乌江、酉水民间文学中的"走龙"崇拜——渝东南少数民族地区"两河流域"龙崇拜的文化特质

渝东南乌江、酉水构成重庆东南部少数民族独特的“两河流域”,此地少数民族人民创作才情丰富干练,他们对本区域山川地理、风光景物、风俗民情等耳濡目染,充满感情,体会独特,创作出许多神奇的神话故事和传说,他们可能根本没到过某些地方,却能根据这些地方的自然或社会现象创作出神话故事、传说、歌谣,其“走龙”崇拜就突显出渝东南“两河流域”的民族特色,此少数民族民间文化现象相当神奇,值得研究和借鉴。     

高校学生评教结果缘何失效——影响因素、逆向选择机制及其治理路径研究

运用文献法、访谈法、扎根理论和逻辑演绎法,建构影响高校学生评教有效性的理论模型,阐释影响因素对于逆向评教产生影响的作用机理。从目前高校评教所暴露出的突出问题,提出提高高校学生评教有效性的治理路径。研究认为,影响评教结果的主要因素包括学生因素、教师因素、学校因素以及课程因素。评教容易导致两个方向的逆向选择,其一是学生对教师评教的逆向选择,其二是教师为应对学生评教和学校制度安排对教学方式和管理方式的逆向选择。前一种逆向选择取决于学生的目标函数或偏好选择,后一种逆向选择取决于学校的制度安排。两种逆向选择构成一个彼此强化的反馈结构,形成负向强化并造成恶性循环,最终危及学校的整体教学质量和水平。     

概化理论在结构化面试评分误差中的应用研究

应用概化理论对结构化面试的评分误差的控制问题进行了研究。结果表明:结构化面试评分能够较好地反映出被试的真实能力水平,评分具有较高的信度;在保证较高的面试评分信度(0.80)的情况下,建议将考官人数减少至9名,以提高结构化面试的经济性和效率性。     

西部中职教师职业核心能力初探

以广西中职师资培训基地的培训学员为研究样本,运用行为事件访谈法探析西部中职教师职业核心能力。研究得出,西部中职教师的职业核心能力包含十一项指标:影响力、人际洞察力、自信、职业忠诚、学生中心、团队协作、职业指导能力、细节洞察与指导、知识情境模块化、心理辅导能力、自我完善。     

Science teachers and scientific argumentation: Trends in views and practice

Current research indicates that student engagement in scientific argumentation can foster a better understanding of the concepts and the processes of science. Yet opportunities for students to participate in authentic argumentation inside the science classroom are rare. There also is little known about science teachers' understandings of argumentation, their ability to participate in this complex practice, or their views about using argumentation as part of the teaching and learning of science. In this study, the researchers used a cognitive appraisal interview to examine how 30 secondary science teachers evaluate alternative explanations, generate an argument to support a specific explanation, and investigate their views about engaging students in argumentation. The analysis of the teachers' comments and actions during the interview indicates that these teachers relied primarily on their prior content knowledge to evaluate the validity of an explanation rather than using available data. Although some of the teachers included data and reasoning in their arguments, most of the teachers crafted an argument that simply expanded on a chosen explanation but provided no real support for it. The teachers also mentioned multiple barriers to the integration of argumentation into the teaching and learning of science, primarily related to their perceptions of students' ability levels, even though all of these teachers viewed argumentation as a way to help students understand science. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 49: 1122–1148, 2012     

清华大学图书馆“保钓、统运”资料收藏与读者服务

清华大学图书馆在接收捐赠的基础上,建立并不断完善"保钓、统运"资料特藏,在专家团队的协作下,开展口述访谈,注重学生参与,并成立保钓资料收藏研究中心,继续深入挖掘并整理"保钓、统运"资料特藏,为读者提供服务。     

新中国成立初期研究生教育的历史变迁过程与特点探析(1949-1966)—以早期教育史研究班为个案

中华人民共和国成立至“文化大革命”前17年间,教育史研究班在全国范围内共举办了三届:1955年,苏联专家杰普莉茨卡娅在华东师范大学开办的首届教育史研究班,1956年,华东师范大学校长孟宪承指导的中国教育史研究班,1961年,北京师范大学创办的中国教育史研究班.这三届教育史研究班作为研究生教育探索历程中的生动案例,是新中国成立初期研究生教育探索历史的一个缩影.考察和分析早期教育史研究班的创办过程及其研究生培养的各个环节,不仅展现出新中国成立初期从学习苏联到逐渐探索适合我国国情的研究生教育历史变迁过程,而且呈现出该时期研究生教育从学习模仿到初步专业规范化的历史特点.     

浅谈新闻采访前的准备

新闻采访是新闻工作中的重要环节,是新闻写作的前提。新闻采访过程中除了要记者掌握好采访技巧外,更重要的一点是新闻采访前要做好准备,这样才会在采访时得心应手,获取想要得到的有价值的信息。基于此,着重论述新闻采访前需要做的准备,以及新闻采访前做准备的重要性,以期促进新闻采访质量的进一步提高。     

Perceived Information Exchange and Health Control Expectancies as Influenced by a Patient's Medical Interview Situation

The purpose of this study was to examine how a patient's medical interview situation influences the relationship between the health locus of control and information exchange. Participants included 537 people who completed the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale and the patient version of the Medical Communication Competence Scale in reference to their last health care visit. The results indicated that the situation surrounding the medical interview influenced the relationship between the health locus of control and information exchange.     

Determinants of diachronic information seeking among communication intermediaries

While the study of the ethical use of new technologies in journalistic work is imperative given the widespread use of such technology, such studies are few and far between, particularly for the developing world. This paper provides results of an exploratory, qualitative study of Indian journalists’ views about the ethical use of new computer and Internet-based technologies for news gathering and reporting in India. New digital technology was widely accessible to the respondents, but not all journalists were given the tools by their employers. Opinions about ethical news practices using new technology were mixed and revealed a few grey areas. English language national newspapers tended to indicate that their standards were strict and that ethical violations, exacerbated by new technology, occurred mostly in vernacular newspapers. On the whole, respondents had not heard often of other organizations or individuals committing unethical practices such as plagiarism and lack of attribution using new technology. Still, some beliefs indicated uncertainty about ethical practice or breach of ethical principles. The findings of this study have implications for journalism education and on-the-job training of Indian journalists, as well as for formulating ethical codes of journalism, particularly with regard to new media. Indian codes focus more on the roles journalists should play in society and do not provide very specific tactical guidance for everyday news gathering. Coupled with lack of training, this creates a situation where perceptions about journalistic ethics are sometimes vague and variant.