Using the Illinois test of psycholinguistic ability with bilingual and monolingual language‐impaired children

The current popular case against the use of standardised ability tests in bilingual assessment is not as unequivocal as may be commonly assumed. Evidence currently available indicates that such tests generally measure the same constructs, with equal accuracy, regardless of language backgrounds. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to this debate by presenting a detailed comparison of the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Ability (ITPA) profiles of monolingual language‐impaired children who have received the diagnosis ‘specifically language‐impaired’ (SLI) (N = 95) and ITPA profiles of bilingual children who are referred for assessment of their language problems (N = 43). It is concluded that most bilingual children suffer from a ‘knowledge‐based’ problem, while most monolingual children suffer from a more fundamental ‘processing‐based’ problem. By presenting this analysis, we hope to contribute to the general debate about whether this commonly used test can be used in the assessment of bilingual children.     

Teaching science to visually impaired students： A small-scale qualitative study

Students have long regarded science as a difficult subject because of hard and abstract concepts. Traditional science teaching has been depended mostly on visual instruction. This makes it difficult for visually impaired （VI） or partially sighted students included in regular classrooms to learn the concepts. Blind students on the other hand, have no visual input at all. They need to learn using other senses such as touching and hearing. Classrooms should be adapted and instruction should be adjusted for better science teaching to VI students. The purpose of this study was to investigate how VI students learn science. The results of the data obtained via interviews and observations revealed that VI students need instructional and environmental accommodations to learn science. They need more tactual and audio experiences than visual instruction. Suggestions and implications about teaching science to students with visual impairments are discussed.     

英国为视障人士提供的图书馆服务

分析英国公共图书馆和专门志愿组织图书馆为视障人士提供服务的优劣之处。介绍近年来两种类型图书馆开展的各项合作活动,并说明因缺乏科学管理和充足资金而出现的问题。技术的变化使图书馆可以采取多种方式满足视障人士的需求。政府部门应当吸取发达国家的先进经验,承担为视障人士提供图书馆服务的责任。     

Motor Proficiency Traits of Deaf Children

Abstract

This study examined the physical, psychological and perceptual/visual variables related to elite archers' shooting performance. Complete data on 62 variables were obtained on male (n = 44) and female (n = 35) archers, who were tested during the years 1982-1984. In order to reduce the number of variables, only those that correlated significantly with performance (r > .25, p < .005) were retained. This yielded seven variables. These variables were then combined into an overall hierarchical regression model. The overall model was significant (p <.001, adjusted R² = .53). This analysis indicated that relative leg strength, reaction time, depth perception, endomorphy, imagery usage, confidence, and focus on past mistakes were variables associated with archery performance. Finally, the total sample was classified into two groups on the basis of the shooting scores. Discriminant function analysis indicated that 81% of the archers were classified correctly on the basis of these significant predictors.     

视障学生考试时间延长依据研究

为视障学生延长考试时间是提供合理便利考试环境的重要手段。以27名视障生和44名明眼生为被试,忽略性别、专业、教育背景等差异,随机选取10篇文章作为阅读材料,分析阅读速度对考试时间的影响。对被试的年龄和阅读内容进行差异性检验,在没有显著性差异的基础上,发现明眼生和视障生阅读速度存在显著差异,阅读速度比为1∶1.70。对阅读速度与考试时间相关性进行拟合迭代分析,得出考试需求时间与阅读速度成反比,据此提出应在规定考试时间基础上给视障生延长70%的考试时间。     

将瑜伽手印练习用于视障大学生体育课的尝试

体育锻炼对身心健康具有重要的作用,有计划的体育锻练能够提高视障大学生的身体素质、促进其心理健康。以目前已掌握的残疾人及视障大学生普遍存在的心理问题的研究分析为基础,尝试性将瑜伽手印练习这一新颖的身心锻炼方式运用于视障大学生体育课,为今后残疾人大学体育教育提供参考依据。     

U.S. state government websites demonstrate better in terms of accessibility compared to federal government and commercial websites

State government websites are a main information portal for people. The primary objective of this study is to examine 50 U.S. state government websites to evaluate the status of their accessibility in comparison with federal government and randomly selected commercial websites. The results show a significant difference among the three groups (F(2, 101) = 11.81, p < 0.001) with respect to accessibility. In particular, the state and federal government websites provide more accessible service to their users than the commercial websites (p < 0.01). The most frequent barriers to accessibility found on state government websites are also listed here for web designers and developers to enable them to improve their quality of service in the future.     

浙江省高职视障学生英语学习现状调查及对策研究——以浙江特殊教育职业学院为例

本文对浙江特殊教育职业学院视障学生英语的学习情况和教学现状做了比较全面的调查和分析。通过本次调查,找出了目前该校视障学生英语学习和教学中存在的问题,并提出了相应的解决途径。     

糖耐量减低、抵抗素与运动关系研究进展

抵抗素是脂肪细胞分泌的一种激素，具有抵抗胰岛素的作用，在联系肥胖与胰岛素抵抗等方面起着重要作用，是国内外研究的热点。而糖耐量减低（IGT）是糖尿病的前期表现，常与高胰岛素血症、肥胖及胰岛素抵抗（IR）等代谢综合征并存。国内外对IGT患者进行生活方式干预的试验说明运动可降低IGT向2型糖尿病的转化机率，但运动对抵抗素的影响存在不同的实验结果。研究动态表明，探讨糖耐量减低、抵抗素与运动的关系，揭示运动引起糖耐量减低患者抵抗素水平变化的机制具有广阔前景和重要意义。     

视障运动员动作记忆感觉道效应的实验研究

采用实验法,借助加工分离的实验程序,以视障运动员(包括盲童和低视力运动员)为实验组,低视力和明眼学生为对照组,非言语为实验材料,对视障运动员动作记忆感觉道效应进行实验研究。结果表明:学习和测验阶段感觉道的改变,对动作内隐记忆影响较大,对动作外显记忆则影响较小;视障运动员的意识性提取成绩显著优于视障学生,而两者之间的自动提取成绩几乎无差异。