制冷专业课程的“任务驱动型”教学

在制冷专业课开展＂任务驱动型＂教学,可使学生变被动为主动地接受知识。其方法是,教师根据课程内容,提出相应的任务,并引导学生设法完成。学生在完成任务的过程中,可进一步理解和掌握课程的知识,并获得相关技能的训练。教学过程包括＂情境的创设,任务的提出、完成和评价＂等环节,有利于培养学生自主学习的能力和合作意识。     

团队内任务冲突与关系冲突的关系与协调

团队冲突包括任务冲突和关系冲突两种基本类型,冲突在团队互动过程中难以避免。以往文献显示,大多数情况下任务冲突总是对团队绩效有着积极的影响,而关系冲突通常对团队绩效有着消极的影响。但是任务冲突和关系冲突之间的关联性降低了团队冲突的积极效应。本文指出,通过增强团队成员之间的信任、采取适度合作的冲突处理方式、形成学习目标导向的团队等途径可以防止任务冲突转化为关系冲突,从而有助于提升团队效能。     

A novel approach to standardizing landing and balancing tasks in netball using single-leg horizontal jumps

This study aimed to establish the reliability of a novel netball task using a single-leg horizontal jump (SLHJ). Twenty-five females 18–39 years performed SLHJs for maximal displacement and ground-reaction forces. Participants completed two trials for each leg on two occasions separated by 6 weeks of pre-season netball training. Paired sample t tests highlighted no significant differences within trials for either limb. Significant (p ≤ .05) changes are reported for displacement, and dominant and nondominant X and Y forces, after 6-week netball training. SLHJ displacement showed excellent within-session reliability at baseline for dominant (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC(2,1)) = 0.922, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.826–0.966) and nondominant (ICC(2,1) = 0.925; 95% CI 0.832–0.967) landings. At 6 weeks, within-session reliability remained excellent for dominant (ICC(2,1) = 0.967, 95% CI 0.926–0.985) and nondominant ICC 0.968 (95% CI 0.929–0.986) landings. The reliability of the single-leg horizontal jump task for netball remained strong after 6 weeks of netball training.     

We belong together: belonging to the principal’s in-group protects teachers from the negative effects of task conflict on psychological safety

Psychological safety is the shared belief that the team is safe for interpersonal risk-taking. Critical team events such as conflict and faultlines (hypothetical lines that split a team into subgroups) should impact psychological safety. Previous research has shown the benefits of task conflict on team outcomes under certain conditions and the consistently negative effects of demographic faultline strength on team outcomes. We propose that being close to the principal (what we call belonging to the principal’s in-group) should help attenuate the negative effects of task conflict and faultlines among teachers, because it is associated with a more effective working relationship. In a survey study with 244 teachers from 45 primary schools, we tested the moderating effect of belonging to the principal’s in-group vs. belonging to an out-group on the relationships of task conflict and faultlines on psychological safety. Results of multilevel model tests showed that relationship conflict (but not task conflict) and faultlines decreased psychological safety. However, when teachers belonged to the principal’s in-group as compared to an out-group, task conflict had no negative effect on psychological safety. We present implications to bridge the negative effects due to subgroup presence, so that psychological safety can become a resource for all.     

知识团队中差序式领导的影响机制研究

基于角色理论,从知识团队互动的动态过程视角出发,探究差序式领导通过团队冲突对团队运作结果产生的双面影响,同时引入团队认同作为边界条件,构建有调节的中介模型,以揭示差序式领导的内在作用机制.运用层次回归分析检验程序,对来自113个知识团队直接领导及其配对的536名团队成员样本数据进行分析.结果表明：差序式领导能显著正向预测团队创造力和团队知识隐藏,团队任务冲突和团队关系冲突分别在其中发挥中介作用;团队认同在差序式领导与团队关系冲突间发挥负向调节作用;团队认同负向调节团队关系冲突在差序式领导与团队知识隐藏的中介作用.     

对体育训练艺术现象的思考

在创建我国体育训练艺术论新学科时,首先必须深入进行专题性研究,特别是对学科对象要进行深入探讨。借助唯物辩证法理论,运用献资料法等科学方法,提出了“体育训练艺术现象”这一新概念,揭示了体育训练艺术论新学科的特殊矛盾,提出了体育训练理论的研究任务。     

关于远程开放教育教学模式的构想--兼论"三动"教学法

远程开放教育是未来教育发展方向之一,本文在分析开放教育教学优势的基础上,探析了适合开放教育自身发展规律的"三动"教学模式,并提出了开放教育教学改革应完善的问题.     

辨是非:读校活动的第一要义

书稿的电子化使传统意义上的原稿与校样合而为一,校对方式变为以读校为主,校是非的功能凸现,这是校对工作者必须面对的现实.要想解决书稿中的是非问题,首先必须辨明是非.做不到这一点,校是非就无从谈起,读校活动也就失去了意义.本文结合实例分析、探讨了这方面的问题,得出了"辨是非是读校活动的第一要义"这一结论.     

浅谈江泽民同志在党建理论上的创新

江泽民同志继承了毛泽东，邓小平思想建党，制度建党的思想，又在功能建党方面进行了创新，实现了党在思想灵魂，制度骨架，效能作用上的统一。     

关于深化职称工作改革的思考

职称工作改革是当前经济社会发展的必然要求,必要对职称改革的方向与任务及其职称改革过程中的几个关系进行探析,以期为深化职称改革提供思路.