3D打印技术的多学科研究特征分析

3D打印已经成为国际国内一个新的技术潮流,世界工业强国纷纷将其作为新的产业发展增长点进行培育。从CNKI中国期刊全文数据库中筛选7 288篇3D打印研究文献,利用SATI工具软件构建高频作者与高频关键词共现矩阵,并利用Ucinet和SPSS软件进行可视化分析,得出我国3D打印技术的发展趋势与4个主要研究主题,进而分析我国3D打印技术的多学科研究特征。     

Reflux extraction and analysis of polyethylene wax in soil

An efficient reflux extraction of polyethylene wax （PEW） in soil is presented, followed by molecular structure characterization methods to explore its degradation mechanism. To more realistically simulate the actual degradation of PE film powders in soil, low density PE （M=5 000） powders, being used as simulated PEW residue sample, were uniformly mixed with soil and then recovered by reflux extraction with decahydronaphthalen （decalin） at 90 ℃ for 60 min. The average recovery of PEW from fortified soils was 96.5% with the developed reflux extraction procedure. The recovered PEW residue samples were characterized by infrared spectroscopy （IR）, element analysis （EA）, X-ray fluorescence （XFR）, and high-temperature gel permeation chromatography （GPC）. The results from spectra analysis show that there were no significant changes in molecular structures and molecular mass distribution of PEW samples after the reflux extraction, which demonslrate the reliability of this method. These results also indicate that the reflux extraction procedure and analytical methods of characterization could serve as a novel measurement technique to evaluate the degradation of low-density PE powders in soil over time.     

3D Printing in the Wild: Adopting Digital Fabrication in Elementary School Education

In recent years, digital fabrication, and especially its associated activities of 3D design and printing, have taken root in school education as curriculum‐based and maker‐oriented learning activities. This article explores the adoption of 3D design and printing for learning by fourth, fifth and sixth grade children (n=64) in multidisciplinary learning modules in elementary school education. School‐coordinated 3D projects were not led by design experts, such as art and design teachers, designers, researchers or technical specialists, but run ‘in the wild’ by school teachers. The study was conducted by using an ethnographic research design, including field observations, non‐formal interviews and a reflective questionnaire. The results indicate that, in the adoption of 3D printing activities, learning is centred on the technical skills and the usage of 3D tools. Hence, the elementary ABCs of 3D printing do not achieve the full design and creativity potential of digital fabrication that earlier research has suggested. However, the results do have implications for the potential of 3D printing projects to increase children’s empowerment. In their current state, 3D design and printing are some of the learning tools, among others, and similar achievements can be achieved with other hands‐on learning technologies. In order to enhance the learning of creativity and design thinking skills, 3D activities in school should be planned accordingly.     

金末文坛领袖雷渊——兼论辽金时期西京的出版印刷业

金代浑源雷、刘两族是享誉全国的文学世家 ,其中雷渊又是金末文坛盟主之一 ,黄派领袖 ,被誉为“一世龙门”。他少年时便与刘伯熙以能诗文而并称“雷刘”,后又与著名文学家刘从益在文坛上号称“刘雷”;在政坛上则与陈规以弹劾不避权贵号称“陈雷”,被老百姓奉为保护神 ,有“中朝第一人”之誉。《归潜志》的刊印 ,说明金元时期大同的出版印刷事业也较发达     

论"印前审读制"的建立

通过审读实践,发现目前出版物中存在的编校问题仍然很多.认为要改变这种状况,各出版单位应该组织印前审读班子,建立印前审读制.就审读员的权利和责任以及印前审读的可行性等进行论述.     

基于AutoCAD的工程图输出方法研究

基于AutoCAD的工程图输出一般在图形软件中实现。研究在非图形软件的情况下准确、不失真、批量、快速输出工程图的方法和程序。     

基于总线制报警系统的实时图文显示和汉化打印系统

目前从国外引进的火灾自动报警系统通常没有图文显示及汉化打印,有的则无联动控制功能。为满足实际需求,提出了一种基于总线制报警系统的实时图文显示和汉化打印系统,重点介绍信号采集硬软件、报警图文时显示以及汉化打印等关键技术要点。     

3D打印材料的发展现状

3D打印,又称作增材制造,是快速成型技术的一种,被誉为“第三次工业革命”的核心技术．材料是3D打印的物质基础,也是当前制约3D打印发展的瓶颈．文章综述了3D打印材料的发展现状,重点介绍了用于3D打印的几类主要材料,并指出了当前3D打印材料发展所面临的问题．     

A Three-Dimensional Print Model of the Pterygopalatine Fossa Significantly Enhances the Learning Experience

The pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) is a bilateral space deep within the skull that serves as a major neurovascular junction. However, its small volume and poor accessibility make it a difficult space to comprehend using two-dimensional illustrations and cadaveric dissections. A three-dimensional (3D) printed model of the PPF was developed as a visual and kinesthetic learning tool for completely visualizing the fossa, its boundaries, its communicating channels, and its neurovascular structures. The model was evaluated by analyzing student performance on pre- and post-quizzes and a student satisfaction survey based on the five-point Likert scale. The first cohort comprised of 88 students who had never before studied the PPF. The second cohort consisted of 30 students who were previously taught the PPF. Each cohort was randomly divided into a control group who were provided with a half skull and an intervention group that were provided with the 3D printed model. The intervention group performed significantly better on the post-quiz as compared to the control group in cohort I (P = 0.001); while not significant, it also improved learning in cohort II students (P = 0.124). Satisfaction surveys indicated that the intervention group found the 3D printed model to be significantly more useful (P < 0.05) as compared to the half skull used by the control group. Importantly, the effect sizes for cohorts I and II (0.504 and 0.581, respectively) validated the statistical results. Together, this study highlights the importance of 3D printed models as teaching tools in anatomy education.     

网络环境下高校图书馆过刊的开发与利用

本文分析了印刷型过刊的特点与作用,以及影响其利用率的一些因素。阐述了网络环境下印刷型过刊再开发的必要性,并提出和论述了开发过刊一系列新的措施:可从转化、编辑、管理、服务等方面进行重新开发。