信息技术和现代管理变革

本文首先概括了现代管理变革在管理、组织结构、管理技术和管理策略中的具体表现，然后分析了信息技术在这些变革中所起的作用，最后研究了EIA模型，为企业信息化建设提供了理论基础。     

信息咨询半虚拟团队及其管理

本文介绍了信息咨询半虚拟团队的组织设想、半虚拟团队的促建因素,以及采用半虚拟团队的益处和优势。探讨了信息咨询半虚拟团队管理所涉及的主要方面,并提出需要深入探讨的几个相关问题。半虚拟团队理念为研究和发展信息咨询业务提供了一个良好的契机。     

虚拟团队共享领导及其影响因素与作用结果研究评述

采用文献研究法,以虚拟团队共享领导为主题,对现有研究进行梳理和分析。研究发现,共享领导比传统领导更适应虚拟团队;虚拟团队共享领导受成员个体、团队、垂直领导和组织支持、媒介等因素的影响;共享领导对虚拟团队结果和个体产出产生影响。最后,提出未来研究方向。     

中美数字参考咨询服务模式比较研究

本文概述了数字参考咨询服务模式,并对中美两国数字参考咨询服务的现状进行了阐述。并通过10个对比指标,对中美两国数字参考咨询服务模式进行了比较研究。最后提出了我国图书馆数字参考咨询的发展趋势与方向。     

关于超级计算发展战略方向的思考

超级计算能力是国家科技竞争力乃至综合国力的重要标志,也是经济社会发展、国防和国家安全的重要支撑。特别是在网络化、大数据、云计算和虚拟现实迅猛发展的背景下,超级计算不但是科技发展的利器,正引发科研模式的根本变革,也将成为重要的社会基础设施,并最终深刻地改变我们的生产和生活方式。但目前超级计算正面临应用效率低、能耗高、稳定性差和难以应用等严峻挑战。基于在复杂系统多尺度模拟方面多年的探索和积累,文章提出,按照计算对象、模型、软件与硬件的逻辑和结构一致的原理优化计算机体系结构,缓解和克服商品化通用硬件系统开发中的难点,可能是突破这些瓶颈的一条具有普遍意义的途径。     

Using log variables in a learning management system to evaluate learning activity using the lens of activity theory

As the advance of learning technologies and analytics tools continues, learning management systems (LMSs) have been required to fulfil the growing expectations for smart learning. However, the reality regarding the level of technology integration in higher education differs considerably from such expectations or the speed of advances in educational technologies. This research aimed to evaluate the current activation levels and usage patterns of a LMS. A large data-set was analysed, which included the online activity information from 7940 courses. Through data pre-processing, general indicators reflecting login frequencies of the virtual campus and activity-based indicators presenting the activation patterns of diverse functions provided by Moodle were derived. Activity theory was applied to interpret the results of analysis, since it has been recognised as a powerful framework to understand phenomena encompassing interactive systems. Further, time-series investigation over three consecutive semesters allowed observation of historical changes. The results revealed considerably low use of the virtual campus with only slight changes, as well as significantly different activity patterns across course attributes and colleges. Contradictions among components in the activity system are discussed, along with the implications for improving teaching and learning with LMS in higher education.     

The Role of Anatomy Computer-Assisted Learning on Spatial Abilities of Medical Students

Currently, medical education context poses different challenges to anatomy, contributing to the introduction of new pedagogical approaches, such as computer-assisted learning (CAL). This approach provides insight into students' learning profiles and skills that enhance anatomy knowledge acquisition. To understand the influence of anatomy CAL on spatial abilities, a study was conducted. A total of 671 medical students attending Musculoskeletal (MA) and Cardiovascular Anatomy (CA) courses, were allocated to one of three groups (MA Group, CA Group, MA + CA Group). Students' pre-training and post-training spatial abilities were assessed through Mental Rotations Test (MRT), with scores ranging between 0-24. After CAL training sessions, students' spatial abilities performance improved (9.72 ± 4.79 vs. 17.05 ± 4.57, P < 0.001). Although male students in both MA Group and CA Group show better baseline spatial abilities, no sex differences were found after CAL training. The improvement in spatial abilities score between sessions (Delta MRT) was correlated with Musculoskeletal Anatomy training sessions in MA Group (r = 0.333, P < 0.001) and MA + CA Group (r = 0.342, P < 0.001), and with Cardiovascular Anatomy training sessions in CA Group (r = 0.461, P = 0.001) and MA + CA Group (r = 0.324, P = 0.001). Multiple linear regression models were used, considering the Delta MRT as dependent variable. An association of Delta MRT to the amount of CAL training and the baseline spatial abilities was observed. The results suggest that CAL training in anatomy has positive dose-dependent effect on spatial abilities.     

中国假鹰爪属和皂帽花属植物叶的形态结构及其分类学意义

 利用扫描电镜技术、叶片离析法和石蜡切片法研究了假鹰爪属Desmos 4种植物和皂帽花属Dasy-maschalon 3种植物叶片的形态结构。结果表明：假鹰爪属植物叶片近轴面表皮具大型球状含晶簇细胞和不含晶簇的表皮细胞两种类型，远轴面表皮细胞均具一较小的晶簇；叶肉组织明显分化为栅栏组织细胞和海绵组织细胞，油细胞分布于第2层的栅栏组织和海绵组织内，单位毫米叶宽油细胞数为4～6个；主脉维管组织被薄壁细胞分隔成束状。皂帽花属植物叶片近轴面表皮细胞形状相同，均具一晶簇，远轴面表皮细胞的晶簇和近轴面表皮细胞的晶簇相似；靠近上、下表皮的叶肉组织均分化为栅栏组织细胞，在两层栅栏组织细胞之间分化为一至几层海绵组织细胞，油细胞分布于海绵组织内，单位毫米叶宽油细胞数为2～3个；主脉维管组织形成连续的环状。由此可见两属叶的结构具有明显的差异，因而支持假鹰爪属和皂帽花属为两个独立属的观点。     

组合逻辑电路中竞争冒险的虚拟仿真实验设计

竞争冒险现象是组合逻辑电路工作状态转换过程中经常出现的现象,而实验检测法是最为可靠的竞争冒险检测方法,通过以Multisim软件为平台进行虚拟的仿真实验,可以形象生动地展示竞争冒险现象及其消除方法。     

基于多模态话语分析理论的网络课程发展研究

网络课程随着数字信息技术和网络技术的发展而发展,基于多模态话语分析理论与功能语言学理论,网络课程发展的理想模式是构建逼真的三维或四维学习情境,刺激学习者的多种感官,让学习者身临其境地参与学习活动,从而顺利地完成意义构建,实现学习目的。“虚拟现实”技术的发展为网络课程理想模式即多模态虚拟课程的出现带来了可能。通过对多模态虚拟课程内涵、分类和特性的阐述,可以对网络课程的发展进行展望和分析。