Lighting the Shroud of Turin for Exhibition in 2015

ABSTRACT

Lighting a cultural heritage artifact requires balancing visual perception with preventive conservation, by providing the best lighting (in terms of spectral distribution and quantity) to enable the viewer to appreciate details and color, while limiting photo-induced degradation. The paper outlines the methodology applied by a multi-disciplinary team while lighting the Shroud of Turin at its last public exhibition in 2015. The methodology considered the special requirements of the Shroud, including exposure to ultraviolet light, while providing appropriate display conditions that would meet audience expectations. The desired appearance (readability of the body image and color) was defined with the help of Shroud researchers and confirmed by subjective tests, while appropriate light levels for preservation were set in agreement with standard requirements and using knowledge of the degradation of linen in visible and UV light. The installation provided a controlled environment and a managed visitor route to the Shroud, assuring excellent perception of both details and color, with the lowest illuminance level about 15?lx.     

科研领域重点研究方向判别方法研究

[目的/意义] 判别重点研究方向对科研管理和科技政策的制定有着重要参考价值,已有的定量方法多是根据创新性、新颖性以及增长性等特征属性设计指标进行识别、推荐,本研究进一步利用研究方向间的关联关系,从网络拓扑结构和特征属性两个维度判别重点研究方向。[方法/过程] 在构建领域文献引用网络的基础上,利用大规模网络聚类算法识别研究方向,并构建研究方向关联网络,利用网络重要节点识别算法从网络拓扑结构的角度判别重点研究方向,同时结合新颖性、增长性和H指数三个特征属性指标,构建了重点研究方向遴选指标体系。[结果/结论] 对纳米科技领域进行实证分析,经专家判读,认为加权PageRank、Gefura以及增长性指标更加具有客观性、全面性和稳定性,通过综合运用三个指标遴选出208个纳米科技领域的重点研究方向。     

政府网站信息资源知识元模型与可视化表征研究

[目的/意义]利用知识元模型理论研究政府网站知识服务效果的优化路径,辅以可视化表征技术,以降低大数据环境下政务用户信息获取的操作负载和知识加工的认知负荷。[方法/过程]依据相关知识元模型研究推理出符合政府网站信息资源属性特征的六元组知识元表示方法和四元组知识元本体结构,采用TextRank与HDP算法分别抽取政府网站信息资源关键词和主题词,并由领域专家根据抽取结果确定知识元,构建包含知识元本体库生成和可视化知识服务的政府网站信息资源领域知识元可视化表征模型。[结果/结论]通过政府网站发布的共享单车实例检验知识元可视化表征模型的有效性和可行性,为实现政府网站粗粒度信息服务转向以知识元为单位的细粒度知识服务范式开辟了新的研究思路,可视化知识服务模式增强了政务信息导航的结构化和用户解读领域文本语义的效果。     

以产业化经营推动我省粮食经济发展

在分析了我省粮食经济的成就和主要问题之后,提出以产业化经营推动我省粮食经济发展.指出我省农业产业化存在的问题是区域分工、产业结构调整和企业模式选择并进行分析.     

近十年体育教师专业能力研究综述

通过对近十年我国体育教师专业能力的文献收集,将其分为中小学和大学两大类,并对每类文献做结构、现状、策略的综述。研究方法为文献资料法,逻辑分析法。研究结果:学者对体育教师专业能力结构的见解具有交叉性,但缺少统一的认识,研究范围较小,不足以代表合格教师所应具备的专业能力;现状和策略的研究较为陈旧,对提出的策略没有进一步跟进,策略缺乏创新,需要更深层次的研究。     

范成大《四时田园杂兴》结构的文化意味简

《四时田园杂兴》是范成大退居石湖创作的一组诗歌，自问世以来颇受瞩目，但至今仍少有人关注其特殊的结构形式。作者选择这一特殊结构形式有其特殊的寓意：纪念伴随其出生以来历久弥深的国耻。这一选择的驱动力来自我国的文化传统、作者的经历及对诗歌风格的好尚。     

