太湖土著菌MC-LTH11的筛选及其对藻毒素-RR和-LR的生物降解(英文)

从太湖中成功筛选出一株能够同时降解微囊藻毒素-RR(MC-RR)和微囊藻毒素-LR(MC-LR)的土著细菌MC-LTH11.经鉴定,该菌属寡养单胞菌属,并含有mlrA基因.在含有藻毒素粗提物的培养基中,MCLTH11能够在6 d内将初浓度分别为37.13 mg/L的MC-RR和18.49 mg/L的MC-LR完全降解,并且降解速度受到pH值、温度、初始微囊藻毒素浓度和培养基种类的影响.此外,MC-LTH11能够在1 d内完全降解太湖水样中的微囊藻毒素.研究结果表明,寡养单胞菌MC-LTH11具备对微囊藻毒素污染水体的修复能力,并可能是太湖水华爆发后微囊藻毒素降解的重要因素.     

小流域条件下岩溶落水洞的过流能力评价方法探索

贵州省岩溶分布广泛,小流域地面单元多元化,岩溶落水洞往往是小流域微地貌的过水通道．根据岩溶地区小流域的特殊条件,结合暴雨洪水各种评价方法,从而较好地评价岩溶落水洞的过流能力．     

Analysis of ice slurry production by direct contact heat transfer of air and water solution

In this paper, a novel system using direct contact heat transfer between air and water solution was proposed to generate ice slurry. The heat transfer process and the system performance were studied; energy efficiency coefficients of 0.038, 0.053, and 0.064 were obtained using different solutions. An empirical relationship between the volumetric heat transfer coefficient Uv and the main parameters was obtained by fitting the experimental data. The Uv calculated from the empirical formula agreed with the experimental Uv quite well with a relative error of less than 15%. Based on the empirical formula, a laboratory-scale direct contact ice slurry generator was then constructed, with practical application in mind. If the air flow rate is fixed at 200 m3/h, the ice production rate will be 0.091 kg/min. The experimental results also showed that the cold energy consumption of the air compressor accounted for more than half of the total amount. To improve the system energy efficiency coefficient, it is necessary to increase the air pipes insulation and the solution＇s thermal capacity, and also it is appropriate to utilize the free cold energy of liquefied natural gas （LNG）.     

清代至民国京畿地区的水利纠纷及其解决措施

清代,京畿地区的水利事业得到了全面发展。受自然、社会与历史因素的制约,京畿地区的水利纠纷较为频繁,并有不同的类型与地域特点。进入民国以后,京畿地区的水利纠纷及其解决亦呈现出典型的"近代"特色。为解决水利纠纷,当地采取了包括立碑刻石、完善管理、加强水利设施建设和改变传统用水习俗在内的多种措施。     

钠与水反应的实验装置改进

高中化学教材中钠与水反应实验虽然简单,但无法让学生直观看到反应生成的气体,且未能对该气体性质进行论证即给出结论,不利于学生探究精神的培养;同时,该实验容易因取用钠太大造成实验事故。文章通过改进实验,能清楚观察到气体的生成并对其溶解性、可燃性进行验证,并能观察到钠在煤油和水层反应的跳动现象,效果明显,实验成功率100%,不存在安全问题。     

Use of Polarised Light Microscopy to Improve Conservation of Parchment

ABSTRACT

The preservation state of parchment primarily depends on the structure of the collagen fibre network, which in turn is responsible for optical anisotropy, i.e. birefringence. Polarised light microscopy can therefore be used as a non-invasive technique that allows recording of birefringence distribution in the parchment, which directly relates to stress–strain distribution. Using samples from diverse sources (commercial parchment, parchment used by restorers for book binding, and parchment fabricated for the purpose of this study), we assessed the capability of polarised light microscopy for various diagnostics. We performed, for instance, identification of gelatinised regions, layered or ?brous regions in parchment cross section, qualitative analysis of parchment fat content (lipids), observation of stress-induced patterns resulting from tensile tests, and observation of water diffusion. These proof-of-principle experiments extend the capability of polarised light microscopy far beyond its common use and open the path to its deployment in conservation studies.     

工业用水总硬度在线检测方法探索

将流动注射技术应用于水中总硬度的分析,并在各种实验条件下研究相关因素的影响.在EDTA浓度为0.02 mol/L时,检测范围能满足国标要求的5～1000 mg/L测量范围,能够很好地应用于炼钢厂中生产用水、锅炉水的总硬度的在线测定.     

论环境污染事件受害者利益表达机制的困境及对策

环境污染事件频繁发生,不仅给受害者带来健康危害,而且受害者的权益也得不到及时的救济。究其原因,是由于受害者在遭受环境污染侵害后的利益表达机制不畅造成的,即和解难、调解难、诉讼难、监督难。因此应当为排污企业和受害者之间促成和解创造条件,明确政府环境责任,完善行政调解机制,进一步加强司法救济力量,充分落实公众的环境参与权。     

挪威科技大学水处理工程专业的人才培养方案

挪威科技大学作为挪威工科类排名第一的院校,在教学和科研方面具有很多值得借鉴和学习的地方。水处理工程专业的培养机制、课程体系、教育教学平台在培养厚基础、宽口径、国际化视野的人才方面提供了各种保障,其成绩评定系统以及考核方式对于夯实专业起到了辅助督促作用。     

环境污染刑事责任研究

重大环境污染事故频繁发生,环境污染问题日益加剧,单纯地追究环境污染的行政和民事责任已经很难解决环境污染问题。文章以环境污染刑事责任为研究对象,探讨了当前有关环境污染刑事责任的三个热点问题,得出了应该加强对环境污染刑事责任的追究、适用严格责任、引入危险犯等结论。