Unpacking teacher candidates’ decision-making and justifications in dilemmatic spaces during the student teaching year

Learning to teach is a complex process that hinges on teacher candidates’ personal experiences, values, beliefs and characteristics, as well as the contexts they are exposed to. Student teaching as a transitional period may create dilemmas for teacher candidates, who are new to the profession and still learning about what it means to be a teacher. Thus, this study examined the dilemmas experienced by a group of Taiwanese teacher candidates during the student teaching phase. Using the framework of dilemmatic spaces, we identified the sources of their dilemmas and the decisions they made towards the dilemmatic situations and further examined how they justified their decisions. Our findings suggest that conflicting ideologies and teacher candidates’ identities as student teachers are the main sources of their dilemmas. In response to the dilemmas, teacher candidates showed different decision-making trajectories that revealed the different actions and justifications they took within the dilemmatic space.     

A tool for capacity building: teacher professional learning about teaching writing

This paper reports on qualitative research from an Australian, K-6, faith-based school about teachers’ experience of a job-embedded professional learning initiative (the Whole-School Benchmarking of Writing, WSBoW) that was designed to improve teachers’ capacity to apply data-driven decision-making to achieve improvements in student learning. Teacher interviews provided the data about experiences and influences on teching practice. The findings demonstrated that the professional learning initiative provided teachers with a supportive pedagogical tool for focusing their teaching practices on improving student learning. A research based evaluative framework was used as a heuristic to analyse the change initiative. This study used the framework and employed a social constructivist and sociocultural epistemology that recognised the importance of leadership and school context in the development of a culture focused on collaborative communities of practice and data-driven teacher decision-making. The study has significance for leaders, schools and systems that engage teachers in professional capacity building.     

县域公共科技决策法治化治理研究

县域公共科技决策法治化治理命题提出,是在探索中国特色法治化过程中,结合地方法治建设实况所进行的经验总结和逻辑延伸。本研究首先提出研究命题并建构关系假设。其次,结合AHFY县生态环境科技决策实况并利用OLS和2SLS回归分析验证研究命题关系假设。最后,从触发源、战略推进器等视角完成本研究效果分析与策略思考。     

新媒体视域下个体投资用户的信息获取行为研究

[目的/意义]研究了大数据环境下个体投资者的信息获取行为偏好,探索新媒体环境对个体投资用户的决策影响。[方法/过程]基于开放式股票投资在线社交网络（OSN）的视角,分析、确定个体投资用户的主要信息获取行为,以及影响个体投资决策的两个重要因素;通过问卷调查收集相关数据,提出研究假设,进行数据分析,并运用回归分析方法进行假设检验,分析个体投资者决策的信息获取行为偏好。[结果/结论]研究发现：不同个体投资者对信息获取行为的选择存在明显差异;并且个人分析能力不同的投资者的行为偏好存在差异;个性化推荐是对个体投资者决策具有较大影响作用的信息获取行为。     

School board decision-making and the elimination of sport participation fees

Public schools in the US are increasingly charging ‘pay-to-play’ fees for participating in sports. Although these fees can cause reductions in participation, particularly for children from lower-income families, pay-to-play has become a legitimate practice within the field of public education. This study examines what leads some school districts to abandon sport participation fees, despite the trend in adoption. In particular, using a qualitative, case study approach, we investigate why and how school districts eliminate pay-to-play. We found that the decision to terminate pay-to-play in the ‘Ellis’ district was shaped by the community culture and district leadership. Our findings are supported by data on surrounding school districts. This study contributes to the literatures on institutional change; privatization of health, sport and physical education; and school board decision-making. The findings also shed light on the local context of pay-to-play—a policy that has implications for social equity and youth health and wellness.     

基于前景理论的信息搜索有限理性特征研究

[目的/意义] 依据前景理论的核心内容,深入探究信息搜索的有限理性特征,试图深入揭示用户信息搜索过程中的决策行为规律,为精准分析、评估与预测信息搜索用户行为提供理论指导与方法支持。[方法/过程] 在阐述前景理论核心内容的基础上,采用调查与统计分析方法,以验证用户信息搜索的参照依赖、风险偏好逆转、损失规避、敏感度递减及框架效应。[结果/结论] 用户的信息搜索有限理性行为符合前景理论特征：用户在信息搜索时,存在效率与效果两方面的参照依赖,且面临获利前景时,有风险规避倾向,而面临损失前景时,有风险追求倾向;延迟比提前完成任务的感受更剧烈,符合损失规避特性,且越远离参考点,决策者感受边际变化越少,具有敏感度递减特性;同时,框架效应明显,呈现出正框架风险避免和负框架风险寻求特征。这为利用前景理论进行用户信息搜索行为解释与预测提供了实验证明。     

Social interaction-based consumer decision-making model in social commerce: The role of word of mouth and observational learning

Social commerce mediated by social media and social network platforms has led to the development of new business models in e-commerce and digitized the consumer decision journey. Social interaction is considered as a prerequisite for successful social commerce since consumers now expect an interactive and social experience while making purchase decisions. Drawing on word of mouth (WOM) and observational learning theories, we conceptualize social interactions in social commerce environments into two forms: WOM communication and observing other consumers’ purchases, and examine their impact on consumer purchase intention and actual purchase behavior. Analyzing primary data (n = 217) collected from surveyed active consumers within social commerce sites at two stages (pre-purchase and post-purchase), we found that positive and negative valence WOM, WOM content, and observing other consumers’ purchases significantly affect consumers’ intention to buy a product, thereby increasing the likelihood of actual buying and sharing product information with others on social commerce sites.     

职业抉择研究的逻辑基础述评

本文在综合考察国内外相关研究的基础上,运用批判性思维的方法,从问题的界定、前提假设的比较、概念的批判、价值预设的悬置、推理的分析和观点的辨析等方面,对职业抉择研究的逻辑基础进行了反思和再构。分析得到的初步结论是:信度和效度是职业测评的核心概念,运用统计量进行衡量是必要的,但在出现跨文化的引进过程中,还需要质的分析;当信度系数和效度系数不具有吸引力的时候,有必要将测量工具与测量主体的构念生成性、观点既存性和随情境可变性等要素结合起来进行考虑,从而使职业抉择相关测评尽可能达到理想效果。     

基于云计算的政府危机决策信息管理机制研究

政府危机涉及面广,其产生具有突发性和不确定性,在危机爆发时伴随大量的信息传递导致信息沟通不畅。为解决这一问题,应用云计算技术建立我国政府的危机决策信息管理系统,并研究在云计算平台上进行政府危机决策的信息管理机制,提出从机构、法律、教育以及信息发布等方面进行管理机制建设的建议,为我国政府低成本高效率地进行危机管理提供崭新的思路。     

图书馆科学决策论略

科学决策在图书馆事业中具有重要作用。科学决策对馆长的素质提出了更的要求。图书馆科学决策过程从识别问题开始,到实施决策,要经历4个阶段。以“百村书库”知识工程为例,介绍了图书馆科学决策的基本程序。