at 15-m mark, time to 15-m mark), (2) capacity (time to load, total number of steps to load), and (3) load (velocity at 45-m mark). A correlation analysis was used to establish the relationship between the variables of interest and overall start time (15- to 65-m mark). Velocity at the 15-m mark accounted for 86% of the variance in overall start time at St. Moritz and 85% at Sigulda. A stepwise regression analysis revealed that approximately 89% of the variation in start time could be explained by velocity at the 15-m mark, time to load, and velocity at the 45-m mark. Of the variables analysed in this study, rapid acceleration to attain a high velocity at the 15-m mark was the most important component of a fast overall start time. The importance of the time to load and velocity at the 45-m mark vary according to the different track characteristics.     

WINDOWS95的启动模式与MSDOS.SYS文件设置

本文对WINDOWS95的不同启动模式作了全面介绍,并就WINDOWS95与WINDOWS3.X的共存、如何设置MSDOS.SYS文件实现不同的启动模式,优化WINDOWS95,充分发挥计算机资源提出见解。     

“大跃进”运动开始时间新论

“大跃进”运动开始或“正式”开始于1958年5月的中共八大二次会议,这是目前史学界通行的看法。其实,“大跃进”运动开始于1957年10月。“大跃进”运动是作为“社会主义建设总路线”的产物出现的,作为“总路线”中心的“多快好省”是在1955年下半年就完全出现并很快响遍全国和贯彻到实际工作中的;作为“大跃进”运动开路方法的大辩论在1957年10月前后已被肯定并广泛使用开来,这就使得发动及进行“大跃进”运动有了有利条件;中共中央和毛泽东批评“反冒进”的过程,也就是号召、部署“大跃进”运动的过程。中共中央在1957年10月前后,更是对“大跃进”运动做出了明确的部署;从1957年冬农业方面投入水利建设和积肥运动的劳动力情况看,是“大跃进”运动中常用的“大兵团作战”组织形式;1957年10月后迅速出现的农业“大跃进”运动,有力地推动了工业“大跃进”局面的迅速形成。农业、工业战线的“大跃进”运动,又推动了交通运输、商业等经济战线及文教卫生等战线迅速形成“大跃进”局面;1957年10月中共八届三中到1958年5月中共八大二次会议间工业战线和其他战线取得的成绩情况看,1957年10月后已是“大跃进”的局面了。     

关于我国健美操教材现状的调查与分析

通过对现行教材各种版本的收集与分析以及对 5 0多个单位、6 0多名教师和教练员的问卷调查 ,对我国健美操教材的编写和使用情况提出了一些个人看法 ,供同行们参考     

自由分区实现多操作系统启动的研究

本文从教学及日常工作中对多操作系统启动的要求入手 ,就如何实现自由分区、在不同分区实现多操作系统共存以及自由选择操作系统启动进行了研究     

Fitness,physical activity and academic achievement in overweight/obese children

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to examine the associations of fitness and physical activity with academic achievement in children with overweight/obesity. A total of 106 (10.0 ± 1.1y, 61 boys) children participated. The fitness components were assessed by field and laboratory-based tests. Physical activity was measured via accelerometry. The academic achievement was assessed by a standardised test and school-grades. Field-based cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with language skills (ß-standardised- ranging from 0.281 to 0.365, p < 0.01). The field-based muscular strength was associated with grade point average, natural and social sciences, and foreign language (ß = 0.280–0.326, all p ≤ 0.01). Speed-agility was associated with some language-related skills (ß = 0.325–0.393, all p ≤ 0.01). The laboratory-based muscular strength also showed an association with mathematics skills (ß = 0.251–0.306, all p ≤ 0.01). Physical activity did not show significant association with academic achievement (p > 0.01). Overall, the significant associations observed for muscular strength and speed/agility were attenuated and disappeared in many cases after additional adjustments for body mass index and cardiorespiratory fitness, indicating that these associations are inter-dependent. Our study contributes by indicating that other fitness components apart from cardiorespiratory fitness, such as muscular strength and speed-agility, are positively associated with academic achievement. However, these associations appear to be dependent on body mass index and cardiorespiratory fitness.