新罗时期国语诗歌的结构分析

新罗时期的国语诗歌又称之为乡歌,它是朝鲜半岛最古老的国语诗歌。乡歌作品共有25首,其中《三国遗事》所载14首,《均如传》所载11首。通过对新罗乡歌作品结构的分析,可以进一步了解新罗国语诗歌的构成形式。《三国遗事》所载14首乡歌作品因其类型的多样性和记录方法的特殊性,在结构层面上也表现出了独特的一面。     

Guiding Low Spatial Ability Individuals through Visual Cueing: The Dual Importance of Where and When to Look

Research suggests that spatial ability may predict success in complex disciplines including anatomy, where mastery requires a firm understanding of the intricate relationships occurring along the course of veins, arteries, and nerves, as they traverse through and around bones, muscles, and organs. Debate exists on the malleability of spatial ability, and some suggest that spatial ability can be enhanced through training. It is hypothesized that spatial ability can be trained in low-performing individuals through visual guidance. To address this, training was completed through a visual guidance protocol. This protocol was based on eye-movement patterns of high-performing individuals, collected via eye-tracking as they completed an Electronic Mental Rotations Test (EMRT). The effects of guidance were evaluated using 33 individuals with low mental rotation ability, in a counterbalanced crossover design. Individuals were placed in one of two treatment groups (late or early guidance) and completed both a guided, and an unguided EMRT. A third group (no guidance/control) completed two unguided EMRTs. All groups demonstrated an increase in EMRT scores on their second test (P < 0.001); however, an interaction was observed between treatment and test iteration (P = 0.024). The effect of guidance on scores was contingent on when the guidance was applied. When guidance was applied early, scores were significantly greater than expected (P = 0.028). These findings suggest that by guiding individuals with low mental rotation ability “where” to look early in training, better search approaches may be adopted, yielding improvements in spatial reasoning scores. It is proposed that visual guidance may be applied in spatial fields, such as STEMM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics and medicine), surgery, and anatomy to improve student's interpretation of visual content. Anat Sci Educ. © 2018 American Association of Anatomists.     

Components of Variance of Scales With a Bifactor Subscale Structure From Two Calculations of α

Since Cronbach's (1951) elaboration of α from its introduction by Guttman (1945), this coefficient has become ubiquitous in characterizing assessment instruments in education, psychology, and other social sciences. Also ubiquitous are caveats on the calculation and interpretation of this coefficient. This article summarizes a recent contribution (Andrich, 2015) on the use of coefficient α which complements these many caveats. It shows that in the presence of a simple bifactor structure of a scale where unique components of variance are homogeneous in magnitude, three components of variance and the common latent common correlation among the subscales can be calculated from the ratio of two calculations of α, one at the level of the items, the other at the level of the subscales. It was suggested that these two ready calculations and their interpretation, and the reporting of all four indices in the analysis of scales with a subscale structure, would reduce the misinterpretation of this coefficient. An illustrative example of the application of the calculations is also shown.     

4-16世纪中国史家对于社会结构与历史演进的理解

历史认识中人本思想提升的一个理论结果,是史学家、思想家对于包括社会结构与历史演进等理论的思考获得深入。古代中国史学家、思想家对于社会结构与历史演进的理论思考,与早熟、发达的国家制度有关,与古代中国特有的史官制度及其文化形态、史学文化传统也有密切的关系。从公元4世纪到16世纪这1000多年观念的发展来看,史家对于社会结构的认识,大致延续了《史记》、《汉书》的传统,体现了大体一致的对社会结构的认识,即呈天、地、人、政治、经济、刑法、军事、政治制度、选官制度、文化的结构顺序。随着社会的发展,中国的史学家、思想家对于社会结构及其历史演进的理解亦不断深化,尤其是对社会经济及其历史意义的认识更是日益丰富。