《孟子》的宾语前置

宾语前置是古代汉语较为突出的特殊句式,与现代汉语形成很大的差异。如果对这种特殊语序辨析不清,就会妨碍对古书文意的正确理解,因此,它历来受到古代汉语语法研究者的重视。对《孟子》中宾语前置现象进行具体分析,有利于理清这一语法现象在该书中的特殊性及其变异轨迹。     

A reconsideration of Marx’s idea of “association of free individuals”

The whole Marxist theory centers on the emancipation and freedom of human beings, the naming of his highest ideal as ‘association of free individuals’ being the clear proof. However, it would be superficial to announce Marxism as humanism of individualism according to Marx’s pursuit of ‘free development of each’. The ‘free development of each’ put forward by Marx when describing the ‘association of free individuals’ refers to individuals’ re-subjecting their social relations that have been changed into material powers owing to private ownership and alienation. In this sense, the free development of each is the condition for the free development of all. In this very sense, too, the foundation of the real community is required as the presupposition so as to relate his theory of freedom to the theory on the elimination of private ownership and the alienation and elimination of class and state finally. Project supported by National Social Science Foundation of China(No. 00BZZ001) and the Excellent Young Teachers Program of Ministry of Education, China.     

浅谈《马氏文通》与现代汉语词类划分标准之比照

纵观汉语语法发展史,将《马氏文通》确立的词类划分标准与现代汉语的词类划分标准相比照,结果发现马建忠提出的词类划分标准,即以意义和句法功能为标准,至今仍是现代汉语划分词类的主要标准。由此可见《马氏文通》确立的汉语词类体系及词类划分标准具有相当的科学性。《马氏文通》在汉语语法史上的重要影响亦可见一斑。     

英语词汇与性别歧视

语言文字是一个民族文化的结晶和载体，不仅记录了该民族的物质生活和精神生活的面貌，而且还积淀了丰富的传统文化内涵。剖析典型英语女性词汇，可以窥视到女性所遭受的性别歧视．     

一种改进的Apriori算法

在对关联规则挖掘算法Apriori进行深入研究的基础上,提出了一种改进的算法SDA算法,在三个方面进行了改进:(1)频繁2-项集生成方法;(2)改进Apriori_gen算法(3)减少事务数据库.在实验数据集上所做的实验结果表明SDA算法是有效的.     

Spoken vocabulary growth: Its role in the development of phoneme awareness and early reading ability

In this paper, two theoretical positionsregarding the developmental origins of thephoneme as a unit for lexical representationand processing are outlined – theaccessibility and emergent positions. OurLexical Restructuring Model (Metsala & Walley1998), which is consistent with the secondposition, focuses on the role of vocabularygrowth in prompting the implementation of morefine-grained, segmental representations forlexical items in childhood; this restructuringis viewed as an important precursor to theexplicit segmentation or phoneme awarenessskills implicated in early reading success.Empirical evidence that supports this model issummarized, including preliminary results fromone of our most recent studies. Severalsuggestions are made for future research thatwill lead to a better understanding of thedevelopment of spoken word recognition and thelinks between speech- and reading-relatedabilities.     

汉语个体量词的产生及其原因探讨

从历时的角度考察了汉语个体量词产生、发展和成熟时期的情况,和汉语个体量词产生的动因。认为汉语个体量词的产生是汉语范畴化和汉语类型特点制约的结果,同时反映了汉民族的认知视点。     

程度副词修饰名词结构探析

程度副词修饰名词原本不是一个被语法学界完全认可的语法组合,然而在当代口语及书面语中,“程度副词 名词”组合却有越来越多的人使用。可见,“程度副词 名词”虽是一类很特殊的结构,但已具有相当程度的可接受性。与一般意义上的名词不同,进入这一结构中的名词需具有由具体指称向情状描述转化的潜在语义特征,这一类名词与程度副词的组合弥补了形容词语义表达上的问题,并由此引发了部分名词向名形兼类词的转变。     

谈异形词规范的系统性原则

以系统性和规范性原则,切入45年来人们对异形词研究的得失。把现代汉语所有的异形词作为一个系统的整体,即异形词群系统,揭示其意义结构关系及其规律。认为异形词系统组内各词之间同素同构与非同素同构并存,异形词群的其他各个层级系统之间以及异形词群与非异形词群之间几乎都有一个共同的语素。在此基础上,概括出规范异形词的系统性原则的定义。     

基于神经网络的语境特征对 must语义排歧影响研究

英语情态动词的一词多义给自然语言处理带来了很大困难。情态动词语义对语境很敏感,发现影响情态动词语义的主要语境因素对情态动词特征选择、机器翻译等都十分重要。因此,采用神经网络技术对英语情态动词进行语义排歧,并确定不同语境特征对语义排歧结果的影响。基于一个 100 万字的语料库,以英语情态动词 must 为例,从语境中提取影响 must 语义的语义特征和句法特征,计算并确定这些特征向量值,建立可区分根情态与认识情态语义的 BP 神经网络,排歧正确率达到 94%。在此基础上,通过实验研究确定不同语境特征对情态动词 must 语义排歧的影响程度等级。该研究结果为情态动词语义排歧及情态动词语义人工识别提供了重要依据。