大学生体质健康测试中运动损伤的调查研究

为了更好地完成《国家学生体质健康标准》的测试工作,本文采用文献资料、逻辑分析、实地考察等方法,对大学生体质健康测试过程中常发生的运动损伤进行了分析,并提出相应的预防措施,为体质健康测试的顺利进行、学生的健康发展、教育主管部门的决策提供了理论依据。     

Responses to oral glucose challenge differ by physical activity volume and intensity: A pilot study

BackgroundOne-hour postprandial hyperglycemia is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Physical activity (PA) has short-term beneficial effects on post-meal glucose response. This study compared the oral glucose tolerance test results of 3 groups of people with habitually different levels of PA.MethodsThirty-one adults without diabetes (age 25.9 ± 6.6 years; body mass index 23.8 ± 3.8 kg/m²; mean ± SD) were recruited and divided into 3 groups based on self-reported PA volume and intensity: low activity < 30 min/day of moderate-intensity activity (n = 11), moderately active ≥ 30 min/day of moderate-intensity PA (n = 10), and very active ≥ 60 min/day of PA at high intensity (n = 10). Participants completed an oral glucose tolerance test (50 g glucose) with capillary blood samples obtained at baseline, 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min, 90 min, and 120 min post-ingestion.ResultsThere were no significant differences between groups for age or body fat percentage or glycated hemoglobin (p > 0.05). The groups were significantly different in terms of baseline glucose level (p = 0.003) and, marginally, for gender (p = 0.053) and BMI (p = 0.050). There was a statistically significant effect of PA on the 1-h postprandial glucose results (p = 0.029), with differences between very active and low activity groups (p = 0.008) but not between the moderately active and low activity groups (p = 0.360), even when baseline glucose level and gender differences were accounted for. For incremental area under the curve there was no significant effect of activity group once gender and body fat percentage had been accounted for (p = 0.401). Those in the low activity group took 15 min longer to reach peak glucose level than those in the very active group (p = 0.012).ConclusionThe results suggest that high levels of PA have a beneficial effect on postprandial blood glucose profiles when compared to low and moderate levels of activity.     

主客观信息融合的港口综合能源系统评价指标体系

为建立绿色港口,实现港口的节能环保,对港口综合能源系统(port integrated energy system,PIES)的评价方法进行研究,提出一种主客观信息融合的PIES评价指标体系,将主观评价与数理统计模型进行结合,兼顾评价过程中的主客观因素,并采用基于马氏距离的统计检验方法对评分矩阵进行修正,实现对PIES的全面评价。通过青岛港董家口港区的调研数据,验证该方法的有效性。     

英语被动语态与介词的搭配关系

英语被动语态可以分为行为被动语态和状态被动语态。由于两种被动语态的性质特征不同,与之搭配的介词也就不尽相同。有的介词既可以与行为被动语态搭配使用,也可以与状态被动语态搭配使用;有的介词却只能与状态被动语态搭配使用。     

Postural balance and rifle stability in a standing shooting position after specific physical effort in biathletes

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of maximal specific physical effort on postural balance and rifle stability in biathletes in a standing shooting position. The study included 10 junior elite biathletes. The measurements were taken with the Vicon system and AMTI force platform. Postural balance and rifle stability characteristics were determined at rest as well as 1 and 5 min post maximal specific physical effort which was performed on a ski ergometer and continued until exhaustion. Maximal physical effort exerted a significant effect on all examined postural sway and rifle sway characteristics. The duration of the post-exercise changes was longer than 5 minutes. Higher post-effort rifle sway was observed in the vertical direction than in the across the shooting line direction. Post-effort postural balance impairment in the shooting line was much greater than in the across the shooting line direction. Moreover, a strong correlation was found between postural balance and rifle stability. Maximal physical effort influenced postural balance and rifle stability during aiming. Rifle sway during aiming in a standing shooting position seems to be coordinated with the postural sway of the biathlete’s body. Thus, an increase in postural sway contributes to greater sway and lesser stability of the rifle.     

大学生体测结果关注与锻炼坚持性关系的研究

探索大学生体测结果关注与锻炼坚持性的现状及其相互关系。通过文献法与访谈法对体测结果关注的概念及维度进行界定,自编大学生《体测结果关注问卷》,并修订大学生《锻炼坚持性问卷》,运用这两个问卷对1 219名在校大学生进行调查。通过方差分析、相关分析和回归分析,发现大学生的体测结果关注与锻炼坚持性在性别、年级方面存在显著差异,体测结果关注与锻炼坚持性显著相关,体测结果关注可以预测锻炼坚持性。其中,体测自较关注是预测锻炼坚持性及努力投入与情感体验因子的主导因素,《标准》评价关注最能预测锻炼行为。研究发现了体测自较关注对锻炼坚持性的重要意义,建议在实践教学中不仅要通过结果性评价满足学生对《标准》评价的关注,更要重视通过体质增值评价提高学生对体测自较的关注,进而有效促进学生的锻炼坚持性。研究为大学生体质健康促进的教学干预提供了理论依据。     

正念教育对初三学生考试焦虑影响的实证研究 ——以厦门市某中学为例

考试焦虑是当前教育环境下较普遍的心理问题,不利于学生身心健康和学业成绩进步.研究旨在探讨正念教育对考试焦虑的影响,分前后两期:前期研究,对厦门市271名5至9年级学生的正念水平与考试焦虑水平进行了测量,测量结果显示二者有显著的相关性;后期研究,在厦门市某中学初三年级进行了为期4周的正念教育实验,结果表明,相比控制组,实...     

语料库在高职高专酒店英语教学中的运用

语料库语言学是信息科技的产物,它已在语言教学领域初步使用。通过运用大量的真实语言情景材料和利用计算机对大量语料进行分析、处理,在英语教学中产生了较大而深远的影响。立足于实际教学,探讨了这一影响,分析了语料库在英语教学中的重要作用,通过研究指出在建设、推广、研究及应用语料库等方面存在的现实问题。     

万维网信息智能检索及其在语音网站中的应用

A scheme for designing a voice Website-based intelligent WWW information retrieval system is presented.It provides convenient and rapid information retrieval service for more users.Combining the advantages of full-text retrieval and intelligent retrieval,it can improve the response speed,recall ratio and pertinency ratio.Meanwhile,by using ASR,TIS and natural language processing,it can enlarge the scale of Internet users.