基于用户自然标注的TF-IDF辅助标引算法及实证研究

[目的/意义] 从用户角度出发,研究基于用户自然标注的TF-IDF辅助标引算法。[方法/过程] 首先以核心期刊论文中作者标注的关键词和分类号为源数据,通过对关键词词频进行统计,使用TF-IDF算法构建用户标注词表、形成标引知识库,然后通过IK Analyzer分词软件对待标引的科技项目数据进行切词和停用词处理,进而使用TF-IDF算法和位置加权算法提取科技项目数据的特征词,最终实现对科技项目数据进行关键词和分类的同步标引。[结果/结论] 实验结果表明,机标关键词与人标关键词的相似比在60%以上的科技项目数据占总数的68.1%,机标分类号与人标分类号前三位一致的占总数的83.9%,结果表明基于用户自然标注数据并采用TF-IDF算法在关键词和分类标引方面是可行的。     

Concept Relationships in Knowledge Organization Systems: Elements for Analysis and Common Research Among Fields

Knowledge organization systems have been studied in several fields and for different and complementary aspects. Among the aspects that concentrate common interests, in this article we highlight those related to the terminological and conceptual relationships among the components of any knowledge organization system. This research aims to contribute to the critical analysis of knowledge organization systems, especially ontologies, thesauri, and classification systems, by the comprehension of its similarities and differences when dealing with concepts and their ways of relating to each other as well as to the conceptual design that is adopted.     

A Follower-Centric Approach to Leadership in the Newsroom

This article analyses leadership in the newsroom of the Spanish newspaper El País as well as its impact on the craft of journalism more generally. Through 23 in-depth interviews, we try to elucidate how the newsroom constructs its leaders (in the newsroom, what does it mean to be a leader?), paying particular attention to the main skills considered to be necessary. According to our newsroom findings, not all heads of section or editors-in-chief are leaders, a fact that questions formal authority relations and proclaims expertise and know-how as discriminatory skills. This study emphasizes that the collective recognition of a leader is not an ultimate disposition, but can vary over time: consequently leaders who do not achieve the professional requirements of the newsroom can be denied the status, despite their expertise and experience. Our findings indicate that leaders at El País are those journalists (no matter what their positions) with strong capacities and skills (fundamentally experience, expertise and creativity) to manage form (relationships) and substance (contents) in the daily work of the newsroom. In short, journalists seen as leaders combine reiterated and strong qualities and merit, graphically reflected in the texts they have published for years in the newspaper.     

Latin@ advocacy in the hyphen: faculty identity and commitment in a Hispanic‐serving institution

This study examines our experiences as female junior scholars with multicultural backgrounds teaching at the same Hispanic‐serving institution. As education scholars with mixed‐heritage families, we identify with the commitment to serving Latinos and the number of mixed‐heritage people in the USA. The election of Barack Obama, whose racial background is both black and white, to the US presidency signifies the emergence of mixed‐heritage people as a demographic presence in this country. Our research suggests that more understanding is needed about the experiences of mixed‐heritage faculty in academia, as well as the ways in which faculty from any background may develop multiple affiliations with cultural communities and pursue professional agendas related to communities that they do not neatly fit into. Despite this variation in backgrounds and research agendas, we share our efforts in advancing Latin@ educational attainment.     

对集团化学校管理组织结构变革的探讨

基础教育阶段的集团化学校从成型到整体优质，直至实现持续发展，必须积极应对管理挑战。学校高层管理者必须重视管理成长，保持竞争的警觉性。依据现代管理组织设计理念，根据集团化学校的发展程度，及时相应地调整管理结构与组织，实现集团化学校整体优质持续的发展。     

志愿服务与弱势群体的权利保障

在仅仅依靠政府和社会难以全面实现对弱势群体的基本权利保障的情况下,充分发挥青年志愿者组织对弱势群体的志愿服务的特色和优势,切实保障弱势群体的基本权利,以弥补政府和社会相关服务的不足,对促进社会的公平与和谐,具有重要的意义。鉴于对弱势群体的志愿服务的长期性、复杂性及较强的专业性等特点,青年志愿者的相关服务尚有一些需要进一步完善之处。     

积极践行“三个代表”重要思想 公道正派搞好组织人事工作

本文结合自己的工作实际,畅谈学习“三个代表”重要思想,开展“树组工干部形象”活动的重要意义及落实其要求的五项具体措施。     

构建民主开放的组织工作新机制初探

面对开放的时代、开放的社会和开放的形势，如何加强和改善党的组织工作，是新时期党的建设工作的一个重大课题。构建民主开放的组织工作新机制，则为这个课题的解决拓展了新的思路。     

知识聚合研究述评

[目的/意义] 知识聚合是近年来图书情报领域新兴起的研究领域,通过对知识聚合的内涵、方法和应用进行梳理,提出知识聚合的发展趋势,为后续研究提供参考。[方法/过程] 首先通过概念辨析对知识聚合的内涵进行说明,认为知识聚合是知识组织的新发展方向,并有助于实现基于用户需求的知识服务。其次,从基于情报检索语言、知识网络、语义网和主题四个方面对知识聚合的方法体系进行阐述,进而对知识聚合在知识获取、知识推荐及知识发现上的应用研究进行介绍。[结果/结论] 在此基础上,提出丰富不同数据层面的聚合实证研究、注重聚合方法的融合、加强在大数据环境下的服务创新的发展趋势。     

引气贵齐义脉融贯——汉语话语组织论之一

语义和语势的连贯、流畅,是汉语话语组织的重要原则之一。从话语组织的角度来看文气和语势,则通常是以语义重心的明晰和前后衔接的自如为基本原则的。需要指出的所谓语义重心的明晰和前后衔接的自如,仅仅是基本的原则要求而已。在具体的言语表达实践中,语体的多样性、表现内容的丰富性和主体情致的复杂性等因素,都决定了话语组织方式的灵活性以及个性特征。